NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Count Camillo Benso di Cavour

Count Camillo Benso di Cavour (Turin, August 10, 1810 - Santena, near Turin, June 6, 1861) was a statesman who was a leading figure in the movement toward Italian unification and the first Prime Minister of the new Kingdom of Italy. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2024x2508, 217 KB) Description: Title: de: PortrÃ¤t des Camillo Benso di Cavour Technique: de: Ã–l auf Leinwand Dimensions: de: 79 Ã— 64 cm Country of origin: de: Italien Current location (city): de: Mailand Current location (gallery): de: Pinacoteca di Brera Other... March 23 is the 82nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (83rd in Leap years). ... June 6 is the 157th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (158th in leap years), with 208 days remaining. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Bettino, baron Ricasoli (March 29, 1809 - October 23, 1880), Italian statesman, was born at Broglio. ... August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... June 6 is the 157th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (158th in leap years), with 208 days remaining. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Turin (Italian: ; Piedmontese: TÃ¼rÃn) is a major industrial city in north-western Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the west bank of the Po River. ... Turin (Italian: ; Piedmontese: TÃ¼rÃn) is a major industrial city in north-western Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the west bank of the Po River. ... The centre-right is a political term commonly used to describe or denote political parties or organisations (such as think tanks) that stretch from the centre to the right on the left-right spectrum, excluding extreme right wing beliefs such as fascism. ... Turin (Italian: ; Piedmontese: TÃ¼rÃn) is a major industrial city in north-western Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the west bank of the Po River. ... August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... June 6 is the 157th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (158th in leap years), with 208 days remaining. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Italian unification process. ... This is a list of Prime Ministers of Italy. ... There have been several entities known as the Kingdom of Italy. ...

With the election of the liberal Pope Pius IX to the papacy in 1846, Cavour felt that the chance for him to advocate reform had come. In 1847 he founded Il Risorgimento ("The Resurgence," later to become a general term for the unification of Italy), a newspaper espousing liberalism, constitutionalism, and unification. As editor, he soon became a powerful figure in Sardinian politics. Father Mastai-Ferretti was made Archbishop of Spoleto in 1827, at the age of 35. ... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1847 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Il Risorgimento, The Resurgence in Italian, was a liberal, nationalist newspaper founded by Count Camillo Benso di Cavour in 1847. ...

During 1848, a wave of violent revolutions swept Europe. The uprising in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies terrified King Charles Albert of Piedmont-Sardinia. Pressured by the influence of Il Risorgimento and by the mood of dissent in his kingdom, Charles Albert granted Sardinia a constitutional law (Statuto Albertino) on February 8, 1848. Supported by this success, Cavour then turned to urging Charles Albert to declare war against Austria, which at that time ruled much of Italy either directly or through petty Habsburg vassals. The perfect opportunity arose on March 19 when news arrived in Turin that Milan was in revolt against its Habsburg ruler. On March 15, caving in to pressure from Cavour and his party, Charles Albert declared war on Austria. 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Two Sicilies The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was the new name that the Bourbon King Ferdinand IV of Naples bestowed upon his domain (including Southern Italy and the island of Sicily) after the end of the Napoleonic Era and the full restoration of his power in 1816. ... Charles Albert (October 2, 1798_July 28, 1849) was the Duke of Savoy, Piedmont, Aosta and King of Sardinia from 1831 to 1849. ... The so-called Statuto Albertino (Albertine Statute) is the constitution that King Charles Albert of Savoy conceded to the Kingdom of Sardinia (including also most parts of north-western Italy, such as Piedmont) on March 4, 1848. ... February 8 is the 39th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy; also used as the flag of the Austrian Empire until the Ausgleich of 1867. ... March 19 is the 78th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (79th in leap years). ... Milan (Italian: Milano; Milanese: MilÃ¡n) is the main city of northern Italy, and is located in the plains of Lombardy, the most populated and developed region in Italy. ... March 15 is the 74th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (75th in Leap years). ...

