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The combined population of Cranbourne and Cranbourne South, in 1991, was 19,137.
Cranbourne has become a dormitory area for Melbourne as the metropolis has expanded although dairying continues to be important to the rural hinterland.
It was conducted by Surveyor Foot who is probably responsible for the present name which was inspired either by Viscount Cranbourne, the son of the Marquess of Salisbury, or by a district of the same name in England.
A delightful spring highlight in the RBG Cranbourne is the Wedding Bush, a small shrub that produces masses of delicately scented flowers from September to mid November.
One plant of this spring-flowering orchid was first discovered at RBG Cranbourne in 1993 in dense heathland and was not sighted again until 2000 when five plants were found in the woodland.
Considered uncommon in areas east of Melbourne, the Eastern Bronze Caladenia (Caladenia transitoria), is one of fifty orchid species so far found growing at Cranbourne - this represents 17% of the total number of Victorian species.