Convective instability (also known as potential instability) occurs when dry mid-level air rises (usually caused by mountains or hills) over very warm, moist air in the lower troposphere. The differences saturation cause changes adiabatic lapse rates, and can result in the air layer becoming unstable and possibly overturning. This article or section contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ... The Troposphere is the lowermost portion of Earths atmosphere. ... The adiabatic lapse rate is the rate of temperature change that occurs in an atmosphere as a function of elevation, assuming that air behaves adiabatically. ...

Convective instability is also termed static instability, because the instability does not depend on the existing motion of the air; this contrasts with dynamic instability.

High convective instability can lead to severe thunderstorms and tornadoes. This is because the moist air which is trapped in the lower layer; eventually a rising bubble of humid air breaks through the dry layer triggering the development of a cumulonimbus cloud. A rolling thundercloud over Enschede, The Netherlands. ... For other uses of Tornado, see Tornado (disambiguation). ... Cumulonimbus cloud in central Oklahoma. ...

External links

• Convective instability and internal gravity waves (lots of equations)
• Jeff Haby's page on Convective Instability

Further reading

• Barry, R.G. and Chorley, R.J. Atmosphere, weather and climate (7th ed) Routledge 1998 p. 80-81 ISBN 0-415-16020-0