Armenian Cilicia and Crusader States

The County of Tripoli was the last of the four major Crusader states in the Levant to be created. Some prominent cities that were part of the County include Safita, Tartous, and Tripoli. Download high resolution version (318x900, 90 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (318x900, 90 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Tripoli (Arabic طرابلس Trablus) is the second-largest city in Lebanon. ... The Crusader states, c. ... The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in Southwest Asia south of the Taurus Mountains, bounded by the Mediterranean Sea in the west, and the north Arabian Desert and Mesopotamia to the east. ... View of Safita from Chastel Blanc St. ... Tartous is presently Syrias second largest port city after Latakia. ... Tripoli (population 1. ...

History

The beginnings of the County came in 1102, when Count Raymond IV of Toulouse, one of the leaders of the First Crusade, began a lengthy war with the Banu Ammar Emirs of Tripoli (theoretically vassals of the Fatimid caliphs in Cairo), gradually seizing much of their territory and besieging them within Tripoli itself. Raymond died in 1105, leaving his infant son Alfonso-Jordan as his heir, with a cousin, William-Jordan of Cerdagne, as regent. William-Jordan continued the siege of Tripoli for the next four years, when a bastard son of Raymond, Bertrand, who had been acting as regent of Toulouse, arrived in the east, leaving Toulouse to Alfonso-Jordan and his mother, who returned to France. Bertrand and William-Jordan, due to the mediation of King Baldwin I of Jerusalem, eventually came to an agreement whereby each would keep control of their own conquests, an agreement which Bertrand got the better part of when he captured Tripoli later that year. When William-Jordan died a few months later, Bertrand became sole ruler. Events Valencia is captured by the Almoravids. ... Raymond IV of Toulouse (c. ... The First Crusade was launched in 1095 by Pope Urban II to regain control of the sacred city of Jerusalem and the Christian Holy Land from Muslims. ... The Fatimid or Fatimid Caliphate is the Ismaili Shiite dynasty that ruled North Africa from A.D. 909 to 1171. ... Events Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor deposed by his son, Henry V Tamna kingdom annexed by Korean Goryeo Dynasty. ... Alphonse I (1103 - 1148), Count of Toulouse, son of Count Raymond IV by his third wife, Elvira of Castile, was born in the castle of Mont-Pelerin, Tripoli, in todays Lebanon. ... William-Jordan (died 1109) was Count of Cerdagne and nominal count of Tripoli. ... Baldwin of Boulogne (died 1118), count of Edessa (1098—1100), and first king of Jerusalem (1100—1118), was the brother of Godfrey of Bouillon, son of Eustace II of Boulogne. ...

