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A courtesy title is a form of address in the British peerage system used for wives, children, and other close relatives of a peer. This styles may mislead those unacquainted with the system into thinking that they have substantive titles. The Peerage is a system of titles of nobility which exists in the United Kingdom and is one part of the British honours system. ...
A style is a form of address which by tradition or law precedes a reference to a person who holds a title or post, or to the office itself. ...
If a peer of the rank of Duke, Marquess or Earl has more than one title, his eldest son, not himself a peer, uses one of the lesser titles. (The eldest sons of Barons and Viscounts do not receive such a privilege.) If that eldest son has an eldest son, and there are additional titles available, he too may use a lesser title. For example, the Duke of Norfolk is also the Earl of Arundel and the Lord Maltravers, and so his son may be styled Earl of Arundel, and the grandson styled Lord Maltravers. However, only the grandfather is a peer: the other two remain 'commoners' until they actually acquire a substantive title. Also, such courtesy titles are only used by the peer's eldest son, and the eldest son's eldest son, and so forth. Other descendants are not permitted to use the peer's subsidiary titles. The term duke is a title of nobility which refers to the sovereign male ruler of a Continental European duchy, to a nobleman of the highest grade of the British peerage, or to the highest rank of nobility in various other European countries, including Spain and France (in Italy, principe...
A marquess is a nobleman of hereditary rank in Europe China and Japan. ...
An Earl as a member of the British peerage ranks below a Marquess and above a Viscount. ...
In the British peerage system, barons rank lowest, coming after viscounts. ...
A viscount is a member of the European nobility, especially of France, and of the British peerage, where a viscount ranks above a baron, below an earl (a count in France), and corresponds in Britain to the Anglo-Saxon shire reeve. ...
The Duke of Norfolk is the Premier Duke in the peerage of England, and also, as Earl of Arundel, the Premier Earl. ...
The oldest extant Earldom (and perhaps the oldest extant title) in the English peerage is the Earldom of Arundel currently held by the Duke of Norfolk, and used as a courtesy title by his heir. ...
A commoner, in British law, is someone who is neither the Sovereign nor a noble. ...
The actual title used is a matter of family tradition. For instance, the eldest son of the Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry is the Earl of Dalkeith, even though the Duke is also the Marquess of Dumfriesshire, a senior title to the Earldom of Dalkeith. Similarly, the eldest son of the Marquess of Londonderry is Viscount Castlereagh, even though the Marquess is also the Earl Vane. Titles with the same name as a peer's main title are also not used as courtesy titles. For instance, the Duke of Westminster is also the Marquess of Westminster and the Earl Grosvenor (amongst other things). The Duke's son is not the Marquess of Westminster (which would cause confusion between the son and the father), and so is styled Earl Grosvenor instead. The title used does not have to be exactly equivalent to the actual peerage: the eldest son of the current Duke of Wellington uses the title "Marquess of Douro", even though the actual peerage possessed by his father is "Marquess Douro". If a peer of the rank of Earl or above does not have any subsidiary titles of a different name to his main title, his eldest son usually uses an invented courtesy title of "Lord Surname". For instance, the eldest son of the Earl of Devon is Lord Courtenay, even though the Earl has no barony of that name, and similarly the eldest son of the Earl of Guilford is Lord North. The eldest son of the Earl of Huntingdon, who has no subsidiary titles, is styled Viscount Hastings to avoid confusion with the substantive peer Lord Hastings. The title of Duke of Buccleuch (pronounced Bucloo) was created in the Peerage of Scotland on 20 April 1663 for the Duke of Monmouth, eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England, who had married Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch. ...
The title of Duke of Buccleuch (pronounced Bucloo) was created in the Peerage of Scotland on 20 April 1663 for the Duke of Monmouth, eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England, who had married Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch. ...
The title Duke of Queensberry was created in the Peerage of Scotland in 1684. ...
The title of Marquess of Londonderry (pronounced Lundundry) is a title in the Peerage of Ireland created in 1816 for Robert Stewart, 1st Earl of Londonderry, father of Lord Castlereagh, the Foreign Secretary at the time. ...
Robert Stewart, 2nd Marquess of Londonderry, (June 18, 1769 - August 12, 1822), known until 1821 by his courtesy title of Viscount Castlereagh, was an Anglo-Irish politician born in Dublin who represented the United Kingdom at the Congress of Vienna. ...
