Crested Ibis
Conservation status
Endangered
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Threskiornithidae Genus: Nipponia Reichenbach, 1853 Species: N. nippon
Binomial name
Nipponia nippon Temminck, 1835

The Crested Ibis, the latin name given to by Ornithological Society of Japan to the Crested Ibis is Nipponia nippon also known as Japanese Crested Ibis or Toki is a large, up to 78.5cm long, white plumaged ibis of pine forests. Its red skin head is partially bare with a dense of white plumes on the nape. This species is the only member in monotypic genus Nipponia. The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. ... Image File history File links Status_iucn3. ... The critically endangered Amur Tiger, a rare subspecies of tiger. ... For other uses, see Scientific classification (disambiguation). ... Animalia redirects here. ... {{{subdivision_ranks}}} See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... Aves redirects here. ... Families Ardeidae Cochlearidae Balaenicipitidae Scopidae Ciconiidae Threskiornithidae Traditionally, the order Ciconiiformes has included a variety of large, long-legged wading birds with large bills: storks, herons, egrets, ibises, spoonbills, and several others. ... Subfamilies Threskionithinae Plateinae The family Threskiornithidae includes about 30 species of large terrestrial and wading birds, falling into two subfamilies, the ibises and the spoonbills. ... Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach (Leipzig 1823-1889) was an ornithologist, botanist and the foremost German orchidologist of the 19th century. ... In biology, binomial nomenclature is the formal method of naming species. ... Coenraad Jacob Temminck (March 31, 1778 - January 30, 1858) was a Dutch aristocrat and zoologist. ... Genera Threskiornis Pseudibis Thaumatibis Geronticus Nipponia Bostrychia Theristicus Cercibis Mesembrinibis Phimosus Eudocimus Plegadis Lophotibis Ibises are a group of long-legged wading birds in the family Threskiornithidae. ... For other uses, see Pine (disambiguation). ... Look up nape in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Their habitat is usually found in mainlands, and wetlands. They make their nests at the top of trees on hills usually overlooking their habitat. Crested Ibis usually eat frogs, small fishes, and small animals.

Due to ongoing habitat lost, winter starvation, small population size and persecution in last century brought this endangered species to the brink of extinction. The Crested Ibis has been listed in Appendix I of CITES. A female child during the Nigerian-Biafran war of the late 1960s, shown suffering the effects of severe hunger and malnutrition. ... An endangered species is a species whose population is so small that it is in danger of becoming extinct. ... The Dodo, shown here in illustration, is an often-cited[1] example of extinction. ... The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an international agreement between Governments, drafted as a result of a resolution adopted in 1963 at a meeting of members of the World Conservation Union (IUCN). ...

At one time, the Crested Ibis was widespread in Japan, China, Korea, Taiwan and Russia. It is now disappeared from most of its former range. The last wild Japanese Crested Ibis died in October 2003, while the remaining world population can be found only in Shaanxi province of China. This isn't the first time this has happened though. They were thought to be extinct through the 1960s and 1970s, until 1981 when 7 ibises were found in Shaanxi, China. Korea (Korean: 한국 or ì¡°ì„ , see below) is a geographic area, civilization, and former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. ...   (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ShÇŽnxÄ«; Wade-Giles: Shan-hsi; Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the Peoples Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess Plateau on the middle reaches of the Yellow River as well as the Qinling Mountains across the...

Extensive captive breeding programs has been developed by Japan and China to conserve the species. One way is they were put on the State Protection List in China, which also spread throughout most of Asia. Also, for the past 23 years, China has bred and protected the species. In 2002, there was a total of 130 colonies in China. Northwest Shaanxi Province's research center has a history of 26 Ibis fledglings including artificial, and natural incubation. On July 31, 2002, five out of seven Japanese Crested Ibis chicks hatched at an incubation center in Northwest Shaanxi Province. This was one of the latest records and highest record ever recorded of chicks that hatched. The parents of the chicks were chosen from 60 Ibises pairs raised in that reasearch center. Animals in which are situated in the esscence of humans are in captivity. ...

References

• BirdLife International (2006). Nipponia nippon. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 11 May 2006. Database entry includes justification for why this species is endangered
• http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200207/31/eng20020731_100688.shtml
• http://www.biodic.go.jp/center/spec/toki_e.html

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List and Red Data List), created in 1963, is the worlds most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species. ... The World Conservation Union or International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ...

External links

• BirdLife Species Factsheet
• IUCN Red List
• Red Data Book