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Lasthenia conjugens, commonly known as Contra Costa goldfields, is an endangered species of wildflower endemic to a limited range within the San Francisco Bay Area of the state of California, USA.[1] Specifically this rare species occurs only in Napa,[2] Solano, Contra Costa, Santa Clara and Alameda Counties.[3] This annual herb typically flowers from March through June, and its colonies grow in vernal pool habitats at elevations not exceeding 100 meters above sea level. The Jepson Manual notes that the distribution is limited to the Sacramento Valley, principally Napa and Solano Counties,[4] but this characterization ignores somewhat recent recordings[3] in the other counties listed above. In any case, historically the range has included much of the North Coast, Sacramento Valley, and San Francisco Bay Area as well as the South Coast. Alternatively and less frequently this taxon has been referred to as Baeria fremontii var. conjugens. This article explains how to read a taxobox. ...
Alameda County is a suburban county in Californias San Francisco Bay Area. ...
The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. ...
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The critically endangered Amur Tiger, a rare subspecies of tiger. ...
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It has been suggested that Angiospermae, and Anthophyta be merged into this article or section. ...
Magnoliopsida is the botanical name for a class: this name is formed by replacing the termination -aceae in the name Magnoliaceae by the termination -opsida (Art 16 of the ICBN). ...
Families Alseuosmiaceae Argophyllaceae Asteraceae - Daisies Calyceraceae Campanulaceae (incl. ...
Diversity About 1500 genera and 23,000 species Type Genus Aster L. Subfamilies Barnadesioideae Cichorioideae Tribe Arctotidae Tribe Cardueae Tribe Eremothamneae Tribe Lactuceae Tribe Liabeae Tribe Mutisieae Tribe Tarchonantheae Tribe Vernonieae Asteroideae Tribe Anthemideae Tribe Astereae Tribe Calenduleae Tribe Eupatorieae Tribe Gnaphalieae Tribe Helenieae Tribe Heliantheae Tribe Inuleae Tribe Plucheae...
In biology, binomial nomenclature is the formal method of naming species. ...
The critically endangered Amur Tiger, a rare subspecies of tiger. ...
Five wildflower species Penstemon strictus A wildflower (or wild flower) is a flower that grows wild, meaning it was not intentionally seeded or planted. ...
In biology and ecology endemic means exclusively native to a place or biota, in contrast to cosmopolitan or introduced. ...
USGS satellite photo of the San Francisco Bay Area. ...
Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area Ranked 3rd - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²) - Width 250 miles (400 km) - Length 770 miles (1,240 km) - % water 4. ...
Rare species is an organism which is very uncommon or scarce. ...
Napa Valley redirects here. ...
Solano County is a county located in central part of the U.S. state of California, about halfway between San Francisco and Sacramento and is one of the nine San Francisco Bay Area counties. ...
Official website: http://www. ...
Location of Santa Clara County within California. ...
Official website: http://www. ...
Herbs: basil Herbs (IPA: hə(ɹ)b, or əɹb; see pronunciation differences) are plants grown for any purpose other than food, wood or beauty. ...
A typical vernal pool in the western U.S. A vernal pool is usually a shallow depression in level ground with no permanent above-ground outlet. ...
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The Sacramento Valley is the portion of the California Central Valley that lies to the north of the San Joaquin-Sacramento Delta. ...
The North Coast of the U.S. state of California is a mostly rural coastline on the Pacific Ocean stretching from the city of San Francisco to the border of Oregon characterized by cliffs, hills, and tide pools. ...
USGS satellite photo of the San Francisco Bay Area. ...
Even though this plant is found almost exclusively in vernal pools, its behavior in controlled experiments indicates it prefers less than complete inundation. This impliies that the plant actually prefers a theoretically drier environment, but is merely more successful than its competitors in surviving seasonal inundation.[5]
Morphology
 Lasthenia conjugens at Warm Springs Seasonal Wetlands near Fremont, California. Photo credit: John Game Lastenia conjugens is an herb whose stems are simple or freely branched and erect, attaining a height of less than 40 centimeters. Their glabrous leaves, of length of approximately eight centimeters, are entire to pinnately lobed. Inflorescences appear in the form of solitary heads, with twelve to eighteen phyllaries fused at one third to mid length, a distinguishing hallmark for identification of this species.[6] An involucre structure measures six to ten millimeters and may be somewhat hemispheric. The receptacle presents as dome-shaped or obconic. The yellow ray flowers may number six to thirteen petals, and the five to ten millimeter ligules are yellow as well. The yellow disk flowers are numerous, and anther tips are linear to somewhat ovate. Style tips are triangular. The corollae are typically five-lobed. Style tips may be triangular or round, but typically hair-tufted. The glabrous club-shaped fruits are less than 1.5 millimeters across, black or gray in color, absent a pappus structure. The species is cross-pollinated.[7] According to Greene, the chromosome characteristic is: 2n=12. Fremont (IPA: ) is a city in California which was incorporated on January 23, 1956, from the merger of five smaller communities: Centerville, Irvington, Mission San Jose, Niles, and Warm Springs. ...
