Map sources for Cowley at grid reference SP5504

Cowley in Oxford, England, is a residential and industrial area that forms a small conurbation within greater Oxford. It has a population of about 16,500 people. Cowley's neighbours are central Oxford to the northwest, Rose Hill and Blackbird Leys to the south, New Headington to the north and the villages of Horspath and Garsington across fields to the east. Image File history File links Dot4gb. ... Image File history File links Gb4dot. ... The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude. ... Oxford is a city and local government district in Oxfordshire, England, with a population of 134,248 (2001 census). ... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: Multiple unofficial anthems Capital London Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Government Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Queen Elizabeth II  - Prime Minister Tony Blair MP Unification    - by Athelstan AD 927  Area    - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK)   50,346 sq... Rose Hill is a suburb of south-east Oxford, England. ... Blackbird Leys is one of the largest council estates in Europe. ... The Headington Shark Headington is a residential suburb of Oxford, England, lying on top of a hill of the same name overlooking the city of Oxford in the river valley below. ... -1...

Cowley should not be confused with Cowley Road, which links central Oxford with Cowley. This article is in need of attention. ...

History

The Cowley area has been inhabited since early times. The line of a Roman road runs north-south along the eastern edge of Cowley. It linked a Roman town at Dorchester-on-Thames with a Roman military camp at Alchester near Bicester. A road called Roman Way follows part of its route. It is behind the Mini car factory, starting opposite the Stagecoach Group bus garage. A Roman road in Pompeii Road Construction on Trajans Column The Roman roads were essential for the growth of their empire, by enabling them to move armies. ... The Roman Empire was a phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by an autocratic form of government. ... Dorchester-on-Thames is a village on the River Thames in Oxfordshire, England. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Alchester is a small settlement in Oxfordshire, two miles south of Bicester, near the village of Wendlebury. ... Map sources for Bicester at grid reference SP5822 Bicester (pronounced bister) is a town in the Cherwell district of north-eastern Oxfordshire in England, with a population of 28,672 (2001 census). ... The BMW or New MINI is a car produced by BMW since 2001. ... A Stagecoach West Scotland vehicle in the UK Bus corporate livery. ...

Cowley originated from the former villages of Cowley, Temple Cowley and Cowley St John (Also occasionally referred to as 'Church Cowley'). Cowley was a manor from Mediaeval times, and a 16th century manor house stood on Oxford Road near the corner with Hollow Way. The house became part of a military training college which was built on its grounds in the 19th century. In 1864, the Wycombe Railway between High Wycombe and Oxford was built through Cowley, but at this time the village was so small that the railway company did not provide it with a station. Generic plan of a mediaeval manor; open-field strip farming, some enclosures, triennial crop rotation, demesne and manse, common woodland, pasturage and meadow Manorialism or Seigneurialism describes the organization of rural economy and society in medieval western and parts of central Europe, characterised by the vesting of legal and economic... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... Oxford is a city and local government district in Oxfordshire, England, with a population of 134,248 (2001 census). ... High Wycombe in the UK High Wycombe, (previously Chepping Wycombe or Chipping Wycombe as late as 1911[1]) South Buckinghamshire, is 29 miles (46. ... Oxford is a city and local government district in Oxfordshire, England, with a population of 134,248 (2001 census). ...

In 1866, the Society of St. John the Evangelist, an Anglican religious order was founded in Cowley. SSJE was the first long-lasting Anglican religious order since the reformation. The members were frequently known as the "Cowley Fathers". The Society of St. ... The term Anglican describes those people and churches following the religious traditions of the Church of England, especially following the Reformation. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Monasticism. ...

In 1868 the Oxford Steam Plough Company was founded in Cowley. This later became John Allen & Sons, manufacturing small agricultural and horticultural machinery including the famous Allen Scythe powered by a small Villiers petrol engine. In the early 1980s the works closed, and the John Allen Centre retail park has since been built on the site. The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ...

The Cowley area was transformed after 1912 when William Morris bought the former military college and moved the Morris Motor Company into it from its former premises in Oxford. He expanded into 'The Old Tin Shed' in 1914 and then into a huge complex of purpose built production lines in Cowley, as Morris pioneered Henry Ford-style mass production in the UK. 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... William Richard Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield GBE CH (10 October 1877–22 August 1963) was the founder of the Morris Motor Company and a philanthropist. ... Morris Motor logo, from a UK Royal Mail van 1927 Morris Cowley 1928 Morris Minor Saloon 1946 Morris Ten Series M 1953 Morris Minor Series 2 1971 Morris 1000 Traveller The Morris Motor Company was a former British car manufacturing company. ... Oxford is a city and local government district in Oxfordshire, England, with a population of 134,248 (2001 census). ... 1914 (MCMXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday. ... Henry Ford (1919) Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was the founder of the Ford Motor Company and father of the modern assembly line used in mass production. ... Mass production is the production of large amounts of standardised products on production lines. ...

