All real-world systems have at least one constraint; otherwise they would be capable of infinite throughput, which is clearly impossible, except in the unlikely case of a Technological singularity. TOC claims that a real-world system with more than three constraints is extremely unlikely. This claim is based on linear programming models, which are capable of solving optimization problems for systems with many hundreds of constraints. Researchers found that all but a few such solutions were so unstable that they would be completely impractical amid the noise of a real-world system. The stability had a strong correlation to the number of constraints in the problem; the more constraints, the less stability. TOC practitioners claim that in practice three constraints is the realistic maximum. A major implication of this is that managing a complex system or organization can be made both simpler and more effective, by providing managers with a few specific areas on which to focus.
TOC has been initiated by Eliyahu M. Goldratt and is being actively developed by a loosely coupled community of practitioners around the world.
TOC is sometimes referred to as "Constraint Management".
This first-time direct integration of a constraintmanagementsystem with different design tools is a radical departure from the traditional approach of managing high-speed design constraints as net-level database properties.
The ConstraintManager enables designers to group all of the high-speed constraints for a collection of signals to form an electrical constraint set (ECSet), that is then associated with those nets to manage their actual implementation.
Hierarchical constraintmanagement means that the same constraints can be applied to a collection of signals and overridden on a case-by-case basis where appropriate.
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