Cork Harbour is the second largest natural harbour in the world by navigational area. A natural harbour and river estuary at the mouth of the River Lee in County Cork, Republic of Ireland. A harbor (or harbour) or haven is a place where ships may shelter from the weather or are stored. ... Estuaries and coastal waters are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, providing numerous ecological, economic, cultural, and aesthetic benefits and services. ... The River Lee is a river in the Republic of Ireland, flowing through County Cork and Cork city, before draining into Cork Harbour on Irelands south coast. ... County Cork (Contae Chorcaí in Irish) is the most southwesterly and the largest of the modern counties of Ireland. ...

Population

Cork City is located slightly upstream on the River Lee on the northwest corner of Cork Harbour. Several of the city's suburbs, including Blackrock, Mahon, Douglas and Rochestown lie on Lough Mahon or the Douglas Estuary, both of which are parts of Upper Cork Harbour. The River Lee is a river in the Republic of Ireland, flowing through County Cork and Cork city, before draining into Cork Harbour on Irelands south coast. ... Housing subdivision near Union, Kentucky, a suburb of Cincinnati, Ohio. ... Mahon is an area to the eastern side of Cork City. ... Douglas (Irish: Dúglas) is a suburb of Cork City that is situated 4km south of Cork City in Ireland. ...

The Lower Harbour has many towns around its shores. Passage West, Monkstown, Ringaskiddy and the smaller village of Raffeen are found on the western shore. On the southwestern shore is Crosshaven. Great Island, which forms the norther shore of the lower harbour houses the town of Cobh. The eastern shore is less densely populated, but has two villages Whitegate and Aghada. Passage West is a town in County Cork in the Republic of Ireland, situated east of Cork, facing Cork Harbour. ... Monkstown (Baile an Mhanaigh in Irish) is a village in County Cork, Ireland, situated southwest of Cork city. ... Ringaskiddy (Irish: Rinn an Scidígh) is a village south of Cork city, in County Cork, Ireland. ... A village is a human residential settlement commonly found in rural areas. ... Crosshaven (Bun an Tabhairne in Irish) is a village in County Cork, Ireland, famous for its Royal Cork Yacht Club. ... Great Island (Oileann Mor an Barraigh in Irish) is the name of an island in Cork Harbour, just outside Cork city, at the mouth of the River Lee. ... Main street in Bastrop, Texas, a small town A town is a residential community of people ranging from a few hundred to several thousands, although it may be applied loosely even to huge metropolitan areas. ... Cathedral of St. ...

The village of Ballinacurra is found on the northeastern spur of the harbour, known as the Ballynacorra River. Due to the recent expansion of the town of Midleton, Ballinacurra has effectively become a suburb of Midleton, so it could also be said that Midleton lies on Cork Harbour. Midleton is a town in south-eastern County Cork, in the Republic of Ireland. ...

Islands

Cork Harbour houses a large number of islands. The inhabited islands include:

• Great Island - The largest island in Cork Harbour with a population of over 10,000; it includes the sizeable town of Cobh. There is also significant agricultural activity on the island.
• Fota Island - Containing Fota Wildlife Park, Fota Golf Course and Fota House
• Little Island - A residential and industrial area
• Haulbowline Island - The headquarters of the Irish Navy
• Spike Island - A prison island

Great Island (Oileann Mor an Barraigh in Irish) is the name of an island in Cork Harbour, just outside Cork city, at the mouth of the River Lee. ... Cathedral of St. ... Fota Island is a small island in Cork harbour, Ireland, just north of the larger island of Cóbh. ... Little Island is an industrial and residential area to the east of Cork City. ... Haulbowline is an island in Cork Harbour. ... External links Official website Current ships History Categories: Ireland-related stubs | Navies | Irish Defence Forces | Irish Naval Service ... Spike Island, County Cork, Ireland, is a small island in the approaches to Cork. ...

Military

Cork Harbour hosts the headquarters of the Irish Navy. Prior to the transfer of the treaty ports, Cork Harbour was an important base for the Royal Navy. External links Official website Current ships History Categories: Ireland-related stubs | Navies | Irish Defence Forces | Irish Naval Service ... Nanking, August 29, 1842, Peace Treaty between the Queen of Great Britain and the Emperor of China The Treaty of Nanking (南京條約) is the agreement which marked the end of the First Opium War between the United Kingdom and China. ... The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the senior service of the British armed services, being the oldest of its three branches. ...

The first fortifications were built in Cork Harbour in the 17th century, although these were primarily to protect Cork City. In the 18th century, fortifications were built on Haulbowline Island to protect the anchorage in Cobh. Fort Camden and Fort Carlisle at opposite sides of the harbour entrance were built during the American War of Independence. WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 51. ... Haulbowline is an island in Cork Harbour. ... Cathedral of St. ... The American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a war fought primarily between Great Britain and revolutionaries within thirteen of her North American colonies. ...

