After the Visigothic Kings of Aquitaine (409 - 508), the Merovingian kings were kings and dukes in Aquitaine and dukes of Toulouse.
The Carolingians appointed counts of Toulouse, 790 - 848:
Torson, designated comte de Toulouse by Charlemagne, 778, regent for Louis I; deposed 790
Saint William of Gellone, second count of Toulouse 790- 811 (died 812/4)
Raymond Raphinel, designated by Charlemagne, 811
Bérenger le Sage, duc de Toulouse, 814 - died 835; son of Hugues, comte de Tours
Warin, duc de Toulouse, 835, designated by Louis l (King in 814)
Pépin ler, king of Toulouse and Aquitaine, died 849 ici commence la lignée des comtes de Toulouse.
The hereditary Counts of Toulouse ruled the city of Toulouse and its surrounding county from the late 9th century until 1270. The counts and other family members were also at various times counts of Quercy, Rouergue, Albi, and Nîmes, and Marquis of Gothia and Provence. Also, Raymond IV founded the crusader state of Tripoli, and his descendants were counts there.
Bernard of Septimania, assassinated in 844
Freddon (d. 852)
Raymond I (852-862)
Bernard (862-872)
Eudes (872-919)
Raymond II (919-924)
Raymond III Pons (924 - ~950)
Raymond IV (~950 - 961)
Hugh (961-972)
Raymond (972-978) [recent research suggests adding this previously unknown count to solve the problem of the otherwise extraordinary lifespan of William Tallifer; this would of course necessitate renumbering the succeeding Raymond's, though this is not done here.]
Toulouse, chief town of the Tectosagi, at the end of the second century B.C. tried to shake off the yoke of Rome during the invasion of the Cimbri, but at the beginning of the empire it was a prosperous Roman civitas with famous schools in which the three brothers of the Emperor Constantine were pupils.
From being the capital of the Duchy of Aquitaine, from 631, Toulouse became in 778 the capital of the County of Toulouse created by Charlemagne, and which in the tenth century was one of the main fiefs of the crown.
The University of Toulouse was founded in 1229, in consequence of a treaty between Raymond VII, Count of Toulouse, and Blanche of Castile, regent of France; its object was to prevent by higher theological studies a recrudescence of Albigensianism.
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