The title of Marquess of Londonderry (pronounced Lundundry) is a title in the Peerage of Ireland created in 1816 for Robert Stewart, 1st Earl of Londonderry, father of Lord Castlereagh, the Foreign Secretary at the time. ...
The title of Duke of Westminster was created by Queen Victoria in 1874 and bestowed upon Richard Grosvenor, the 3rd Marquess of Westminster. ...
The title of Duke of Westminster was created by Queen Victoria in 1874 and bestowed upon Richard Grosvenor, the 3rd Marquess of Westminster. ...
The title of Duke of Westminster was created by Queen Victoria in 1874 and bestowed upon Richard Grosvenor, the 3rd Marquess of Westminster. ...
The Dukedom of Wellington, derived from Wellington in Somerset, is a hereditary title and the senior Dukedom in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. ...
The title of Earl of Devon was created several times in the Peerage of England, and was possessed first by the de Reviers family, and later for the Courtenay. ...
Various rulers or governments of Europe, of Japan bestow or recognise the title of baron. ...
Earl of Guilford is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain created in 1752. ...
Frederick North, 2nd Earl of Guilford (April 13, 1732–August 5, 1792), more often known by his earlier title, Lord North, was Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1770 to 1782, and a major actor in the American Revolution. ...
Earl of Huntingdon is a title which has been created several times in the Peerage of England. ...
The title Baron Hastings is an ancient one in the Peerage of England. ...
A peer's wife takes her courtesy title based on her husband's rank, unless she herself has a higher title. Thus a baron's wife is called "baroness", an earl's wife is called a "countess", a duke's wife a "duchess", etc. Despite being referred to as a "peeress", she does not, however, become a peer "in her own right": these are 'styles', not substantive titles. Baroness could refer to: Female equivalent of Baron. ...
This page is about the European nobility; for the baseball term, see count (baseball). ...
The term duke is a title of nobility which refers to the sovereign male ruler of a Continental European duchy, to a nobleman of the highest grade of the British peerage, or to the highest rank of nobility in various other European countries, including Spain and France (in Italy, principe...
Another form of courtesy title, in the form of an honorific prefix, is granted to younger sons, and all daughters of peers. The rules differ for different ranks of peers: the children of a baron, for example, get the prefix "Hon.", the daughters of an earl are called "Lady", and so on. These titles persist after the death of the father and the descent of the peerage to the elder son. An honorific is a term used to convey esteem or respect. ...
| Peer | Wife | Eldest Son | Younger Son | Unmarried Daughter | | Duke | Duchess | Father's Subsidiary Title | Lord Firstname Lastname | Lady Firstname Lastname | | Marquess | Marchioness | Father's Subsidiary Title | Lord Firstname Lastname | Lady Firstname Lastname | | Earl | Countess | Father's Subsidiary Title | The Honourable Firstname Lastname | Lady Firstname Lastname | | Viscount | Viscountess | The Honourable Firstname Lastname | The Honourable Firstname Lastname | The Honourable Firstname Lastname | | Baron | Baroness | The Honourable Firstname Lastname | The Honourable Firstname Lastname | The Honourable Firstname Lastname | A peer's daughter who marries a commoner either becomes "The Lady Firstname Husbandslastname" or "The Honourable Mrs. Husbandslastname", depending on what her birth style is. If she marries a peer, she gains the courtesy title as that peer's wife. Also note that the children of a peeress in her own right (a peeress that holds a substantive title, and is not merely a wife of a peer) gain courtesy titles as usual, but the husband receives no special distinction. If a woman marries an Honourable, and holds no higher title, she will become "The Honourable Mrs. Husbandsfirstname Husbandslastname." If a woman marries a Lord, she will become "The Lady Husbandsfirstname Husbandslastname." In case of a divorce, she will keep the same style as during her marriage, or she may choose to assume the style "Mrs. Firstname Husbandslastname." Regardless of what she chooses, she loses all precedence she attained from marriage. Because of the former option, there can be multiple Lady John Smiths. The Order of precedence in the United Kingdom is different for each region. ...
Occasionally, when someone inherits a peerage from a relative who is not one's parent, their siblings may be allowed to use courtesy titles as if they were the children of that peer. For instance, Rupert Charles Ponsonby, 7th Baron de Mauley inherited the Barony of de Mauley from his uncle in 2002. His brother Ashley had no title, as their father was only an Honourable and was never actually Baron de Mauley. However, in 2003, Ashley was granted the style and precedence of the son of a baron, becoming The Honourable Ashley Ponsonby. Rupert Charles Ponsonby (born June 30, 1957) succeeded his uncle Gerald John Ponsonby, 6th Baron de Mauley as the 7th Baron de Mauley in October 2002. ...