However, the harbour's military significance began during the Napoleonic Wars when the naval establishment in Kinsale was transferred to Cork Harbour. The harbour became an important anchorage, which could be used to guard the entrance to the English Channel and maintain the blockade of France. At this time, the naval dockyard on Haulbowline Island was constructed as well as a fort on Spike Island (later to become Fort Westmoreland) and a number of Martello Towers around the harbour. Combatants Allies: • United Kingdom, • Prussia, • Austria, • Sweden, • Russia • France • Denmark-Norway • Poland Casualties Full list Full list The Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars fought during Napoleon Bonapartes rule over France. ... Market Street in Kinsale, one of the towns oldest thoroughfares Kinsale (Cionn tSáile in Irish) is a town in County Cork, Ireland. ... Satellite view of the English Channel The English Channel (French: La Manche, IPA: , the sleeve), also for some time known in England as the British Sea, is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean that separates the island of Great Britain from northern France, and joins the North Sea to the... Haulbowline is an island in Cork Harbour. ... Spike Island, County Cork, Ireland, is a small island in the approaches to Cork. ... Martello towers are small defensive forts built by the British Empire at the time of the Napoleonic Wars. ...

The fortifications were developed throughout the 19th century and a further fort, Fort Templebreedy, was added to the south of Fort Camden at the beginning of the 20th century..

At the time of Irish independence, Cork Harbour was included, along with Berehaven and Lough Swilly, in a list of British naval establishments that would remain under the control of the Royal Navy, although, the naval dockyard on Haulbowline Island was handed over to the Irish Free State in 1923. Castletownbere (Baile Chaisleáin Bhéarra in Irish) is a town in County Cork, Republic of Ireland. ... Lough Swilly (Loch Súilí in Irish) in Ireland is a fjord-like body of water lying between the eastern side of the Inishowen Peninsula in County Donegal and the rest of northern Donegal. ... The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the senior service of the British armed services, being the oldest of its three branches. ... Haulbowline is an island in Cork Harbour. ... The Irish Free State (Irish: Saorstát Éireann) was (1922–1937) the name of the state comprising the 26 of Irelands 32 counties which were separated from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland under the Irish Free State Agreement (or Anglo-Irish Treaty) signed by British and...

Although, the Royal Navy appreciated the location of Cork Harbour, particularly for submarines, which had a significantly shorter range in the 1920s, maintenance of the fortification became a problem as soon as Ireland had become independent. The political uncertainty over the future of the treaty ports meant that the British government was not inclined to invest in their upgrade. Also, at the time of their construction, nobody had considered the possibility of air attack and as they were unable to expand, there was no possibility of adding adequate air cover. Finally, if the Irish Free State was hostile during any conflict, the treaty ports would have to be supplied by sea rather than land, wasting resources. The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the senior service of the British armed services, being the oldest of its three branches. ... Nanking, August 29, 1842, Peace Treaty between the Queen of Great Britain and the Emperor of China The Treaty of Nanking (南京條約) is the agreement which marked the end of the First Opium War between the United Kingdom and China. ... The Irish Free State (Irish: Saorstát Éireann) was (1922–1937) the name of the state comprising the 26 of Irelands 32 counties which were separated from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland under the Irish Free State Agreement (or Anglo-Irish Treaty) signed by British and... Nanking, August 29, 1842, Peace Treaty between the Queen of Great Britain and the Emperor of China The Treaty of Nanking (南京條約) is the agreement which marked the end of the First Opium War between the United Kingdom and China. ...

In March 1938, the British government announced that the treaty ports would be handed over to Ireland unconditionally. On July 11, 1938, the defences at Cork Harbour were handed over to the Irish military authorities at a ceremony attended by taoiseach Eamon de Valera. Look up March in Wiktionary, the free dictionary March is the third month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of seven Gregorian months with the length of 31 days. ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Nanking, August 29, 1842, Peace Treaty between the Queen of Great Britain and the Emperor of China The Treaty of Nanking (南京條約) is the agreement which marked the end of the First Opium War between the United Kingdom and China. ... July 11 is the 192nd day (193rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 173 days remaining. ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Taoiseach (plural: Taoisigh) or, more formally, An Taoiseach, is the head of government of the Republic of Ireland and the leader of the Irish cabinet. ... Eamon de Valera (born Edward George de Valera, sometimes Gaelicised Éamon de Bhailéara; October 14, 1882 – August 29, 1975), was an Irish politician, best known as a leader of Irelands struggle for independence from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in the early 20th century, and...

Since, being handed over to the Irish military most of the military installations have become unused. Fort Carlisle was renamed Fort Davis and is no longer in use. Fort Camden became Fort Meagher and has also gone out of use. Fort Westmoreland became Fort Mitchell Spike Island prison, but is currently out of service. However, the fortifications on Haulbowline Island have been maintained an are now the headquarters of the Irish Navy. Spike Island, County Cork, Ireland, is a small island in the approaches to Cork. ... Haulbowline is an island in Cork Harbour. ... External links Official website Current ships History Categories: Ireland-related stubs | Navies | Irish Defence Forces | Irish Naval Service ...

