NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Conventional Egyptian chronology

This conventional chronology of the rulers of ancient Egypt, taking into account well accepted developments during the 20th century but not including any of the major revision proposals that have also been made in that time. Chronology is the science of locating events in time. ... Pharaoh (פַּרְעֹה, Standard Hebrew Parʿo, Tiberian Hebrew Parʿōh) is a title used to refer to the kings (of godly status) in ancient Egypt. ... Hathor The history of Egypt is the longest continuous history, as a unified state, of any country in the world. ...

Even within a single work, often archeologists will offer several possible dates or even several whole chronologies as possibilities. Consequently, there may be discrepancies between dates shown here and in articles on particular rulers. Often there are also several possible spellings of the names.

All dates are BC. BC may stand for: Ballistic Coefficient a measure of air drag on a projectile by calculating a ratio its sectional density to its coefficient of form. ...

Sources

(This information has been supplemented from The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, edited by Ian Shaw (Oxford, 2000), and Digital Egypt for Universities, which was developed by The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology.)

It should be noted that there is a 60 year discrepancy between the dates proposed by these two authors. There is no attempt to remove this discrepancy in the combined chronology presented below.

This is a “Conventional Chronology” as discussed by David Rohl in A Test of Time (1995, Century). David Rohl is an British Egyptologist and historian who has put forth several controversial theories concerning the chronology of Ancient Egypt and Palestine. ...

This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Pharaoh (פַּרְעֹה, Standard Hebrew Parʿo, Tiberian Hebrew Parʿōh) is a title used to refer to the kings (of godly status) in ancient Egypt. ... The Chronology of the Ancient Orient deals with the notoriously difficult task of assigning years of the Common Era to various events, rulers and dynasties of the 3rd and 2nd millennia BC. The chronology of this region is based on five sets of primary materials. ...

Protodynastic Period

The Protodynastic Period of Egypt refers to the period of time at the very end of the Predynastic Period. ...

Dynasty 0 circa 3100–2920

The Protodynastic Period of Egypt refers to the period of time at the very end of the Predynastic Period. ... Front and Back Sides of the Narmer Palette Narmer was an Egyptian pharaoh who ruled in the 32nd century BC. The successor of Serket, he is considered by some to be the founder of the First dynasty. ...

Early Dynastic Period

The Early Dynastic Period of Egypt is taken to include the First and the Second dynasties, lasting from ca. ...

1st Dynasty 2920-2770

The First and second Dynasties of Ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title of the Early Dynastic Period of Egypt. ... This article is under dispute for accuracy. ... Djer is the second Egyptian king of the first dynasty. ... Djet (Serpent, c. ... Den (or Dewen) was the fourth Egyptian king of the First dynasty. ... Qáa was the last king of the First Dynasty of Egypt. ...

2nd Dynasty 2770-2650

History of Ancient Egypt Second Dynasty The names of the actual rulers of the Second Dynasty are in dispute. ... Hotepsekhemwy was the first king of the Second dynasty of Egypt. ... Raneb was a pharaoh during the Second dynasty of Egypt who ruled for 39 years. ... Khasekhemwy (? -2686 BC; sometimes spelled Khasekhemui) was the 5th and final Pharaoh of the 2nd dynasty of Egypt. ...

Position uncertain

Old Kingdom

The Old Kingdom is the name commonly given to that period in the 3rd millennium BC when Egypt attained its first continuous peak of civilization complexity and achievement - this was the first of three so-called Kingdom periods which mark the high points of civilisation in the Nile Valley (the...

3rd Dynasty

History of Egypt Third Dynasty While Manetho names one Necherophes, and the Turin King List names Nebka, as the first pharaoh of the Third dynasty of Egypt, some contemporary Egyptologists believe Djoser was the first king of this dynasty, pointing out that the order in which some predecessors of Khufu... Netjerikhet Djoser (Turin King List Dsr-it; Manetho Tosarthros) is the best-known pharaoh of the Third dynasty of Egypt, for commissioning his vizier Imhotep to build his Step Pyramid at Saqqara. ...

