NationMaster - Encyclopedia: County of Flanders

The County of Flanders was a historical region in the Low Countries. It consisted not only of the two actual Belgian provinces of East-Flanders and West-Flanders but also the present-day French département of the Nord (French Flanders), in parts of which there is still a Dutch-speaking minority, and the southern part of the Dutch province of Zeeland known as Zeeuws-Vlaanderen (Dutch Flanders). In Roman times, Flanders was situated in the Roman provinces of Belgica and Germania Inferior and inhabited by Celtic tribes, until Germanic peoples replaced them and made an end to Roman imperial rule. Its most important cities were Ghent (Gent), Bruges (Brugge), Kortrijk, Ypres (Ieper), Middelburg, Oudenaarde, Aalst, Lille (Rijsel), Cambrai (Kamerijk), Douai (Dowaai), Dunkirk (Duinkerke) and Valenciennes (Valencijn). Today, the historic county of Flanders is territorially divided up between France, Belgium and the Netherlands. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... A modern coat of arms is derived from the medi val practice of painting designs onto the shield and outer clothing of knights to enable them to be identified in battle, and later in tournaments. ... The Low Countries, the historical region of de Nederlanden, are the countries (see Country) on low-lying land around the delta of the Rhine, Scheldt, and Meuse (Maas) rivers. ... East Flanders is a province of Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium. ... West Flanders (Dutch: West-Vlaanderen) is the westernmost province of Flanders and of Belgium. ... The dÃ©partements (or departments) are administrative units of France, roughly analogous to British counties. ... Extent of Flemish in the Arrondissement of Dunkirk, 1874 and 1972 Nord (French: North) is a dÃ©partement in the north of France. ... Capital Middelburg Queens Commissioner drs. ... Satellite image of the Scheldt delta Zeeuws-Vlaanderen is the part of the Netherlands on the left shore of the Scheldt river (here called Westerschelde), nr. ... Belgica was and is the name of two Belgian research vessels, with a name derived ultimately from the Latin Gallia Belgica. ... The Roman province of Germania Inferior, 120 AD Germania Inferior was a Roman province located on the left bank of the Rhine, in todays southern and western Netherlands, the whole of Belgium and Luxembourg, parts of north-eastern France, and western Germany. ... A Celtic cross. ... Thor/Donar, Germanic thunder god. ... Motto Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR) The Roman Empire at its greatest extent. ... Geography Country Belgium Community Flemish Community Region Flemish Region Province East Flanders Arrondissement Ghent Coordinates , , Area 156. ... Geography Country Belgium Community Flemish Community Region Flemish Region Province West Flanders Arrondissement Bruges Coordinates , , Area 138. ... Kortrijk (French: Courtrai; Latin: Cortoriacum) is a Belgian city and municipality located in the Flemish province West Flanders. ... Ypres municipality and district in the province West Flanders Ypres (French, pronounced generally used in English1) or Ieper (official name in Dutch, pronounced ) is a Belgian municipality located in the Flemish province of West Flanders. ... This is about the city in the Netherlands. ... Oudenaarde (French Audenarde, English sometimes Oudenarde) is a municipality in Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium, and in the Flemish province of East Flanders. ... Aalst is a municipality on the Dender River, 19 miles northwest from Brussels. ... New city flag Traditional coat of arms Motto: â€“ Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Region Nord-Pas de Calais Department Nord (59) Intercommunality Urban Community of Lille MÃ©tropole Mayor Martine Aubry (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land areaÂ¹ 39. ... Cambrai (Dutch: Kamerijk) is a French city and commune, in the Nord département, of which it is a sous_préfecture. ... Douai is a city and commune in the north of France in the département of Nord, of which it is a sous-préfecture. ... For other uses of Dunkirk or Dunkerque, see Dunkirk (disambiguation). ... Valenciennes (Dutch: Valencijn, Latin: Valentianae) is a town and commune in northern France in the Nord dÃ©partement on the Escaut river. ...

History

The county of Flanders originates with Judith, daughter of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles the Bald. She married twice to English Kings; but returned and eloped with Baldwin Iron Arm. Charles disapproved at first, but Judith could not be induced to return. So Charles relented and granted the region of Flanders to the two of them. At first as a march county or margraviate, later as simple county. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Holy Roman Emperor was, with some variation, the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire, the predecessor of modern Germany, during its existence from the 10th century until its collapse in 1806. ... Charles the Bald - Detail from a painting in the First Bible of Charles the Bald, painted ca. ... Baldwin I of Flanders (d. ... Graf is a German noble title equal in rank to a count or an earl. ... A county is generally a sub-unit of regional self-government within a sovereign jurisdiction. ...