Although Sardinia was defeated by Austria at the Battle of Novara and Italian revolutions were crushed in Lombardy, Venetia and Rome, liberalism and nationalism in Italy were still resurgent - in the July elections of 1848, Cavour won a seat in the Sardinian Chamber of Deputies, and after his defeat by the Austrians, Charles Albert abdicated in favor of his more liberal and powerful son, Victor Emmanuel II. Under Victor Emmanuel's monarchy, Cavour's political career flourished. He became Minister of Agriculture and Commerce in 1850 and Minister of Finance. After the failure of the revolutions of 1848 to overrun monarchies in Europe, Cavour reassessed his liberal beliefs and decided to abandon his idealism for realpolitik. Cavour reasoned that even if Italy could not be united by revolution, strong and calculating leadership might stand a chance. In his first two government positions, Cavour worked hard to strengthen Sardinia, reorganizing its armed forces, legal system, financial system, and bureaucracy. He secured liberty of the press and favored tolerance of religion (in opposition to the pope) and freedom of trade. He also encouraged the development of industry, including building railroads and factories, making Sardinia one of the most modernized European states of the time. For the 1513 Battle of Novara, see Battle of Novara (1513). ... Lombardy (Italian: Lombardia) is a region in northern Italy between the Alps and the Po river valley. ... Venetia is a name used mostly in a historical context for the area of north-eastern Italy formerly under the control of the Republic of Venice and corresponding approximately to the present-day Italian administrative regions of the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia. ... Military flag of the Roman Republic. ... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Victor Emmanuel II (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele II; March 14, 1820 â€“ January 9, 1878) was the King of Piedmont, Savoy and Sardinia from 1849â€“1861. ... Commerce is the trading of something of value between two entities. ... Finance studies and addresses the ways in which individuals, businesses and organizations raise, allocate and use monetary resources over time, taking into account the risks entailed in their projects. ... —Alexis de Tocqueville, Recollections The European Revolutions of 1848, in some countries known as the Spring of Nations, were the bloody consequences of a variety of changes that had been taking place in Europe in the first half of the 19th century. ... Realpolitik (German: real (realistic, practical or actual) and Politik (politics)) is a term used to describe politics based on strictly practical rather than idealistic notions, and practiced without any sentimental illusions. ... Bureaucracy is a concept in sociology and political science. ... The cross of the war memorial and a menorah for Hanukkah coexist in Oxford. ... Free trade is an economic concept referring to the selling of products between countries without tariffs or other trade barriers. ...

Path to unification

On November 4, 1852, Cavour became Prime Minister of Piedmont-Sardinia. As Prime Minister, Cavour finally had an opportunity to extend his power into the realm of foreign affairs. In 1854, at the outbreak of the Crimean War, he saw his opportunity to enhance his nation's international standing. Piedmont-Sardinia entered the war (February 1855) as an ally of Great Britain and France in exchange for promises that the future of Italy would be seriously considered as an international issue. After the war, Cavour was able to sit on the Congress of Paris. At the time, this was of little benefit to Italy: the issues under discussion were to do with the aftermath of the Crimean War and did not concern Italy as such. It did provide the opportunity for Cavour to denounce Austria's occupation of Italy, arrange to meet Napoleon III, Emperor of France, an important ally in any Italian war against Austria, and establish Cavour as a voice for Italy. Count Cavour (19th century photograph) The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States and in those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years. ... November 4 is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 57 days remaining. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Sir Robert Walpole, the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ... Kingdom of Sardinia, in 1839: Mainland Piedmont, with Savoia upper left (pink) and Nizza (Nice) lower left (brown) both now French, and Sardinia in the inset The Kingdom of Sardinia is a former kingdom in Italy. ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Combatants United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Second French Empire, Ottoman Empire, Kingdom of Sardinia Imperial Russia Strength 250,000 British 400,000 French 10,000 Sardinian 1,200,000 Russian Casualties 17,500 British 90,000 French 35,000 Turkish 2,050 Sardinian killed, wounded and died of... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The Treaty of Paris of 1856 settled the Crimean War between Russia and Ottoman Empire and its allies France and Britain. ... Charles Louis NapolÃ©on Bonaparte (20 April 1808- 9 January 1873) was President of France from 1849 to 1852, and then Emperor of the French under the name NapolÃ©on III from 1852 to 1870. ...