2002 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
2003 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Divorced wives
The divorced wife of a peer will put her Christian name before her husband's title, and lose any style she gained from marriage, and loses any address she gains from that style. So, "Her Grace The Duchess of London" becomes "Mary, Duchess of London," and should be addressed as "Duchess," but no longer "Your Grace." "The Rt. Hon. The Lady London" becomes "Mary, Lady London" and should be addressed as "Lady London," but not "My Lady" (an address gained from the style of Ladyship).
Widows If a peer dies, his wife's style does not change unless the new peer is married. If he is married, traditionally the widowed peeress puts "Dowager" in her style, i.e. "The Most Hon. The Marchioness of London" becomes "The Most Hon. The Dowager Marchioness of London." However, in more recent times, due to negative connotations of the word "Dowager," many widows choose to be styled as a divorcee, except keeping their style. So, "The Rt. Hon. The Viscountess London" becomes "The Rt. Hon. Mary, Viscountess London." If a widowed peeresses son predeceases her, her daughter-in-law may not use the Dowager styling and must use the Christian name designation until her mother-in-law dies, at which point she may use the Dowager title.
Courtesy Titles for Heirs of Dukes The Duke of Norfolk is the Premier Duke in the peerage of England, and also, as Earl of Arundel, the Premier Earl. ...
The Duke of Somerset is a title in the peerage of England that has been created several times. ...
Since 1623 the same person has usually held the dukedoms of Richmond and of Lennox. ...
The title of Duke of Grafton was created in 1675 by Charles II of England for his 2nd illegitimate son by the Duchess of Cleveland, Henry FitzRoy. ...
The title of Duke of Beaufort in the Peerage of England was created by Charles II in 1682 for Henry Somerset, 3rd Marquess of Worcester, a descendant of Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester, illegitimate son of Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset, a Lancastrian leader in the Wars of...
The title Duke of St Albans was created in 1684 for Charles Beauclerk when he was fourteen years old. ...
The titles of Earl or Duke of Bedford were created several times in the peerage of England. ...
The Dukes of Devonshire are members of the aristocratic Cavendish family in the United Kingdom. ...
The coat of arms of the Dukes of Marlborough The Dukedom of Marlborough (pronounced Maulbruh) is an hereditary title of British nobility in the Peerage of England. ...
The Duke of Rutland is a title in the peerage of England. ...
The Duke of Hamilton is a title in the Peerage of Scotland created in 1643. ...
The title of Duke of Buccleuch (pronounced Bucloo) was created in the Peerage of Scotland on 20 April 1663 for the Duke of Monmouth, eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England, who had married Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch. ...
Arms of the Duke of Argyll since 1406 The title Duke of Argyll was created in the peerage of Scotland in 1701 and in the peerage of the United Kingdom in 1892. ...
The title Duke of Atholl was created several times in British history. ...
The title of Duke of Montrose was created in the peerage of Scotland in 1488 for David Lindsay. ...
The Duke of Roxburghe (pronounced Roxbruh) is a title in the peerage of Scotland created in 1707 along with the titles Viscount Broxmouth, Marquess of Bowmont and Cessford and Earl of Kelso. ...
The title Duke of Manchester was created for Charles Montagu, 4th Earl of Manchester, in 1719. ...
The title Duke of Northumberland was created in 1551 for John Dudley. ...
The Duke of Leinster (pronounced Linster) is Irelands premier peer. ...
The title Duke of Abercorn was created in the Peerage of Ireland in 1868 and bestowed upon James Hamilton, 2nd Marquess of Abercorn. ...
The Dukedom of Wellington, derived from Wellington in Somerset, is a hereditary title and the senior Dukedom in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. ...
The title Duke of Sutherland was created for George Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Marquess of Stafford, in 1833. ...
The title of Duke of Westminster was created by Queen Victoria in 1874 and bestowed upon Richard Grosvenor, the 3rd Marquess of Westminster. ...
Duke of Fife is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, named after Fife in Scotland. ...
The title Duke of Gloucester is a British royal title, often conferred on one of the sons of the reigning monarch. ...
Duke of Kent is a title which has been created various times in the peerages of Great Britain and the United Kingdom, most recently as a royal dukedom for the fourth son of King George V of the United Kingdom. ...
The Duke of Edinburgh is a British dukedom. ...