The county of Flanders was formally established as a feudal fief in the year 862 by Charles the Bald, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and first king of France (francia occidentalis). It was one of the six original lay pairies of the French realm, the kingdom of Western Francia. The count of Flanders being the swordbearer in the coronation ceremony of the kings of France. Roland pledges his fealty to Charlemagne; from a manuscript of a chanson de geste. ... Under the system of feudalism, a fiefdom, fief, feud or fee, consisted of heritable lands or revenue-producing property granted by a liege lord in return for a vassal knights service (usually fealty, military service, and security). ... Events Rurik gained control of Novgorod. ... Charles the Bald - Detail from a painting in the First Bible of Charles the Bald, painted ca. ... The extent of the Holy Roman Empire in c. ... The Peerage of France (French: ) was a distinction within the French nobility which appeared in the Middle Ages. ... The Frankish Empire after the treaties of Verdun and Meerssen. ...

The county of Artois, a historical region in today's French département of Pas-de-Calais was also part of it until it became a separate county in 1237. After that date, the county of Artois at various times still came under the dominion of the count of Flanders as a separate title, until it was absorbed by the French crown. Artois is a former province of northern France. ... Pas-de-Calais is a département in northern France named after the strait which it borders. ... // Events Thomas II of Savoy becomes count of Flanders. ...

Thus defined, Flanders covers a total area of 12,500 km² with 5.2 million inhabitants since 2004, or 16,500 km² with 6.2 million inhabitants if Artois is included. During the later Middle Ages its trading towns (notably Ghent (Gent), Bruges (Brugge) and Ypres (Ieper) made it one of the most urbanised parts of Europe, weaving the wool of neighbouring lands into cloth for domestic use and export. shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... Geography Country Belgium Community Flemish Community Region Flemish Region Province East Flanders Arrondissement Ghent Coordinates , , Area 156. ... Geography Country Belgium Community Flemish Community Region Flemish Region Province West Flanders Arrondissement Bruges Coordinates , , Area 138. ... Ypres municipality and district in the province West Flanders Ypres (French, pronounced generally used in English1) or Ieper (official name in Dutch, pronounced ) is a Belgian municipality located in the Flemish province of West Flanders. ... Long and short hair wool at the South Central Family Farm Research Center in Boonesville, Arizona Wool is the fiber derived from the fur of animals of the Caprinae family, principally sheep, but the hair of certain species of other mammals such as goats, alpacas, llamas and rabbits may also...

The county of Flanders was divided when its western districts fell under French rule in the late 12th century. The remaining parts of Flanders came shortly under the rule of the counts of neighbouring Hainaut in 1191. Increasingly powerful from the 12th century, the territory's autonomous urban communes were instrumental in defeating a French attempt at annexation (1300-1302), finally defeating the French in the Battle of the Golden Spurs (July 11, 1302), near Kortrijk. The virtually independent county of Hainaut emerged from chaotic conditions at the end of the 9th century as a semi-independent state, at first a vassal of the crown of Lotharingia. ... // Events May 12 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. ... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... Defensive towers at San Gimignano, Tuscany, bear witness to the factional strife within communes. ... Events February 22 - Jubilee of Pope Boniface VIII. March 10 - Wardrobe accounts of King Edward I of Englanddo (aka Edward Longshanks) include a reference to a game called creag being played at the town of Newenden in Kent. ... Events July 11 - Battle of the Golden Spurs (Guldensporenslag in Dutch), major victory of Flanders over the French occupier. ... Combatants Flanders France Commanders Willem van Gullik Pieter de Coninc Guy of Namur Robert II of Artois Strength 9,000 8,000 Casualties 100 est. ... July 11 is the 192nd day (193rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 173 days remaining. ... Events July 11 - Battle of the Golden Spurs (Guldensporenslag in Dutch), major victory of Flanders over the French occupier. ... Kortrijk (French: Courtrai; Latin: Cortoriacum) is a Belgian city and municipality located in the Flemish province West Flanders. ...