The County of Tripoli continued to exist as a vassal state of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, while within the county itself the Knights Hospitaller were given an autonomous castle in 1142, Krak des Chevaliers. Count Raymond III, who reigned in Tripoli from 1152 to 1187, was an important figure in the history of the Kingdom to the south, due to his close relationship to its Kings (his mother Hodierna was a daughter of Baldwin II of Jerusalem) and to his own position as Prince of Galilee through his wife. He acted twice as regent for the Kingdom, first for the young Baldwin IV from 1174 to 1177, and then again for Baldwin V from 1185 to 1186, and acted as the leader of the local nobility in their opposition to Baldwin IV's Courtenay relations, to the Templars, to Guy of Lusignan, and to Raynald of Chatillon. Raymond thus unsuccessfully argued in favor of peace with Saladin, but, ironically, it was Saladin's siege of Raymond's Countess in Tiberias that led the Crusader army into Galilee before its defeat at Hattin in 1187, and although Raymond survived the battle, he died soon afterwards. Official language Latin, French, Italian, and other western languages; Greek and Arabic also widely spoken Capital Jerusalem, later Acre Constitution Various laws, so-called Assizes of Jerusalem The Kingdom of Jerusalem was a short-lived country established in the 12th century by the First Crusade. ... The Knights Hospitaller (the or Knights of Malta or Knights of Rhodes) is a tradition which began as a Benedictine nursing Order founded in the 11th century based in the Holy Land, but soon became a militant Christian Chivalric Order under its own charter, and was charged with the care... Events End of the reign of Emperor Sutoku of Japan Emperor Konoe ascends to the throne of Japan Henry the Lion becomes Duke of Saxony Births Muin ad-Din Hasan, Indian Muslim saint Farid ad-Din Attar, Sufi mystic poet Deaths April 21 - Pierre Abélard, French scholastic philosopher (b. ... Krak des Chevaliers Krak des Chevaliers (also Crac des Chevaliers, fortress of the knights in a mixture of Arabic and French) was the headquarters of the Knights Hospitaller in Syria during the Crusades. ... Raymond III of Tripoli (c. ... Events March 4 - Frederick I Barbarossa is elected King of the Germans Eleanor of Aquitaine has her marriage to Louis VII annulled May 18 - Eleanor of Aquitaine marries Henry of Anjou Church of Ireland acknowledges Popes authority Almohad Dynasty conquers Algeria Establishment of the archbishopric of Nidaros (Trondheim), Norway... Events May 1 - Battle of Cresson - Saladin defeats the crusaders July 4 - Saladin defeats Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem, at the Battle of Hattin. ... Hodierna of Tripoli (c. ... Baldwin of Bourcq (died August 21, 1131) was the second count of Edessa from 1100 to 1118, and the second king of Jerusalem from 1118 until his death. ... The Principality of Galilee was one of the four major seigneuries of the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, according to 13th-century commentator John of Ibelin. ... Baldwin IV (1161 – 1185), the son of Amalric I of Jerusalem and his first wife Agnes of Courtenay, was king of Jerusalem from 1174 to 1185. ... Events Vietnam is given the official name of Annam by China. ... Events November 25 - Baldwin IV of Jerusalem and Raynald of Chatillon defeat Saladin at the Battle of Montgisard. ... Baldwin V (1177 – 1186) was the son of Sibylla of Jerusalem and her first husband, William of Montferrat. ... Events April 25 - Genpei War - Sea Battle of Dan-no-ura leads to Minamoto victory in Japan Templars settle in London and begin the building of New Temple Church End of the Heian Period and beginning of the Kamakura period in Japan. ... Events John the Chanter becomes Bishop of Exeter. ... The Seal of the Knights — the two riders have been interpreted as a sign of poverty or the duality of monk/soldier. ... Guy of Lusignan (died 1194) was a French knight who, through marriage, became king of Jerusalem, and led the Kingdom to disaster at the Battle of Hattin in 1187. ... Raynald of Châtillon (also Reynald or Reginald of Chastillon) (c. ... This article is about the Muslim general, for the British armoured vehicle named after him, see Alvis Saladin. ... The Battle of Hattin in 1187 was a major setback in the fortunes of the Crusader movement, enabling the Muslims to regain control of Jerusalem from the Christians. ... Events May 1 - Battle of Cresson - Saladin defeats the crusaders July 4 - Saladin defeats Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem, at the Battle of Hattin. ...

The County managed to avoid being conquered by Saladin in his string of victories following Hattin, and Bohemund IV, second son of Bohemund III of Antioch, succeeded to it upon Raymond's death. After Bohemund III's death in 1201, the County was in personal union with Antioch for all but three years (1216-1219) until Antioch's own fall to the Mamelukes in 1268. Tripoli survived for a few more years. Bohemund IV of Antioch (d. ... Bohemund III of Antioch (1144-1201), also know as the Stammerer, was ruler of the principality of Antioch (a crusader state) from 1163 to his death. ... The Principality of Antioch, including parts of modern-day Turkey and Syria, was one of the crusader states created during the First Crusade. ... Events The town of Riga was chartered as a city. ... Events Prince Louis of France, the future King Louis VIII, invades England in the First Barons War Henry III becomes King of England. ... Events Saint Francis of Assisi introduces Catholicism into Egypt, during the Fifth Crusade Ongoing events Fifth Crusade (1217-1221) Births Frederick II the Quarrelsome, last Babenberg Duke of Austria Deaths Jayavarman VII, ruler of the Khmer Empire Minamoto no Sanetomo, third shogun of the Kamakura Shogunate of Japan Monarchs/Presidents... An Ottoman Mamluk, from 1810 Mamluks (or Mameluks) (the Arabic word usually translates as owned, singular: مملوك plural: مماليك) comprised slave soldiers used by the Muslim Caliphs and the Ottoman Empire, and who on more than one occasion seized power for themselves. ... Events May 18 - the Principality of Antioch falls to Mameluk Sultan Baibars. ...