In Botany, glabrous is used to describe something as smooth or having no hair or similar growth (see indumentum). ...
A pinnate fern frond (Blechnum appendiculatum). ...
An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers on a branch of a plant. ...
Example of a flower head. ...
Toothed bracts on Rhinanthus minor In botany, a bract is a modified or specialized leaf, from the axil of which a flower or flower stalk arises; or a bract may be any leaf associated with an inflorescence. ...
The word hemisphere literally means half sphere or half ball; when used in the singular form, it refers to one of the halves of a spherical object. ...
Flower of the spider tree (Crateva religiosa) with its numerous conspicuous stamens The stamen is the male organ of a flower. ...
Corolla can be: A Latin-language term for crown The Toyota Corolla, a model of automobile manufactured by Toyota The corolla is one whorl of the perianth of a flower and composed of petals The town of Corolla, North Carolina This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that...
Pappus of Alexandria is one of the most important mathematicians of ancient Greek time, known for his work Synagoge (“Collection”). He was born at Alexandria of Egypt. ...
Ecology Lasthenia conjugens relies upon insect pollination for fertilization, and dispersal of seed is largely by gravity. Studies in Solano County natural and restoration habitats have shown variability between visitation rates to the two types of colonies; however, plant propagation rates were found to be similar between natural colonies and introduced ones, implying pollination is not a limiting factor of propagation.[8] An alternative conclusion is that members of one particular insect family, Sciaridae, are extremely efficient pollinators of L. conjugens, since it was the only insect family to visit the restoration colonies in significant numbers. A pollinator is the agent that moves pollen from the male anthers of a flower to the female stigma of a flower to accomplish fertilization or syngamy of the female gamete in the ovule of the flower by the male gamete from the pollen grain. ...
Gravity is a force of attraction that acts between bodies that have mass. ...
Restoration ecology is the study of returning degraded ecosystems and landscapes to a reference state where ecological communities and processes are re-established. ...
Genera Sciara many more Sciaridae is a family of flies, commonly known as dark-winged fungus gnats. ...
Conservation Contra Costa Goldfields has been studied extensively with regard to genetic diversity of colonies. Some early findings were that repeated seedings in restoration colonies enhanced the resultant population of Lasthenia conjugens and hence ultimate survival.[9] The subsequent finding has been made that genetic diversity has been able to be replicated for introduced colonies in a restoration environment, implying favorable long-term stability and viability for introduced colonies.[10]
In addition to the federal status as an endangered species it gained on June 18, 1997, Lasthenia conjugens is acknowledged and protected under the Solano County Habitat Conservation Plan.[11] June 18 is the 169th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (170th in leap years), with 196 days remaining. ...
1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
See also A typical vernal pool in the western U.S. A vernal pool is usually a shallow depression in level ground with no permanent above-ground outlet. ...
References - ^ U.S. Department of Agriculture plant profile
- ^ Environmental Assessment for the Napa Valley Wine Train, Napa County Planning Department and the California Public Utilities Commission, Earth Metrics report 10072, January, 1990
- ^ a b 2004 Distribution map showing occurrences of Lasthenia conjugens
- ^ The Jepson Manual, University of California Press 1993
- ^ Gerhardt, Fritz and Sharon Collinge, Causes of rarity in the vernal pool endemic "Lasthenia conjugens" (Asteraceae), ESA August 5, 2003, Session # 36: Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Species Plants
- ^ U.S. Federal Register Final Rule Listing Document (1997)
- ^ Ornduff, Robert (1966). "A biosystematic survey of the Goldfield genus Lasthenia (Compositae: Helenieae).". University of California publications in botany 40: 1–92. ISSN 0068-6395, LCCN 66-64336.
- ^ Ramp, Jennifer M., Pollination and seed set of the endangered vernal pool annual "Lasthenia conjugens" (Asteraceae), Botany 2004, Ecology Section
- ^ Collinge, Sharon, Testing community assembly theory in vernal pool restoration, ESA, August 6, 2002, Session #32: Testing Ecological Theory in Restoration Practice
- ^ Jennifer M. Ramp, Sharon K. Collinge1 and Tom A. Ranker, Restoration genetics of the vernal pool endemic Lasthenia conjugens (Asteraceae), Conservation Genetics, Volume 7, Number 5, Pages 631-649, October, 2006, Springer Netherlands, DOI:10.1007/s10592-005-9052-2
- ^ Solano County Habitat Conservation Plan
August 5 is the 217th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (218th in leap years), with 148 days remaining. ...
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ISSN, or International Standard Serial Number, is the unique eight-digit number applied to a periodical publication including electronic serials. ...
The Library of Congress Control Number or LCCN is a serially based system of numbering books in the Library of Congress in the United States. ...
A typical vernal pool in the western U.S. A vernal pool is usually a shallow depression in level ground with no permanent above-ground outlet. ...
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