Flemish prosperity waned in the following century, however, owing to widespread European population decline following the Black Death of 1348, the disruption of trade during the Anglo-French Hundred Years' War (1338-1453), and increased English cloth production. Flemish weavers had gone over to Worstead and North Walsham in Norfolk in the 12th century and established the wool industry. It has been suggested that Plague doctor be merged into this article or section. ... April 7 - Charles University is founded in Prague. ... Combatants France Castile Scotland Genoa Majorca Bohemia Crown of Aragon Brittany England Burgundy Brittany Portugal Navarre Flanders Hainaut Aquitaine Luxembourg Holy Roman Empire The Hundred Years War was a conflict between France and England, lasting 116 years from 1337 to 1453. ... Events Ashikaga Takauji granted title of Shogun by the emperor of Japan. ... April 2 - Mehmed II begins his siege of Constantinople (Ä°stanbul). ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem - the United Kingdom anthem God Save the Queen is commonly used England() â€“ on the European continent() â€“ in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Unified - by Athelstan 927 AD Area - Total 130... Worstead is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. ... North Walsham is a market town and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. ... For alternative meanings see: Norfolk (disambiguation) Norfolk (pronounced NOR-fk) is a low-lying county in East Anglia in the east of southern England. ...

Marriages led to a union with neighbouring provinces, called the Seventeen Provinces, and the entire area passed in 1384 to the dukes of Burgundy of the House of Valois. Since then the county of Flanders was part of the Burgundian Netherlands. These became the Hapsburg Netherlands in 1477 when the territories fell to the House of Hapsburg. Flag of the Seventeen Provinces The Seventeen Provinces were a personal union of states in the Low Countries in the 15th century and 16th century, roughly covering the current Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, a good part of the North of France (Artois, Nord) and a small part of the West of... Events May / September 3 - Siege of Lisbon by the Castilian army, during the 1383-1385 Crisis Births Antoine, Duke of Brabant (died 1415) St Frances of Rome (died 1440) Khalil Sultan, ruler of Transoxiana (died 1411) Deaths January 1 - King Charles II of Navarre (b. ... The following is a list of the Dukes of Burgundy Richard of Autun, the Justicier (880–921) Rudolph of Burgundy (king of France from 923) (921–923) Hugh the Black (923–952) Gilbert of Chalon (952–956) Odo of Paris (956-965) Otto-Henry the Great... The Valois Dynasty succeeded the Capetian Dynasty as rulers of France from 1328-1589. ... In the history of the Low Countries, the Burgundian Netherlands refers to the period when the dukes of Burgundy ruled the area, as well as Luxembourg and northern France from 1384 to 1477. ... Events January 5 - Battle of Nancy - Charles the Bold of Burgundy is again defeated, and this time is killed. ... Habsburg (sometimes spelled Hapsburg, but never so in official use) was one of the major ruling houses of Europe. ...

The county of Flanders, as part of the Seventeen Provinces, had been brought under a personal union of the House of Hapsburg at that moment in time. This entity was created an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire in 1512. But nominally the county of Flanders remained a fief of France for its western territories, and a lordship of the Holy Roman Empire for its eastern territories (regnum teutonicum, the follow up state of francia orientalis or Eastern Francia Flag of the Seventeen Provinces The Seventeen Provinces were a personal union of states in the Low Countries in the 15th century and 16th century, roughly covering the current Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, a good part of the North of France (Artois, Nord) and a small part of the West of... It has been suggested that Dynastic union be merged into this article or section. ... Habsburg (sometimes spelled Hapsburg, but never so in official use) was one of the major ruling houses of Europe. ... A map of the Imperial Circles as at the beginning of the 16th century. ... The extent of the Holy Roman Empire in c. ... Year 1512 (MDXII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ... Under the system of feudalism, a fiefdom, fief, feud or fee, consisted of heritable lands or revenue-producing property granted by a liege lord in return for a vassal knights service (usually fealty, military service, and security). ... A lord is a male who has power and authority. ... East Francia was the land of Louis the German after the Treaty of Verdun of 843, which divided the Carolingian Empire of the Franks. ...

In 1526, Francis I of France ceded the county of Flanders to Charles V, of the Holy Roman Empire in the Treaty of Madrid. This was restated in the Ladies' Treaty of Caimbrai of 1529. Sovereignty was transmitted from the kingdom of France to the Holy Roman Empire. January 14 - Treaty of Madrid. ... Francis I (FranÃ§ois Ier in French) (September 12, 1494 â€“ March 31, 1547), called the Father and Restorer of Letters (le PÃ¨re et Restaurateur des Lettres), was crowned King of France in 1515 in the cathedral at Reims and reigned until 1547. ... Charles V (24 February 1500 â€“ 21 September 1558) was ruler of the Burgundian Netherlands (1506-1555), King of Spain (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily (1516-1554), Archduke of Austria (1519-1521), King of the Romans (or German King), (1519-1556 but did not formally abdicate until 1558) and... There is more than one Treaty of Madrid: Treaty of Madrid (1526), in which France renounced claims in Italy, surrendered Burgundy to Spain, and abandoned suzerainty over Flanders and Artois Treaty of Madrid (1670), in which Spain recognized British possessions in the Caribbean Sea, such as Jamaica and the Cayman... Combatants Holy Roman Empire, Spain, Genoa France, Papal States, Republic of Venice, Florence, England, Duchy of Milan Commanders Charles de Bourbon â€ , Georg Frundsberg, Philibert of ChÃ¢lon â€ Vicomte de Lautrec *, Francesco Ferruccio â€ , Giovanni de Medici â€ , Comte de St. ... Events April 22 - Treaty of Saragossa divides the eastern hemisphere between Spain and Portugal, stipulating that the dividing line should lie 297. ... The extent of the Holy Roman Empire in c. ...