The death of the unpopular Count Bohemund VII in 1287 led to a dispute between his heir, his sister Lucia, and the city's commune, which put itself under the protection of the Genoese. Eventually, Lucia came to an agreement with the Genoese and the Commune, which displeased the Venetians and the ambitious Bartholomew Embriaco, the Genoese mayor of the city, who called in the Mameluke Sultan Qalawun to their aid. Qalawun captured the city after a siege in 1289, bringing the history of the County to an end. Bohemund VII (died October 19, 1287) was count of Tripoli from 1275 to 1287. ... Events December 14 -- Zuider Zee sea wall collapses, killing over 50,000 people End of the reign of Emperor Go-Uda of Japan Emperor Fushimi ascends to the throne of Japan The Theravada Buddhist kingdom at Pagan, Myanmar falls to the Mongols. ... Lucia of Tripoli (died after 1292) was last countess of Tripoli. ... Location within Italy Flag of Genoa Christopher Columbus monument in Piazza Aquaverde Genoa (Italian Genova (jeno-vah), Genoese Zena (zaynah), French Gênes) is a city and a seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria. ... Venice (Italian Venezia), the city of canals, is the capital of the region of Veneto, population 271,663 (census estimate 2004-01-01). ... Saif ad-Din Qalawun al-Alfi al-Mansur (also Qalaun or Kalavun) (c. ... Events In this year English law set 1189 as the beginning of time immemorial. ...

Vassals of Tripoli

Lordship of Gibelet

The ancient city of Byblos became the seat of the lordship of the Genovese family of Embriaco, by the name of Gibelet or Jebail (some of whom also assumed the surname of Ibelin). The Lords of Gibelet were vassals of the Count of Tripoli, but enjoyed a brief existence as Mameluke vassals even after the fall of Tripoli proper. Their southern neighbor was the Lordship of Beirut in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Byblos was a city of Phoenicia, in ancient times. ... Ibelin was a castle in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem in the 12th century. ... The Principality of Galilee was one of the four major seigneuries of the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, according to 13th-century commentator John of Ibelin. ... Official language Latin, French, Italian, and other western languages; Greek and Arabic also widely spoken Capital Jerusalem, later Acre Constitution Various laws, so-called Assizes of Jerusalem The Kingdom of Jerusalem was a short-lived country established in the 12th century by the First Crusade. ...

Lordship of Botron

The Lordship of Botron was centered around the castle of Batroun. The coastal city of Batro n is located in North of Lebanon. ...

Counts of Tripoli, 1102-1289

• Raymond of Toulouse (1102-1105)
• Alfonso-Jordan (1105-1109)
• William-Jordan, regent (1105-1109)
• Bertrand of Toulouse (1109-1112)
• Pons of Tripoli (1112-1137)
• Raymond II of Tripoli (1137-1152)
• Raymond III of Tripoli (1152-1187)
• Bohemund IV of Antioch (1187-1233, also Prince of Antioch 1201-1216 and 1219-1233)
• Bohemund V of Antioch (1233-1251, also Prince of Antioch)
• Bohemund VI of Antioch (1251-1275, also Prince of Antioch 1251-1268)
• Bohemund VII of Tripoli (1275-1287)
• Lucia of Tripoli (1287-1289)