Industry

Cork Harbour is one of the most important industrial areas in Ireland. While many older industries such as shipbuilding at Verolme Dockyards, steel-making on Haulbowline Island and fertiliser manufacturing at NET (Nitrigen Eireann Teoranta) have declined or ceased in recent years, they have been replaced with newer industries and Cork Harbour is now significant at a worldwide level within the pharmaceutical industry. Major international firms such as Pfizer, Novartis and Janssen (a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson) are significant employers in the region. There are in excess of 100 other pharmaceutical firms operating in the Cork Harbour area. The principal centres of the pharmaceutical industry are Little Island and Ringaskiddy Men from Francisco de Orellanas expedition building a small brigantine, the San Pedro, to be used in the search for food Shipbuilding is the construction of ships. ... Haulbowline is an island in Cork Harbour. ... Fertilizers are chemicals given to plants with the intention of promoting growth; they are usually applied either via the soil or by foliar spraying. ... Pharmacology (in Greek: pharmacon is drug, and logos is science) is the study of how chemical substances interfere with living systems. ... Pfizer, Incorporated (NYSE: PFE), is a global pharmaceutical company, with headquarters in New York City. ... Novartis International AG is a multinational pharmaceutical company based in Basel, Switzerland. ... Johnson & Johnson NYSE: JNJ is an international pharmaceutical, medical devices and consumer packaged goods manufacturer founded in 1885. ... Johnson & Johnson NYSE: JNJ is an international pharmaceutical, medical devices and consumer packaged goods manufacturer founded in 1885. ... Pharmacology (in Greek: pharmacon is drug, and logos is science) is the study of how chemical substances interfere with living systems. ... Little Island is an industrial and residential area to the east of Cork City. ... Ringaskiddy (Irish: Rinn an Scidígh) is a village south of Cork city, in County Cork, Ireland. ...

Marine Activity

Commercial

Vessels up to 90,000 DWT are capable of coming through the harbour entrance. As the shipping channels get shallower access is further restricted so that only vessels of 60,000 DWT can come into the harbour above Cobh. Cathedral of St. ...

The Port of Cork provides pilotage and towage facilities for vessels entering Cork Harbour. All vessels accessing the quays in Cork City must be piloted and all vessels exceeding 130m in length must be piloted once they have passed within 2.5 Nautical Miles of the harbour entrance. WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 51. ... A nautical mile is a unit of length. ...

The Port of Cork has berthing facilities at Cork City, Tivoli, Cobh and Ringaskiddy. The facilities in Cork City are primarily used for grain and oil transport. Tivoli provides container handling, facilities for oil, livestock and ore and a Ro-Ro (Roll on-roll off) ramp. Prior to the opening of Ringaskiddy Ferry Port, car ferries sailed from here; now, the Ro-Ro ramp is used by companies importing cars into Ireland. In addition to the ferry terminal, Ringaskiddy has a deep water port. Recently, the Port of Cork has announced plans to develop a container terminal at Ringaskiddy. WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 51. ... Cathedral of St. ... Ringaskiddy (Irish: Rinn an Scidígh) is a village south of Cork city, in County Cork, Ireland. ...

There are a number of private berths around the harbour. These are usually associated with a particular industry. Such, berths can be found in Whitegate, Passage West, Rushbrooke, Ringaskiddy and Haulbowline Passage West is a town in County Cork in the Republic of Ireland, situated east of Cork, facing Cork Harbour. ... Ringaskiddy (Irish: Rinn an Scidígh) is a village south of Cork city, in County Cork, Ireland. ... Haulbowline is an island in Cork Harbour. ...

Recreational

The Royal Cork Yacht Club - the world's oldest - is based in Crosshaven. There is another marina at East Ferry on Great Island. Small facilities at Monkstown and Blackrock are used for boating, canoeing, windsurfing and jet-skiing. A number of rowing clubs have facilities on the part of the River Lee between Cork City and Tivoli. Crosshaven (Bun an Tabhairne in Irish) is a village in County Cork, Ireland, famous for its Royal Cork Yacht Club. ... Great Island (Oileann Mor an Barraigh in Irish) is the name of an island in Cork Harbour, just outside Cork city, at the mouth of the River Lee. ... Monkstown (Baile an Mhanaigh in Irish) is a village in County Cork, Ireland, situated southwest of Cork city. ... Canoeing is the recreational or sporting activity of paddling a canoe or kayak. ... Windsurfing (also called boardsailing) is a sport involving travel over water on a small 2-4. ... Pump-jet PWCs such as this Yamaha Waverunner are extremely popular for their high speed and maneuverability. ... Rowing refers to several forms of physical activity: For rowing boats in general, see Watercraft rowing. ... Bow Creek (tidal) meets the Limehouse Cut (canal) with a view of Londons Docklands The River Lee or River Lea (both spellings are in general use) is a river in England. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 51. ...

External links

• Satellite Photo of Cork Harbour
• Port of Cork
• View from Cobh View of Cork Harbour from Cobh and further information on Spike Island