4th Dynasty

The Fourth dynasty of Egypt was the second of the four dynasties considered forming the Old Kingdom. ... Sneferu, also spelt as Snefru or Snofru (in Greek known as Soris), was the founder of the Fourth dynasty of Egypt, reigning from around 2613 BC to 2589 BC. The father of Egypts most famous pyramid builder, Khufu, Sneferu was actually more prolific than his heir, being responsible first... Khufus Cartouche Khufu (in Greek known as Cheops) was a Pharaoh of Ancient Egypts Old Kingdom. ... Khafra (Greek Chephren) was an Egyptian pharaoh of the Fourth dynasty, with his capital at Memphis. ... Menkaura (Greek Mycerinus) was a pharaoh of the Fourth dynasty of Egypt (ca. ...

5th Dynasty

The Fifth Dynasty of Egypt is considered part of the Old Kingdom of Ancient Egypt. ... Unas (also Wenis, Oenas, Unis, or Ounas) was a Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt, the last king of the Fifth dynasty. ...

6th Dynasty

The Sixth Dynasty of Egypt is considered by many authorities as the last dynasty of the Old Kingdom of Ancient Egypt, although The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt (ed. ... Teti was the first Pharaoh of the Sixth dynasty of Egypt. ... Userkara (The Soul of Ra is Strong) was the second king of the Sixth Dynasty. ... A ruler of the Sixth dynasty in Egypts Old Kingdom, Pepi II Neferkares birth name was Pepi or Pepy. ...

First Intermediate Period

The First Intermediate Period is the name conventionally given by Egyptologists to that period in Ancient Egyptian history between the end of the Old Kingdom and the advent of the Middle Kingdom. ...

7th Dynasty

This article has recently been written with incorrect information that actually corresponds with the Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt ... Manetho or Manethon of Sebennytos, (ca. ...

8th Dynasty

The last shadowy pharaohs of the Old Kingdom period, probably having a very limited nominal authority in and around the capital of Memphis, Egypt, the real power now in the hands of the nobility (nomarchs). ... Qakare Ibi was an ancient Egyptian ruler of the 8th Dynasty. ...

Kings with Unknown Position

9th and 10th Dynasties 2135-1986

The Ninth Dynasty was founded at Hereklepolis by Meryibra, and the Tenth Dynasty continued there. ... Categories: Articles to be expanded ...

11th Dynasty

Manethos statement that the Eleventh dynasty consisted of 16 kings who reigned 43 years is contradicted by contemporary inscriptions and the evidence of the Turin King List, whose combined testimony proves that it consisted of seven kings who ruled about 160 years. ...

Middle Kingdom

The Middle Kingdom is a period in the history of ancient Egypt stretching from the establishment of the Eleventh dynasty to the end of the Fourteenth dynasty, roughly between 1986 BC and 1633 BC. The Beginning The Middle Kingdom is usually dated to when Pharaoh Mentuhotep II from Thebes defeated...

11th Dynasty (continued)

Unknown Position

12th Dynasty

The chronology of the Twelfth dynasty is the most stable of any period before the New Kingdom. ...

Second Intermediate Period

The Second Intermediate Period marks a period when Ancient Egypt once again fell into disarray between the end of the Middle Kingdom, and the start of the New Kingdom. ...

13th Dynasty

21 kings for about 63 years then Unlike as explained as being chaos and disorder by later texts, the Thriteenth dynasty wasnt as bad as once thought. ...

14th Dynasty

About 76 minor kings of the Delta, contemporary with the second half of the 13th dynasty. Categories: Articles to be expanded ...

15th Dynasty 1633-1525

This is the first Hyksos dynasty, ruling from Itjawy, without control of the entire country. ...

16th Dynasty

32 minor kings contemporary with the 15th and 17th dynasties. Categories: Articles to be expanded ...

17th Dynasty 1606-1539

About 15 kings in all, contemporary with the 15th dynasty, the last three being Categories: Articles to be expanded ...

New Kingdom

The New Kingdom period of Egyptian history is the period between the 16th century BC and the 11th century BC, covering the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth dynasty of Egypt. ...