Napoleon III, a quasi-liberal, sympathized with Cavour's plan for a Northern Italian Kingdom, and in July 1858 the two met at Plombières to shape Italy's future. At the meeting, Napoleon agreed that if Austria were to attack Piedmont-Sardinia, France would enter the war on Piedmont-Sardinia's side. Cavour immediately set to provoking Austria into war, and in April 1859 Austria attacked the small Italian state. However, after extremely costly victories at Magenta and Solferino, Napoleon III decided to withdraw from the war with the Truce of Villafranca. The treaty allowed the Austrians to keep Venetia and transferred the territories conquered by the Sardinians to their former rulers. Piedmont-Sardinia received only Lombardy. Although Cavour was furious at Napoleon, the situation soon reversed itself when the citizens of Tuscany, Modena, Parma, Bologna, and Romagna voted through plebiscites in March of 1860 to become part of Piedmont-Sardinia. Napoleon recognized these annexations in return for Savoy and Nice. 1858 (MDCCCLVIII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... PlombiÃ¨res is a municipality located in the Belgian province of LiÃ¨ge. ... 1859 (MDCCCLIX) is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar). ... The Battle of Magenta was fought on June 4, 1859 during the Franco-Austria, resulting in a French victory under Louis-Napoleon against the Austrians under General Gyulai. ... The Battle of Solférino was fought on June 21, 1859 and resulted in the victory of the allied French Army under Napoleon III and Piedmontese Army under Victor Emmanuel II against the Austrian Army under Emperor Franz-Joseph. ... Venetia is a name used mostly in a historical context for the area of north-eastern Italy formerly under the control of the Republic of Venice and corresponding approximately to the present-day Italian administrative regions of the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia. ... Tuscany (Italian Toscana) is a region in North-West Italy, bordering on Latium to the south, Umbria and Marche to the east, Emilia-Romagna and Liguria to the north, and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the west. ... Modena (MÃ²dna in Modenese dialect) is a city and a province on the south side of the Po valley, in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. ... Parma is a medieval city in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna, with splendid architecture and a fine countryside around it. ... Bologna (pronounced , from Latin Bononia, BulÃ¥ggna in the local dialect) is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy, between the Po River and the Apennines. ... Emilia-Romagna is an administrative region of Northern Italy comprising the two historic regions of Emilia and Romagna. ... A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... This article is about the historical region of Savoy. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: [1] (Latin: Nice the city) Coordinates : , Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) Administration DÃ©partement Alpes-Maritimes (06) RÃ©gion Provence-Alpes-CÃ´te dAzur Mayor Jacques Peyrat (UMP) (since 1995) Intercommunality Community of Agglomeration Nice CÃ´te dAzur City (commune) Characteristics...

Soon after, the Italian patriot Giuseppe Garibaldi led his famous army of a thousand red-shirted adventurers into the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (May 1860), and Victor Emmanuel led his troops into the province of Umbria. Both areas voted for union with Sardinia, and the Kingdom of Italy was proclaimed in March of 1861. Cavour's territorial aims were complete except for Venetia and Rome. However, due to a combination of malaria and probably overwork, he died that year. The unification of Italy was completed by the annexation of Venetia in 1866 and the capture of Rome in 1870-71. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 1060 KB) Summary Description: Its a picture of Piazza Cavour (Cavour Square) in Rome, Italy Source: I took this picture by myself Date: created 22 sept. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 1060 KB) Summary Description: Its a picture of Piazza Cavour (Cavour Square) in Rome, Italy Source: I took this picture by myself Date: created 22 sept. ... Garibaldi in 1866 Giuseppe Garibaldi (July 4, 1807 â€“ June 2, 1882) was an Italian patriot and soldier of the Risorgimento. ... The Two Sicilies The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was the new name that the Bourbon king Ferdinand IV of Naples gave to his domain (including Southern Italy and Sicily) after the end of the Napoleonic Era and the full restoration of his power in 1816. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... Victor Emmanuel II (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele II; March 14, 1820 â€“ January 9, 1878) was the King of Piedmont, Savoy and Sardinia from 1849â€“1861. ... Umbria is a region of central Italy, bordered by Tuscany to the west, the Marche to the east and Lazio to the south. ... There have been several entities known as the Kingdom of Italy. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Venetia is a name used mostly in a historical context for the area of north-eastern Italy formerly under the control of the Republic of Venice and corresponding approximately to the present-day Italian administrative regions of the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia. ... City motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus â€“ SPQR (The Senate and the People of Rome) Founded 21 April 753 BC (mythical), early 1st millennium BC (archaeological) Region Latium Area - City Proper 1285 kmÂ² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 2,553,873 almost 4,300,000 1. ...

Legacy

The new Marina Militare aircraft carrier Cavour is named in his honor. In the city of Trieste, he is also remembered through the "Corso Cavour", a popular stretch of coastline along the Gulf of Trieste. Marina Militare naval jack Marina Militare (Italian Navy) is one of the four divisions of the military forces of Italy. ... Cavour (C552, formerly Andrea Doria) is an Italian light V/STOL aircraft carrier. ...