The Great Western Railway, which had taken over the Wycombe Railway, opened a station called Morris Cowley to serve some of the thousands of workers commuting to the factory. In 1933 a goods yard was built beside the line to bring supplies into the factory and take completed vehicles away. The original Bristol Temple Meads station, first terminus of the GWR, is the building to the left of this picture The Great Western Railway (GWR) was a British railway company, linking South West England, the West Country and South Wales with London. ...

From the 1920s through to the 1960s Cowley expanded into a huge industrial centre. In the Great Depression many people left areas of high unemployment such as South Wales and moved to the Cowley area to work in Cowley's factories. Large areas of housing were built and rented out to the migrants. The 1920s was a decade sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties, usually applied to America. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ... The Great Depression was a worldwide economic downturn which started in 1929 (although its effects were not fully felt until late 1930) and lasted through most of the 1930s. ... An 1837 political cartoon about unemployment in the United States. ... Approximate extent of South Wales South Wales (Welsh: ) is an area of Wales bordered by England and the Bristol Channel to the east and south, and Mid Wales and West Wales to the north and west. ...

Florence Park was one area built in the 1920s for a private landlord to rent to new workers. The houses looked nice but they were badly built and maintained, until the tenants held a rent strike and forced the landlord to make repairs. Most Florence Park houses are now owner-occupied, and the area's tree-lined roads are now an attractive neighbourhood in which to live. The 1920s was a decade sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties, usually applied to America. ... A landlord, or landlady, is the owner of a house, apartment, condominium, or real estate which is rented or leased to an individual or business, who is called the tenant. ... A rent strike is a method of protest commonly employed against large landlords such as universities. ...

During the 1960s the centre of Cowley was demolished and replaced with Templars Square shopping centre. In the same decade the railway between Princes Risborough and Oxford closed, but the track between Kennington Junction and Cowley remains open for freight in and out of the car factory. The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ... Location within the British Isles Princes Risborough is a town in Buckinghamshire, England, about 6 miles south of Aylesbury and 8 miles north of High Wycombe. ...

Despite successive company mergers and name changes, "Morris's" is still often used as the name of the car factory to this day. In 1952 Morris Motors became part of the British Motor Corporation (BMC), in 1968 BMC became British Leyland, in the 1980s the group was known as Austin Rover, in the 1990s it was Rover Group and since 2001 the factory has been owned by BMW. But the name "Morris's" is ingrained in local culture and speech habits, particularly amongst older inhabitants. The phrase mergers and acquisitions or M&A refers to the aspect of corporate finance strategy and management dealing with the merging and acquiring of different companies as well as assets. ... Morris Motor logo, from a UK Royal Mail van 1927 Morris Cowley 1928 Morris Minor Saloon 1946 Morris Ten Series M 1953 Morris Minor Series 2 1971 Morris 1000 Traveller The Morris Motor Company was a former British car manufacturing company. ... BMC rosette logo old BMC share A preserved BMC ambulance. ... The British Leyland Motor Corporation (often abbreviated to simply BL), was a Britain in 1968. ... The Austin Motor Company was British manufacturer of automobiles that rose to be a major motorcar brand, the dominant partner after merger with Morris in the 50s but declining after absorption into British Leyland. ... For the automobile brand, see Rover (car) For the parent company, see the more general and indepth article at MG Rover Group For the British civilian all-terrain utility vehicles brand, see Land Rover For the Japanese lawnmower, see Rover (lawnmower) For extraterrestrial vehicles, see Lunar Rover, Mars Rover For... For the automobile brand, see Rover (car) For the parent company, see the more general and indepth article at MG Rover Group For the British civilian all-terrain utility vehicles brand, see Land Rover For the Japanese lawnmower, see Rover (lawnmower) For extraterrestrial vehicles, see Lunar Rover, Mars Rover For... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

By the early 1970s over 20,000 people worked in Cowley at the vast Morris Motors and Pressed Steel Fisher plants. Unipart is also a major employer in Cowley, with premises next to the car factory. Also notable is the high level of political conciousness within the working class based in and around the Cowley area. Indeed, the worker's are well known for not accepting wage cuts, Trade Union busting or anything else of the sort. It should also be noted that Alan Thornett, veteran leader of the International working class, worked for a period in local car plant. The plant is now closed down. The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... Morris Motor logo, from a UK Royal Mail van 1927 Morris Cowley 1928 Morris Minor Saloon 1946 Morris Ten Series M 1953 Morris Minor Series 2 1971 Morris 1000 Traveller The Morris Motor Company was a former British car manufacturing company. ... The Pressed Steel Company (PSC) was a British car body manufacturing company founded at Cowley near Oxford in 1926 as a joint venture between William Morris, the Budd Corporation and an American bank. ... Unipart is a corporation which specializes in providing logistics, automotive parts and accessories to its clients. ...