18th Dynasty

The Eighteenth Dynasty is perhaps the most famous of all the dynasties of Ancient Egypt. ... nomen or birth name Ahmose I (also known as Amasis I) was a pharaoh of ancient Egypt and the founder of the Eighteenth dynasty. ... nomen or birth name Djeserkare Amenhotep I (died 1504 BC) was the second Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty of Egypt. ... nomen or birth name Aakheperkare Thutmose I ( ? – 1492 BC; sometimes spelled Thutmosis) was the 3rd Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty of Egypt. ... nomen or birth name Akheperenre Thutmose II (d. ... A statue of Hatshepsut commissioned without the false beard. ... nomen or birth name Granite statue of Pharaoh Thutmose III Thutmose III (also written as Tuthmosis III; called Manahpi(r)ya in the Amarna letters) (d. ... nomen or birth name Aakheperure Amenhotep II (d. ... nomen or birth name Menkheperura Thutmose IV (died 1390 BC; sometimes spelled Thutmosis) was the 8th Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty of Egypt. ... Amenhotep III, Ägyptisches Museum, Berlin The northern Colossus of Memnon Amenhotep III (called Nibmu(`w)areya in the Amarna letters) was an Egyptian pharaoh of the XVIIIth dynasty. ... Bust of Pharaoh Akhenaten. ... Nefertiti was the wife of the Egyptian Pharaoh Amenhotep IV (later Akhenaten), and mother-in-law of the Pharaoh Tutankhamun. ... Smenkhkare (sometimes spelled Smenkhare and Smenkare; meaning Strong is the Soul of Ra) was a Pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty, successor of the heretic Akhenaten, and predecessor of Tutankhamen. ... Tutankhamuns funeral mask. ... nomen or birth name Kheperkheprure Ay (occasionally Ai) was the penultimate Pharaoh of Ancient Egypts 18th dynasty. ... nomen or birth name Horemheb was the last Pharaoh of Ancient Egypts 18th Dynasty. ...

19th Dynasty

History of Ancient Egypt, Nineteenth Dynasty The Nineteenth Dynasty was founded by the soldier Ramesses I, to whom Pharaoh Horemheb willed the throne. ... nomen or birth name Menpehtyre Ramesses I was the founding Pharaoh of Egypts 19th dynasty. ... Shabti of Seti, from his tomb in the Valley of the Kings Seti I was a pharaoh of Ancient Egypt (Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt), the son of Rameses I and Queen Sitre and later the father of Rameses II. According to some historians, he reigned between 1291 BC and 1278... Ramesses II, Abu Simbel Ramesses II (also known as Ramesses the Great and alternatively transcribed as Ramses and Rameses) was an Egyptian pharaoh. ...

20th Dynasty

History of Ancient Egypt, Twentieth Dynasty The Twentieth Dynasty was founded by Setnakhte, but its only important member was Rameses III, who modelled his career after Rameses II the Great. ... Setnakhte (also Sethnakhte) was the first Pharaoh (1188 BC-1186 BC) of the Twentieth Dynasty of the New Kingdom of Ancient Egypt. ... Osirid statues of Ramses III at Karnak. ... Ramses IV was the third pharaoh of the Twentieth Dynasty of the New Kingdom of Ancient Egypt. ... Ramesses V (also written Ramses and Rameses) (reigned 1150 BC to 1145 BC) was the fourth pharaoh of the Twentieth dynasty of Egypt. ... Ramesses VI (also written Ramses and Rameses) (reigned 1145 BC to 1137 BC) was the fifth ruler of the Twentieth dynasty of Egypt and his tomb, KV9, is located near King Tutankhamens in the Valley of the Kings. ... Ramesses VII (also written Ramses and Rameses) (reigned 1137 BC to 1129 BC) was the sixth pharaoh of the 20th dynasty of Ancient Egypt. ... Ramesses VIII (also written Ramses and Rameses) Sutekhikhopshef (died 1129 BC) was the seventh Pharaoh of the Twentieth Dynasty of the New Kingdom of Ancient Egypt and is believed to have been a son of Ramesses III. Current information available on his reign shows that he reigned less than one... Ramses IX (1129 – 1111 BC) was the eighth king of the Twentieth dynasty of Egypt. ... Ramses X Amonhirkhepeshef (1108 - 1104 BC) was the ninth ruler of the Twentieth dynasty of Egypt. ... Ramses XI (reigned 1104 – 1075 BC) was the tenth and last ruler of the Twentieth dynasty of Ancient Egypt. ...

Third Intermediate Period

The Third Intermediate Period is a phrase used to refer the period of the history of Ancient Egypt from the death of pharaoh Rameses XI in 1070 BC to the foundation of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty by Psamtik I, following the expulsion of the Nubian rulers of the Twenty-fifth...

