Cooperative farming is a system, in which farmers pool their resources for cooperation in certain areas, such as purchase of supplies (seeds, fertilizers, etc.) and services, or produce distribution and marketing. It is sometimes referred to as agricultural cooperation, although the latter term may have a non-specialized meaning of "cooperation in the area of agriculture." Farmer spreading grasshopper bait in his alfalfa field. ... Co-operation refers to the practice of people or greater entities working in common with commonly agreed-upon goals and possibly methods, instead of working separately in competition. ... Categories: Substubs | Food and drink stubs ...
The term should be distinguished from collective farming, in which farmers pool nearly all reasources, including labor, land, or produce itself. At the same time some economists consider collective farming as a special, although extreme, case of cooperative farming. Collective farming is an organizational unit in agriculture in which peasants are not paid wages, but rather receive a share of the farms net output. ...
Collective farming is an organizational unit in agriculture in which peasants are not paid wages, but rather receive a share of the farm's net output.
It was hoped that the goals of collectivization could be achieved voluntarily, but when the new farms failed to attract the number of peasants hoped, the government blamed the oppression of the kulaks and resorted to forceful implementation of the plan.
Most of the cooperatives had problems competing with technologically advanced foreign competition and were unable to obtain investment to improve their situation.