The title Duke of York is a title of nobility usually given to the second son of the British monarch, unless the title is already held by an earlier monarchs son who is still alive. ...
Courtesy Titles for Heirs of Marquesses The title Marquess of Winchester was created in 1551 in the Peerage of England, making it the oldest English (and British) Marquessate still in existence. ...
The title Marquess of Huntly was created in the peerage of Scotland in 1599, making it the oldest existing marquessate in Scotland, and the second-oldest in the British Isles, only the English Marquessate of Winchester being older. ...
Marquess of Queensberry is a title in the peerage of Scotland. ...
Marquess of Tweeddale is a title of the Peerage of Scotland, created in 1694 for the 2nd Earl of Tweeddale. ...
The title of Marquess of Lothian was created in the Peerage of Scotland in 1701 for the 4th Earl of Lothian. ...
The title of Marquess of Lansdowne was created in the Peerage of Great Britain in 1784 for William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne, the former Prime Minister. ...
The title of Marquess Townshend was created in the Peerage of Great Britain in 1787 for George Townshend, 4th Viscount Townshend. ...
The title Marquess of Salisbury is a British title of Peerage, created in 1789 for James Cecil, 7th Earl of Salisbury. ...
The title of Marquess of Bath was created in the Peerage of Great Britain in 1789 for Thomas Thynne, 3rd Viscount Weymouth, a former Secretary of State. ...
The titles of Earl of Hertford and Marquess of Hertford have been created several times in the peerages of England and Great Britain. ...
The title of Marquess of Bute was created in the Peerage of Great Britain in 1796 for the 4th Earl of Bute (in the Peerage of Scotland). ...
The Marquess of Waterford is the senior marquess in the Peerage of Ireland. ...
The Marquess of Downshire is a marquess in the Peerage of Ireland. ...
Marquess of Donegall is a title in the Peerage of Ireland, created in 1791 for the Earl of Donegall. ...
Marquess of Headfort is a title in the Peerage of Ireland, created in 1800 for the Earl of Bective. ...
Marquess of Sligo is a title in the Peerage of Ireland created in 1800 for the Earl of Altamont. ...
The Marquess of Ely is a marquess in the Peerage of Ireland. ...
The title of Marquess Conyngham (pronounced Cunningum)was created in the Peerage of Ireland in 1816. ...
The title of Marquess of Londonderry (pronounced Lundundry) is a title in the Peerage of Ireland created in 1816 for Robert Stewart, 1st Earl of Londonderry, father of Lord Castlereagh, the Foreign Secretary at the time. ...
The title of Marquess of Exeter was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1801 for the Earl of Exeter. ...
The title of Marquess of Northampton was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1812 for the Earl of Northampton. ...
The title of Marquess Camden was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1812 for John Jeffreys Pratt, 2nd Earl Camden. ...
The title of Marquess of Anglesey was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1815 for the Henry William Paget, 2nd Earl of Uxbridge, a hero of the Battle of Waterloo. ...
The title of Marquess of Cholmondeley (pronounced Chumly) was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1815 for the Earl of Cholmondeley, an English title dating to 1706. ...
The title Marquess of Ailesbury was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1821 for Charles Brudenell-Bruce, 2nd Earl of Ailesbury. ...
Marquess of Bristol is a title in the peerage of the United Kingdom held by a member of the Hervey family since 1714. ...
The title of Marquess of Ailsa was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1831 for Archibald Kennedy, 12th Earl of Cassilis. ...
Marquess of Normanby was a title in the peerage of England and later a separate title in the peerage of the United Kingdom. ...
The title of Marquess of Abergavenny (pronounced Abergenny) was created in 1876 in the Peerage of the United Kingdom for the Earl of Abergavenny. ...
The Marquess of Zetland (Shetland) is a title in the peerage of the United Kingdom created for Laurence Dundas, 2nd Earl of Zetland along with the title Earl of Ronaldshay on 22 August 1892. ...
The title of Marquess of Linlithgow was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1902 for the 7th Earl of Hopetoun, the first Governor-General of Australia. ...
Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair is a title in the Scottish peerage. ...
The title of Marquess of Milford Haven was created in 1917 for Prince Louis of Battenberg, the former First Sea Lord, and a relation to the British Royal family, who became Louis Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven. ...
The title of Marquess of Reading was created in 1926 for Rufus Isaacs, 1st Earl of Reading, the former Viceroy of India and Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales. ...
Courtesy Titles for Heirs of Earls |