Tanite 21st Dynasty

After the reign of Ramases III, a long, slow decline of power in Egypt followed. ... nomen or birth name Psusennes II [Greek Ψουσέννης], or Hor-Pasebakhaenniut III [Egyptian ḥr-p3-sb3-ḫˁỉ-<n>-nỉwt], is the final king of the Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt. ...

Theban 21st Dynasty

After the reign of Ramases III, a long, slow decline of power in Egypt followed. ... Herihor was an Egyptian army officer and high priest of Amun at Thebes (1080 BC to 1074 BC) in the reign of Pharaoh Ramesses XI. Herihor advanced through the ranks of the military during the reign of Ramesses XI and was integral to restoring order by ousting Pinhasy, viceroy of... Pinedjem I was the high priest of Amun at Thebes in Ancient Egypt 1070 BC to 1032 and de facto ruler of the south of the country. ... Menkheperre was the high priest of Amun at Thebes in Ancient Egypt 1045 BC to 992 BC and de facto ruler of the south of the country. ... Psusennes III (also known as Pasebakhaennuit III) was the High Priest of Amun (1080 - 945 BC) at the end of the Twenty-first dynasty of Egypt. ...

22nd Dynasty

The twenty-second (22nd) dynasty ruled between 945 BC or 943 BC and 720 BC. Their kings were Meshwesh Libyans who had settled in Egypt since the 20th dynasty). ... nomen or birth name Shoshenq I (or Sheshonk I â€“ for discussion of the spelling, see Shoshenq; Egyptian Å¡Å¡nq], was a Meshwesh Libyan king of Egypt and founder of the Twenty-second Dynasty. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Osorkon II was pharaoh of Ancient Egypt between 872 BC to 837 BC. Osorkon succeeded his father Takelot I to the throne of Egypt and initially ruled all of Egypt. ... Takelot II was a http://en. ...

23rd Dynasty

The 23rd dynasty was a separate regime of Meshwesh Libyan kings who ruled ancient Egypt. ... Pedubastis I (fl. ...

24th Dynasty

History of Ancient Egypt, Twenty-fourth Dynasty The Twenty-fourth was a short-lived dynasty with its capital at Sais in the western Nile Delta. ... Tefnakhte (in Greek known as Tnephachthos), was a Libyan-descended king and founder of the relatively short Twenty-fourth dynasty of Egypt. ... Bakenrenef (also known by the Greek form of his name, Bocchoris) was a king of the Twenty_fourth dynasty of Egypt. ...

25th Dynasty

The Twenty-fifth dynasty of Ancient Egypt originated in Kush at the city-state of Napata, from whence they invaded and took control of Egypt under Piye (spelled Pinakhi in older works). ... Piye (whose name once was transliterated as Piankhi) (died 716 BC) was a Kushite king. ... Shabaka was a pharaoh between (721 BC - 707/706 BC) of the Twenty-fifth dynasty of Egypt, succeeding his brother Piankhi I/(Piye). ... Shebitku was the third king of the Twenty-fifth dynasty of Egypt and ruled from (707/706 BC-690 BC). ... Taharqa (also spelled Tirhakah, Taharka, Manethos Tarakos) was king of Egypt, and a member of the Nubian or 25th dynasty, whose reign is usually dated 690 BC to 664 BC. He was also the son of Piye, the Nubian king of Napata who previously conquered Egypt. ... Tanutamani (died 653 BC) was king of Egypt (664 BC to 656 BC), and a member of the Nubian or 25th dynasty. ...

26th Dynasty

The Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt was the last native dynasty to rule Egypt before the Persian conquest, and had its capital was Sais. ... Necho I (circa 672 – 664 BC) was governor of the Egyptian city of Sais. ... Centuries: 8th century BC - 7th century BC - 6th century BC Decades: 720s BC 710s BC 700s BC 690s BC 680s BC - 670s BC - 660s BC 650s BC 640s BC 630s BC 620s BC Events and Trends 677 BC - Death of Zhou li wang, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China. ... Centuries: 8th century BC - 7th century BC - 6th century BC Decades: 710s BC 700s BC 690s BC 680s BC 670s BC - 660s BC - 650s BC 640s BC 630s BC 620s BC 610s BC Events and Trends 668 BC - Egypt revolts against Assyria 668 BC - Assurbanipal succeeds Esarhaddon as king of...

