Convention of Chuenpeh, Chuanbi Convention or the Ch'uenpi Convention was one of the first attempts to settle the First Opium War disputes between the Qing Empire and the United Kingdom. It was drafted in 1841, but was not formally ratified due to disagreements between the two parties.^[1] Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ... Map of eastern China and Taiwan, showing the historic distribution of Mandarin Chinese in light brown. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... This article is about all of the Cantonese (Yue) dialects. ... Jyutping (sometimes spelled Jyutpin) is a romanization system for Standard Cantonese developed by the Linguistic Society of Hong Kong (LSHK) in 1993. ... Combatants Qing China British East India Company Commanders Daoguang Emperor Charles Elliot, Anthony Blaxland Stransham The First Opium War or the First Anglo-Chinese War was fought between the United Kingdom and the Qing Empire in China from 1839 to 1842 with the aim of forcing China to import British... Flag (1890-1912) Anthem Gong Jinou (1911) Qing China at its greatest extent. ...

Background

On January 1841, Captain Charles Elliot of the Royal Navy proposed to Qishan, the Governor of Guangdong Province, that a convention be signed to end hostilities during the Opium war. Since the meeting took place close to Bocca Tigris at Shajiao Fort (沙角炮台), which is also called Chuanbi fort in Chinese, the convention is commonly known as the "The Convention of Chuenpeh." Charles Elliot, also Charles Elliott (義律, b. ... This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ... Qishan (琦善, 1790-1854) Manchu statesman during the Qing dynasty. ... Not to be confused with the former Kwantung Leased Territory in north-eastern China. ... The Humen Bridge over Bocca Tigris Bocca Tigris (Chinese: 虎门) a narrow strait in the Pearl River Delta, where the Pearl River discharges into the South China sea. ...

Terms

Under the terms of the convention, the Qing government would cede Hong Kong Island to the United Kingdom and China would also pay an indemnity of $6 million and let the British have free access to the port of Guangzhou. The convention specifically allowed the Qing government to continue collecting tax at Hong Kong, which was the main "clogging" point that led to the disagreement according to Lord Palmerston.^[1] The night view of the Island side as seen from the Kowloon side - the opposite side of the Victoria Harbour Hong Kong Island (Traditional Chinese: 香港島; Simplified Chinese: 香港岛; Cantonese Jyutping: hoeng1 gong2 dou2; Mandarin Pinyin: Xiānggǎngdǎo) is the island where the colonial settlement of the Hong Kong territory... Guangzhou is the capital and the sub-provincial city of Guangdong Province in the southern part of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, KG, GCB, PC (20 October 1784 – 18 October 1865) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ...

Aftermath

Although Qishan intended to sign the treaty, he never got formal approval from the Daoguang emperor and never signed the treaty. When the emperor found out about the contents of the treaty he dismissed Qishan from his position. The British government was also dissatisfied with the contents of the treaty and dismissed Elliot from his position as a consequence of the treaty. The Daoguang Emperor (September 16, 1782 - February 25, 1850) was the seventh emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, and the sixth Qing emperor to rule over China, from 1820 to 1850. ...

Many of the contents of the treaty, such as the cession of Hong Kong, were included in the Treaty of Nanking, which was signed in 1842. The Treaty of Nanjing (Chinese: 南京條約, Nánjīng Tiáoyuē) is the agreement which marked the end of the First Opium War between the United Kingdom and China. ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

Notes

References

• Lecture notes from Dr. Poon Suk-wah, Lingnan University, Hong Kong.

The Lingnan University (LU)(Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: , formerly called Lingnan College (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: )) is a public liberal arts university in Hong Kong. ...

See also

• Anglo-Chinese relations