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A disease is any abnormal condition of the body or mind that causes discomfort, dysfunction, or distress to the person affected or those in contact with the person. Sometimes the term is used broadly to include injuries, disabilities, syndromes, symptoms, deviant behaviors, and atypical variations of structure and function, while in other contexts these may be considered distinguishable categories. With regard to living things, a body is the integral physical material of an individual, and contrasts with soul, personality and behavior. ...
The mind is the term most commonly used to describe the higher functions of the human brain, particularly those of which humans are subjectively conscious, such as personality, thought, reason, memory, intelligence and emotion. ...
This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ...
In medicine, the term syndrome is the association of several clinically recognizable features, signs, symptoms, phenomena or characteristics which often occur together, so that the presence of one feature alerts the physician to the presence of the others. ...
Pathology is the study of diseases. The subject of systematic classification of diseases is referred to as nosology. The broader body of knowledge about diseases and their treatments is medicine. Pathology (in ancient Greek pathos = pain/pation and logos = word) is the study of diseases. ...
Nosology (in Greek Nosos = Disease) is a branch of medicine that deals with classification of diseases. ...
See drugs, medication, and pharmacology for substances that are used to treat patients. ...
Syndromes, illness and disease
Medical usage sometimes distinguishes a disease, which has a known specific cause or causes (called its etiology), from a syndrome, which is a collection of signs or symptoms that occur together. However, many conditions have been identified, yet continue to be referred to as "syndromes". Furthermore, numerous conditions of unknown etiology are referred to as "diseases" in many contexts. Etiology (alternately aetiology, aitiology) is the study of causation. ...
The term symptom (from the Greek syn = con/plus and pipto = fall, together meaning co-exist) has two similar meanings in the context of physical and mental health: A symptom can be a physical condition which shows that one has a particular illness or disorder (see e. ...
Illness, although often used to mean disease, can also refer to a person's perception of their health, regardless of whether they in fact have a disease. A person without any disease may feel unhealthy and believe he has an illness. Another person may feel healthy and believe he does not have an illness even though he may have a disease such as dangerously high blood pressure which may lead to a fatal heart attack or stroke. Illness can be a synonym for disease or it can be a persons perception of having poor health. ...
Arterial hypertension, or high blood pressure is a medical condition where the blood pressure is chronically elevated. ...
A myocardial infarction occurs when an atherosclerotic plaque slowly builds up in the inner lining of a coronary artery and then suddenly ruptures, totally occluding the artery and preventing blood flow downstream. ...
A stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is suddenly interrupted by occlusion (an ischemic stroke- approximately 90%of strokes) or by hemorrhage (a hemorrhagic stroke - approximately 10% of strokes). ...
Identifying a condition as a disease Identifying a condition as a disease, rather than simply a variation of human structure or function, could have significant social or economic implications (such as compensation for the victims). For example, recognition of post-traumatic stress disorder, also known as "shell shock"; repetitive motion injury or repetitive stress injury (RSI); and Gulf War syndrome as diseases were very controversial in several countries, and affect financial and other responsibilities of governments and companies to individuals. Also, ageing is increasingly being viewed as a disease, although this is widely disputed. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), is a term for the psychological consequences of exposure to or confrontation with stressful experiences, which involve actual or threatened death, serious physical injury or a threat to physical integrity and which the person found highly traumatic. ...
Repetitive strain injury, also called repetitive stress injury or typing injury, is an occupational overuse syndrome affecting the tendons and nerves. ...
This article or section should be merged with Gulf War illness Gulf War syndrome is the name given to a variety of psychological and physical symptoms suffered by veterans of the Gulf War. ...
In biology, senescence is the state or process of aging. ...
A condition may be considered to be a disease in some cultures or eras but not in others. To consider a syndrome to be a disease is a social value judgement. Oppositional-defiant disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and, increasingly, obesity are conditions considered to be diseases in North America today, but not some decades ago, and not in some other countries. Conversely, the number of people in the West who consider homosexuality to be a disease has been decreasing. This article is in need of attention. ...
Obesity is an excess storage of fat and can affect any mammal, such as the mouse on the left. ...
Transmission of disease Some diseases, such as influenza, are contagious or infectious, and can be transmitted by any of a variety of mechanisms, including droplets from coughs and sneezes, by bites of insects or other vectors, from contaminated water or food, etc. Negatively stained flu virions. ...
Infection is also the title of an episode of the television series Babylon 5; see Infection (Babylon 5). ...
Traditionally in medicine, a vector is an organism that does not cause disease itself but which spreads infection by conveying pathogens from one host to another. ...
Other diseases, such as cancer and heart disease are not considered to be due to infection, although micro-organisms may play a role. When normal cells are damaged or old they undergo apoptosis; cancer cells, however, avoid apoptosis. ...
Coronary heart disease (CHD), also called coronary artery disease (CAD) and atherosclerotic heart disease, is the end result of the accumulation of atheromatous plaques within the walls of the arteries that supply the myocardium (the muscle of the heart). ...
Other uses of the term In biology, disease refers to any abnormal condition of an organism that impairs function. Biology is the science of life (from the Greek words bios = life and logos = reasoned account). ...
The term disease is often used metaphorically for disordered, dysfunctional, or distressing conditions of other things, as in disease of society.
See also The term childhood disease is sometimes subjective, and does not refer to an accepted, categorical list. ...
This is a list of common, well-known or infamous diseases. ...
A listing of diseases. ...
Diagnosis (from the Greek words dia = by and gnosis = knowledge) is the process of identifying a disease by its signs, symptoms and results of various diagnostic procedures. ...
An epidemic is generally a widespread disease that affects many individuals in a population. ...
Illness can be a synonym for disease or it can be a persons perception of having poor health. ...
Palliative care is any form of medical care or treatment that concentrates on reducing the severity of the symptoms of a disease or slows its progress rather than providing a cure. ...
Therapy (in Greek: θεραπεία) or treatment is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a diagnosis. ...
The microorganisms (bacteria and viruses) that cause disease may be transmitted from one person to another by one or more of the following means: droplet contact - coughing or sneezing on another person direct physical contact - touching an infected person indirect contact - usually by touching a contaminated surface airborne transmission - if...
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