The Serpent Society is a fictional organization of snake-themed supervillains in the Marvel Comics universe. The group was initially formed from the membership of a previous supervillain team, the Serpent Squad. The group, like its predecessor, has been made up of longtime antagonists of Captain America and other members of The Avengers.

The membership of the Serpent Society has included:

• Anaconda (Blanche Sitnizki), who has superhumanly strong tentacle-like arms that she uses to constrict her foes. She apparently died in a tournament held by Mister X, but later reappeared.
• Asp (Cleo Nefertiti), who can fire electrical blasts that can stun or paralyze living beings. When Diamondback left the Society, Asp and Black Mamba followed.
• Black Mamba (Tanya Sweet), who can generate images of one's desires from the mysterious Darkforce. When Diamondback left the Society, Asp and Black Mamba followed. Black Mamba later joined the Crimson Cowl's Masters of Evil.
• Bushmaster
• Coachwhip, a woman who wielded whips.
• Cobra (Klaus Voorhees), a longtime Thor foe and partner of Mister Hyde. He possesses a great degree of flexibility, can contort his body into almost any shape, and is a skilled wrestler. When the Sidewinder retired, the Cobra became King Cobra and led the group.
• Copperhead
• Death Adder
• Diamondback, an acrobat who used diamond-shaped throwing blades. She defected from the team and eventually became the partner and lover of Captain America. A Diamondback-lookalike android was recently seen as an ally of the Red Skull.
• Puff Adder, a man who could breathe various debilitative gases. He was a member of Doctor Octopus's Masters of Evil.
• Rattler
• Rock Python
• Sidewinder (Seth Voelker), who possessed a cloak that allowed him to teleport himself and a companion. He was the group's leader until Diamondback defected and the Viper's Serpent Squad infiltrated the Society, after which he retired and left leadership to the Cobra. Sidewinder was apparently killed once, but has since reappeared.

Several other serpent-themed supervillain rejected membership, including the Viper, Princess Python of the Circus of Crime, and the Constrictor. Sidewinder himself rejected getting the Society involved in the "Acts of Vengeance" organized by Loki.