Late Period

26th Dynasty (continued)

Categories: Ancient Egypt | Chronology The Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt was the last native dynasty to rule Egypt before the Persian conquest, and had its capital was Sais. ... Psammetichus, or Psamtik I, was the first of three kings of the Saite, or Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt (664 - 610 BC). ... Centuries: 8th century BC - 7th century BC - 6th century BC Decades: 710s BC 700s BC 690s BC 680s BC 670s BC - 660s BC - 650s BC 640s BC 630s BC 620s BC 610s BC Events and Trends 668 BC - Egypt revolts against Assyria 668 BC - Assurbanipal succeeds Esarhaddon as king of... Centuries: 8th century BC - 7th century BC - 6th century BC Decades: 660s BC 650s BC 640s BC 630s BC 620s BC - 610s BC - 600s BC 590s BC 580s BC 570s BC 560s BC Events and Trends 619 BC - Alyattes becomes king of Lydia 619 BC _ Death of Zhou xiang... Nekau II (also known as Necho II) was a king of the Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt (610 - 595 BC), and the son of Psammetichus I. He played a significant role in the histories of Assyrian Empire, Babylonia and Kingdom of Judah. ... Centuries: 8th century BC - 7th century BC - 6th century BC Decades: 660s BC 650s BC 640s BC 630s BC 620s BC - 610s BC - 600s BC 590s BC 580s BC 570s BC 560s BC Events and Trends 619 BC - Alyattes becomes king of Lydia 619 BC _ Death of Zhou xiang... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 640s BC 630s BC 620s BC 610s BC 600s BC - 590s BC - 580s BC 570s BC 560s BC 550s BC 540s BC Events and Trends 598 BC - Jehoaichin succeeds Jehoiakim as King of Judah 598 BC - Babylonians capture Jerusalem... Psammetichus II (also spelled Psammeticus, Psammetich, and Psamtik II) was a king of the Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt (595 - 589 BC). ... Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC - 50s BC - 40s BC 30s BC 20s BC 10s BC 0s BC Years: 64 BC 63 BC 62 BC 61 BC 60 BC 59 BC 58 BC 57 BC 56... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 620s BC - 610s BC - 600s BC - 590s BC - 580s BC - 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC Events and Trends 589 BC - Apries succeeds Psammetichus II as king of Egypt 588 BC _ Nebuchadnezzar II of... Apries (Egyptian Haaibre) was a pharaoh of Egypt, (589 - 570 BC) of the Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt. ... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 620s BC - 610s BC - 600s BC - 590s BC - 580s BC - 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC Events and Trends 589 BC - Apries succeeds Psammetichus II as king of Egypt 588 BC _ Nebuchadnezzar II of... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 620s BC 610s BC 600s BC 590s BC 580s BC - 570s BC - 560s BC 550s BC 540s BC 530s BC 520s BC Events and Trends 579 BC - Servius Tullius succeeds the assassinated Lucius Tarquinius Priscus as king of Rome. ... Amasis II (also Ahmose or Ah-mes) was a pharaoh (570 - 526 BC) of the 26th dynasty, the successor of Wahibre. ... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 620s BC 610s BC 600s BC 590s BC 580s BC - 570s BC - 560s BC 550s BC 540s BC 530s BC 520s BC Events and Trends 579 BC - Servius Tullius succeeds the assassinated Lucius Tarquinius Priscus as king of Rome. ... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC - 520s BC - 510s BC - 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC - 470s BC Events 529 BC - Cambyses II succeeds his father Cyrus as ruler of Persia. ... nomen or birth name Ankhkaenre Psammetichus III (Psamtik III) was the last Pharaoh of the Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt, 526 BC–525 BC. He was defeated by king Cambyses II of Persia at Pelusium, carried to Susa in chains and executed. ... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC - 520s BC - 510s BC - 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC - 470s BC Events 529 BC - Cambyses II succeeds his father Cyrus as ruler of Persia. ... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC - 520s BC - 510s BC - 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC - 470s BC Events 529 BC - Cambyses II succeeds his father Cyrus as ruler of Persia. ...

Contents

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