In 1549, Charles V, of the Holy Roman Empire issued a Pragmatic Sanction, declaring the county of Flanders, together with the other lordships that made up the Low Countries as a unified entity of which his family would be the heirs. Events July - Ketts Rebellion Francis Xavier arrives in Japan. ... Charles V (24 February 1500 â€“ 21 September 1558) was ruler of the Burgundian Netherlands (1506-1555), King of Spain (1516-1556), King of Naples and Sicily (1516-1554), Archduke of Austria (1519-1521), King of the Romans (or German King), (1519-1556 but did not formally abdicate until 1558) and... The Pragmatic Sanction of 1549 was an edict, promulgated by The Emperor Charles V reorganizing the Seventeen Provinces. ... The Low Countries, the historical region of de Nederlanden, are the countries (see Country) on low-lying land around the delta of the Rhine, Scheldt, and Meuse (Maas) rivers. ...

The Low Countries held an important place in the Empire. For Charles personally, they were the region where he spent his childhood. Because of trade and industry and the rich cities, they were also important for the treasury. Lordship transferred to the Spanish brand of the House of Hapsburg with Philip II of Spain, and after 1556 belonged to the Kings of Spain. Philip II (Spanish: Felipe II de Habsburgo; Portuguese: Filipe I) (May 21, 1527 â€“ September 13, 1598) was the first official King of Spain from 1556 until 1598, King of Naples and Sicily from 1554 until 1598, King consort of England (as husband of Mary I) from 1554 to 1558, Lord... Events January 16 - Abdication of Emperor Charles V. His son, Philip II becomes King of Spain, while his brother Ferdinand becomes Holy Roman Emperor January 23 - The Shaanxi earthquake, the deadliest earthquake in history, occurs with its epicenter in Shaanxi province, China. ...

Due to the expansive policies of Louis XIV of France, the western districts of Flanders came finally under French rule under successive treaties of 1659 (Artois), 1668 and 1678. These districts became one of the provinces of France and eventually the Nord département. â€œSun Kingâ€ redirects here. ... // Events May 25 - Richard Cromwell resigns as Lord Protector of England following the restoration of the Long Parliament, beginning a second brief period of the republican government called the Commonwealth. ... 1668 (MDCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Events August 10 - Treaty of Nijmegen ends the Dutch War. ... The Kingdom of France was organized into provinces until March 4, 1790, when the establishment of the dÃ©partement system superseded provinces. ... Extent of Flemish in the Arrondissement of Dunkirk, 1874 and 1972 Nord (French: North) is a dÃ©partement in the north of France. ... The dÃ©partements (or departments) are administrative units of France, roughly analogous to British counties. ...

In 1715, the remaining territory of the Southern Netherlands, Flanders included, passed back to the Austrian Branch of the House of Hapsburg. In 1794 it was conquered by French revolutionaries, but after the defeat of Napoleon passed to the United Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1815 at the Congress of Vienna. In 1830 the main part of it became a part of Belgium, a small part of it remaining in the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Year 1715 (MDCCXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Southern Netherlands were a part of the Low Countries controlled by Spain (Spanish Netherlands, 1579-1713), Austria (Austrian Netherlands, 1713-1794) and France (1794-1815). ... 1794 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... NapolÃ©on I, Emperor of the French (born Napoleone di Buonaparte, changed his name to NapolÃ©on Bonaparte)[1] (15 August 1769; Ajaccio, Corsica â€“ 5 May 1821; Saint Helena) was a general during the French Revolution, the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from... Map of the kingdom United Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815 - 1830) (1839) (Dutch: Verenigd Koninkrijk der Nederlanden, French: Royaume-Uni des Pays-Bas and German: Vereinigte KÃ¶nigreich der Niederlande) were the unofficial names used to refer to a new unified European state created during the Congress of Vienna in... April 5-12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. ... The Congress of Vienna by Jean-Baptiste Isabey, 1819. ... Liberty Leading the People by EugÃ¨ne Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 (MDCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...

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History