Categories: 1810 births | 1861 deaths | Natives of Turin | Prime Ministers of Italy Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... This is a list of Italian Ministers of Foreign Affairs since 1943. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Bettino, baron Ricasoli (March 29, 1809 - October 23, 1880), Italian statesman, was born at Broglio. ... This is a list of Prime Ministers of Italy. ... March 23 is the 82nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (83rd in Leap years). ... June 12 is the 163rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (164th in leap years), with 202 days remaining. ... 1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. ... This is a list of Prime Ministers of Italy. ... There have been several entities known as the Kingdom of Italy. ... Bettino, baron Ricasoli (March 29, 1809 - October 23, 1880), Italian statesman, was born at Broglio. ... Urbano Rattazzi (June 20, 1808 - June 5, 1873), Italian statesman, was born at Alessandria, and from 1838 practised at the bar. ... Luigi Carlo Farini (October 22, 1812 - August 1, 1866), Italian statesman and historian, was born at Russi, near Ravenna. ... Marco Minghetti (November 18, 1818 - December 10, 1886), Italian economist and statesman, was born at Bologna. ... Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora (November 18, 1804â€“January 5, 1878) was a Pornstar for the company Weapons of Ass Destruction and a patriot. ... Bettino, baron Ricasoli (March 29, 1809 - October 23, 1880), Italian statesman, was born at Broglio. ... Urbano Rattazzi (June 20, 1808 - June 5, 1873), Italian statesman, was born at Alessandria, and from 1838 practised at the bar. ... Federico Luigi, Conte Menabrea, Marquis of Valdora (September 4, 1809 - May 24, 1896), Italian general and statesman, was born at Chambry. ... Domenico Giovanni Giuseppe Maria Lanza (February 15, 1810 - March 9, 1882), Italian politician, was born at Casale, Piedmont. ... Marco Minghetti (November 18, 1818 - December 10, 1886), Italian economist and statesman, was born at Bologna. ... Agostino Depretis (January 31, 1813 _ July 29, 1887), Italian statesman, was born at Mezzana Corte near Stradella. ... Benedetto C iroli (January 28, 1825 - August 8, 1889), Italian statesman, was born at Pavia. ... Agostino Depretis (January 31, 1813 _ July 29, 1887), Italian statesman, was born at Mezzana Corte near Stradella. ... Benedetto C iroli (January 28, 1825 - August 8, 1889), Italian statesman, was born at Pavia. ... Agostino Depretis (January 31, 1813 _ July 29, 1887), Italian statesman, was born at Mezzana Corte near Stradella. ... Francesco Crispi (October 4, 1819 - August 12, 1901) was a 19th century Italian politician. ... Antonio Starabba, Marchese di RudinÃ¬ (April 16, 1839 - August 7, 1908) was Prime Minister of Italy between 1891 and 1892, and again from 1896 until 1898. ... Giovanni Giolitti (October 27, 1842–July 17, 1928) was an Italian statesman. ... Francesco Crispi (October 4, 1819 - August 12, 1901) was a 19th century Italian politician. ... Antonio Starabba, Marchese di RudinÃ¬ (April 16, 1839 - August 7, 1908) was Prime Minister of Italy between 1891 and 1892, and again from 1896 until 1898. ... Luigi Pelloux (March 1, 1839 in Savoy - October 26, 1924 in Bordighera, Italy ), Italian general and politician, was born at La Roche, in Savoy, of parents who retained their Italian nationality when Savoy was annexed to France. ... Giuseppe Saracco (October 6, 1821 - January 19, 1907), Italian politician and financier, and knight of the Annunziata, was born at Bistagno. ... Giuseppe Zanardelli (October 29, 1826 - December 26, 1903) was an Italian jurisconsult, nationalist and political figure. ... Giovanni Giolitti (October 27, 1842–July 17, 1928) was an Italian statesman. ... Tommaso Tittoni (November 16, 1855 - February 7, 1931) was an italian diplomat, politician and knight of the Annunziata, born in Rome, where he turn back only in 1870, because his Father Vincenzo, a devoted to the Risorgimento, in 1860 was forced to flee the Papal States. ... Alessandro Fortis (September 16, 1842 - December 4, 1909) in Forli, Papal States was an Italian politician who served as Prime Minister of Italy from 1905 to 1906. ... Sidney Sonnino Baron Giorgio Sidney Sonnino (March 11, 1847 - November 24, 1922) was an Italian politician. ... Giovanni Giolitti (October 27, 1842–July 17, 1928) was an Italian statesman. ... Sidney Sonnino Baron Giorgio Sidney Sonnino (March 11, 1847 - November 24, 1922) was an Italian politician. ... Luigi Luzzatti (1841 - 1927) was an Italian political figure. ... Giovanni Giolitti (October 27, 1842–July 17, 1928) was an Italian statesman. ... Categories: Stub | Italian prime ministers ... Paolo Boselli (1838-1932) was an Italian politician who served as Prime Minister of Italy during World War I. Boselli, a relatively undistinguished politician of the right-center who, at 78, was one of the oldest deputies in the Italian parliament, was appointed Prime Minister in June, 1916, following the... Vittorio Emanuele Orlando (May 19, 1860 - December 1, 1952) was an Italian diplomat and political figure. ... Francesco Saverio Vincenzo de Paola Nitti (Melfi, July 19, 1868 - Rome, February 20, 1953) was an Italian economist and political figure. ... Giovanni Giolitti (October 27, 1842–July 17, 1928) was an Italian statesman. ... Ivanoe Bonomi (October 18, 1873 April 20, 1951) was an Italian politician and statesman. ... Luigi Facta (November 16, 1861 November 5, 1930) was an Italian politician. ... Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (July 29, 1883 â€“ April 28, 1945) led Italy from 1922 to 1943. ... 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Legacy

Path to unification