The Ancient and Medieval cosmos as depicted in Peter Apian's Cosmographia (Antwerp, 1539).

In its most general sense, a cosmos is an orderly or harmonious system. It originates from a Greek term κόσμος meaning "order, orderly arrangement, ornaments," and is the antithetical concept of chaos. The word cosmetics originates from the same root. Image File history File links Ptolemaicsystem-small. ... Image File history File links Ptolemaicsystem-small. ... Apianus on an 18th century engraving Petrus Apianus (April 16, 1495 – April 21, 1552; also known as Peter Apian) was a German humanist, famous for his works in mathematics, astronomy and cartography. ... Events May 30 - In Florida, Hernando de Soto lands at Tampa Bay with 600 soldiers with the goal to find gold. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... For other uses, see Cosmetic. ...

Pythagoras is said to have been the first philosopher to apply the term to the Universe, perhaps from application to the starry firmament. The term so used is parallel to the Zoroastrian term aša, the concept of a divine order, or divinely ordered creation. Pythagoras of Samos (Greek: ; circa 580 BC – circa 500 BC) was an Ionian (Greek) mathematician, astronomer, scientist and philosopher,[1] founder of the mathematical, mystic, religious, and scientific society called Pythagoreans. ... Universe is a word derived from the Old French univers, which in turn comes from the Latin roots unus (one) and versus (a form of vertere, to turn). Based on observations of the observable universe, physicists attempt to describe the whole of space-time, including all matter and energy and... Zoroastrianism (Avestan Daênâ Vañuhi the good religion)[1][2] is the religion and philosophy based on the teachings ascribed to the prophet Zoroaster (Zarathustra, Zartosht). ... Avestan asha (; Old Persian arta, Middle Persian ard) is a central principle of Zoroastrianism, representing truth, justice or order. The opposite of asha is druj (Old Persian drauga), representing untruth, chaos. // Avestan and its Vedic equivalent both derive from Proto-Indo-Iranian *árta truth, which derives from Proto-Indo-European...

In theology the term can be used to denote the created universe, not including God. The Septuagint uses both kosmos and oikumene for the inhabited world. In Christian theology, the word was also used synonymously with aion to refer to "worldly life, this world" as opposed to the afterlife. In philosophical use the word "absolute", cosmos and universe can be employed synonymously to include all that exists. In physical sense it is often used in a technical way, referring to a space-time continuum; see physical cosmology. Theology (Greek θεος, theos, God, + λογια, logia, words, sayings, or discourse) is reasoned discourse concerning religion, spirituality and God or the gods. ... Look up Creation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... The Septuagint: A page from Codex vaticanus, the basis of Sir Lancelot Charles Lee Brentons English translation. ... Oikumene is Hellenistic Greek word which was used to refer to the known world in Alexander The Greats Hellenistic Age. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... The Absolute is the totality of things, all that is, whether it has been discovered or not. ... There is no universally accepted theory of what the word existence means. ... Physical cosmology, as a branch of astrophysics, is the study of the large-scale structure of the universe and is concerned with fundamental questions about its formation and evolution. ...

Cosmology refers to the study of the cosmos in several of the above meanings, depending on context. Cosmology, from the Greek: κοσμολογία (cosmologia, κόσμος (cosmos) order + λογια (logia) discourse) is the study of the Universe in its totality, and by extension, humanitys place in it. ...

The philosopher Ken Wilber uses the term kosmos to refer to all of manifest existence, including various realms of consciousness. The term kosmos so used distinguishes a nondual universe (which, on his view, includes both noetic and physical aspects) from the strictly physical universe that is the concern of the traditional sciences. Ken Wilber Kenneth Earl Wilber Jr. ... Medical Meaning The symptoms or observable conditions which are seen as a result of some disease. ... Consciousness is a quality of the mind generally regarded to comprise qualities such as subjectivity, self-awareness, sentience, sapience, and the ability to perceive the relationship between oneself and ones environment. ... A nondual philosophical or religious perspective or theory maintains that there is no fundamental distinction between mind and matter. ... In philosophy and religion, the word noetic, from the Greek νοῦς (nous) is usually translated as mind, understanding, intellect, or reason. Most dictionaries define the term noetic as a synonym of mental or intellectual. ... Galunggung in 1982, showing a combination of natural events. ...

See also

• Cosmology
• Cosmography
• Macrocosm and microcosm
• Cosmos (Carl Sagan's television documentary series)