Once when Alan Thornett was in Cowley he was called 'a bug eyed maniac' by supporters of Gerry Healy. It is also rumoured that Alan (nicknamed 'the Cowley beast' by friends and foes alike) won back the 'Best Garden' and 'Superb shrubbery' awards for Cowley, after years of Cowley losing to a local Village.

In later years Morris Motors and Pressed Steel became one company. Subsequently the Morris's site was closed down, demolished, and redeveloped as a business park. Morris Motor logo, from a UK Royal Mail van 1927 Morris Cowley 1928 Morris Minor Saloon 1946 Morris Ten Series M 1953 Morris Minor Series 2 1971 Morris 1000 Traveller The Morris Motor Company was a former British car manufacturing company. ... A business park in Santa Barbara County, California A business park or business estate is an area of land in which many office buildings are grouped together. ...

Cowley today

The remaining part of the car factory is now owned by BMW. It remains the largest industrial employer in Oxfordshire and is now the production centre for the MINI. The business park has attracted a large David Lloyd fitness centre and offices of numerous companies including the European headquarters of Harley-Davidson Motorcycles. A factory worker in 1940s Fort Worth, Texas. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Oxfordshire (abbreviated Oxon, from the Latinised form Oxonia) is a county in south-east England, bordering on Northamptonshire, Buckinghamshire, Berkshire, Wiltshire, Gloucestershire, and Warwickshire. ... The BMW or New MINI is a car produced by BMW since 2001. ... Logo on a 2003 Harley Davidson The Harley-Davidson Motor Company (NYSE: HDI) is a manufacturer of motorcycles based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. ... A motorcycle is a two-wheeled vehicle powered by an engine. ...

Sports and leisure

Cowley has a strong sporting tradition. Between the two World Wars, Oxford Stadium was built to host the then new sport of greyhound racing.[1] In 1939 the equally new sport of motorcycle speedway moved to Oxford Stadium. After a few years Oxford's speedway team were named Oxford Cheetahs,[2] a name they still bear today. In 2001, Oxford United FC moved from its former ground in Headington to the new Kassam Stadium at Minchery Farm, which is just outside Cowley. Photo finish of a greyhound race in Tampa, Florida, USA on February 9, 1939. ... Speedway uses specially made motor bikes that have no brakes, run on methanol, use only one gear, and must weigh a minimum of 80 kg. ... Speedway uses specially made motor bikes that have no brakes, run on methanol, use only one gear, and must weigh a minimum of 80 kg. ... The Headington Shark Headington is a residential suburb of Oxford, England, lying on top of a hill of the same name overlooking the city of Oxford in the river valley below. ... Sign on the outside of the South Stand The Kassam Stadium is the home of Oxford United F.C., and is named after the clubs owner and chairman, Firoz Kassam. ...

In Watlington Road opposite the MINI factory is Johnson's Café, which in the past has fed many thousands of Morris Motors workers. It was founded decades ago by Len Johnson and to this day its interior is decorated with bold murals of early speedway stars. Len's son Joe Johnson was an international motocross star in the 1960s until he settled down to take over the family café. The café remains in the family today under Len's grandson Bob Johnson. The BMW or New MINI is a car produced by BMW since 2001. ... Speedway uses specially made motor bikes that have no brakes, run on methanol, use only one gear, and must weigh a minimum of 80 kg. ... A rider cornering during a motocross race in Australia Motocross (often shortened to MX or MotoX) is a form of motorcycle sport or all-terrain vehicle racing held on enclosed off-road circuits. ...

Temple Cowley Pools in Temple Road is a public swimming and gymnasium complex run by Oxford City Council [3]. Its main pool is 25 metres long. Next door is Cowley Library, [4] run by Oxfordshire County Council. Morris Motors Athletic & Social Club in nearby Crescent Road has a large sports ground and club house. Oxford is a city and local government district in Oxfordshire, England, with a population of 134,248 (2001 census). ... A modern-style library in Chambéry In the traditional sense of the word, a library is a collection of books and periodicals, . It can refer to an individuals private collection, but more often it is a large collection that is funded and maintained by a city or institution. ... Oxfordshire (abbreviated Oxon, from the Latinised form Oxonia) is a county in south-east England, bordering on Northamptonshire, Buckinghamshire, Berkshire, Wiltshire, Gloucestershire, and Warwickshire. ... A womens 400 metre hurdles race on a typical outdoor red rubber track. ...

External links

• Map sources for Cowley, Oxford
• Cowley Parish
• Map of Cowley, Oxford
• A tour of BMW's Plant Oxford
• Oxford Stadium (greyhound racing)
• Oxford Cheetahs (motorcycle speedway)
• Oxford United FC
• Temple Cowley Pools
• Cowley Library
• http://www.socialistresistance.net/ This is a paper that Alan Thornett writes in.