Airshaft, Colborne

The Cowburn Tunnel is a railway tunnel at the Western end of the Vale of Edale in the Derbyshire Peak District in the English Midlands. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 309 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 309 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Central Edale, at the start of the Pennine Way. ... Derbyshire is a county in the East Midlands of England. ... The Peak District is an upland area in central and northern England, lying mainly in northern Derbyshire, but also covering parts of Cheshire, Greater Manchester, Staffordshire, and South and West Yorkshire. ... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: God Save the King/Queen Capital London (de facto) Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Unification    - by Athelstan AD 927  Area    - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK)   50,346 sq mi  Population    - 2006 est. ... In general, the midlands of a territory are its central regions. ...

The tunnel is 3,702 yards (about 3.35 km) long. It was built in 1891 by the Midland Railway, under Colborne (part of a 1,700 ft moorland between Kinder Scout and Rushup Edge). It takes the Hope Valley Line west out of Edale valley, to emerge near Chinley. This article is about the unit of measure known as the yard. ... Year 1891 (MDCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... The Midland Railway (MR) was a railway company in the United Kingdom, which existed from 1844 to 1922. ... Kinder Scout is a moorland plateau (and mountain) in the Dark Peak of the Derbyshire Peak District in England. ... Mam Tor is a 517 m (1696 ft) high peak near Castleton in the High Peak of Derbyshire, England. ... The Hope Valley Line is a railway line in England linking Sheffield with Manchester. ... Image:Buxton - Derfbyshire dot. ...

Unusually, the tunnel is not built at a constant gradient, in fact the summit of the line between Dore and Chinley lies within the tunnel, about a quarter of the way from the eastern end. From the summit, the tunnel falls at 1 in 100 eastwards and 1 in 150 westwards. Nevertheless, when the headings met, they were no more than an inch (25mm) out of line in the vertical direction, and met exactly in the horizontal direction. Only one vertical shaft was used. Although the workings were much drier than they had been for Totley Tunnel, on one occasion the headings filled with water to a depth of ninety feet (30m) and work was carried on in a diving bell. Dore (Grid reference SK311812) is a village in South Yorkshire. ... An inch (plural: inches; symbol or abbreviation: in or, sometimes, ″ - a double prime) is the name of a unit of length in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... Western Portal SK250787 Totley Tunnel is a 6230-yard (5. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... Diving bell A diving bell is a cable-suspended watertight chamber, open at the bottom, that is lowered underwater to operate as a base or a means of transport for a small number of divers. ...

In the 1970s this railroute was controversially given precedence over the more modern Woodhead route (which had then only recently been re-engineered and electrified), as the preferred passenger route between Manchester and Sheffield. The western portals of the Woodhead Tunnels in 2004, from the former Woodhead Station. ... Manchester is a city and metropolitan borough, in the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester, North West England. ... For other uses, see Sheffield (disambiguation). ...