HEAD: Face/Occiput: Forehead – Eye – Ear – Temple - Cheek – Chin The Respiratory System Among four-legged animals, the respiratory system generally includes tubes, such as the bronchi, used to carry air to the lungs, where gas exchange takes place. ... Human anatomy or anthropotomy is a special field within anatomy. ... Head and neck anatomy is a specialized study of the human body quite frequently studied in depth by surgeons, dentist, and dental technicians. ... Human Head redirects here. ... Image:X:uikfhduishnei. ... The occipital bone [Fig. ... Sebastian Sznitka ... A human eye. ... Bat ears come in different sizes and shapes The ear is the sense organ that detects sound. ... The temple is the side of the head behind the eyes Temple indicates the side of the head behind the eyes. ... Look up Cheek in Wiktionary, the free dictionary The Cheeks are the fleshy area of the face below the eyes and between the nose and the left or right ear, the skin being suspended by the chin and the yaws. ... Look up Chin in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

External nose: Nostril - Nasal septum - Cartilages (Accessory nasal, of the septum, Greater alar, Lateral nasal, Lesser alar, Vomeronasal) - Olfactory glands Human nose in profile A typical bulbous human nose The visible part of the human nose is the protruding part of the face that bears the nostrils. ... A nostril is one of the two channels of the nose, from the point where they bifurcate to the external opening. ... The nasal septum separates the left and right airways in the nose, dividing the two nostrils. ... The accessory nasal cartilages are small cartilages of the nose connecting the greater alar cartilage and lateral nasal cartilage. ... The cartilage of the septum (or septal cartilage, or quadrangular cartilage) is somewhat quadrilateral in form, thicker at its margins than at its center, and completes the separation between the nasal cavities in front. ... The greater alar cartilage (lower lateral cartilage) is a thin, flexible plate, situated immediately below the preceding, and bent upon itself in such a manner as to form the medial wall and lateral wall of the naris of its own side. ... The lateral cartilage (upper lateral cartilage) is situated below the inferior margin of the nasal bone, and is flattened, and triangular in shape. ... The part which forms the lateral wall is curved to correspond with the ala of the nose; it is oval and flattened, narrow behind, where it is connected with the frontal process of the maxilla by a tough fibrous membrane, in which are found three or four small cartilaginous plates... In the septum close to the nasopalatine recess a minute orifice may be discerned; it leads backward into a blind pouch, the rudimentary vomeronasal organ of Jacobson, which is supported by a strip of cartilage, the vomeronasal cartilage (or Jacobsons cartilage). ... Beneath the epithelium, and extending through the thickness of the mucous membrane, is a layer of tubular, often branched, glands, the olfactory glands (glands of Bowman), identical in structure with serous glands. ...

Nasal cavity: Choana - Turbinate - Sphenoethmoidal recess - Ethmoid bulla - Hiatus semilunaris - Ostium maxillare - Inferior meatus - Vomeronasal organ - Paranasal sinus The nasal cavity (or nasal fossa) is a large air-filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face. ... Choana (plural: Choanae) latinization from the Greek choanē meaning funnel is the posterior nasal aperture. ... In anatomy, a turbinate (or nasal concha) is a long, narrow and curled bone shelf (shaped like an elongated sea-shell) which protrudes into the breathing passage of the nose. ... Above the superior concha is a narrow recess, the sphenoethmoidal recess, into which the sphenoidal sinus opens. ... On the lateral wall of the middle meatus is a curved fissure, the hiatus semilunaris, limited below by the edge of the uncinate process of the ethmoid and above by an elevation named the bulla ethmoidalis; the middle ethmoidal cells are contained within this bulla and open on or near... The hiatus semilunaris is a groove in the side wall inside the human nose. ... Below the bulla ethmoidalis, and partly hidden by the inferior end of the uncinate process, is the ostium maxillare (or maxillary sinus ostium, or maxillary ostium, or opening from the maxillary sinus); in a frontal section this opening is seen to be placed near the roof of the sinus. ... The inferior meatus, the largest of the three meatuses of the nose, is the space between the inferior concha and the floor of the nasal cavity. ... The vomeronasal organ (VNO) or Jacobsons organ is an auxiliary olfactory sense organ in some tetrapods. ... The paranasal sinuses are eight (four pairs) air-filled spaces, or sinuses, within the bones of the skull and face. ...

Mouth/oral cavity: Lip - Philtrum - Jaw - Pterygomandibular raphe Sagittal section of nose mouth, pharynx, and larynx. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The philtrum (Greek philtron, from philein, to love; to kiss) is the vertical groove in the upper lip, formed where the nasomedial and maxillary processes meet during embryonic development. ... Human jaw front view Human jaw left view Human jaw top view The jaw is either of the two opposable structures forming, or near the entrance to, the mouth. ... The pterygomandibular raphé (pterygomandibular ligament) is a tendinous band of the buccopharyngeal fascia, attached by one extremity to the hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate, and by the other to the posterior end of the mylohyoid line of the mandible. ...

Teeth: Permanent (Incisor - Canine, Premolar, Molar) - Deciduous This does not cite its references or sources. ... Permanent teeth are the second set of teeth formed in humans. ... Incisors are the first kind of tooth in heterodont mammals. ... In mammalian oral anatomy, the canine teeth, also called cuspids, dogteeth, fangs, or (in the case of those of the upper jaw) eye teeth, are relatively long, pointed teeth. ... The premolar teeth or bicuspids are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth. ... Molar 47 (left), molar 46 and premolar 45(right) Molars are the rearmost and most complicated kind of tooth in most mammals. ... ...

Tongue: Plica fimbriata - Foramen cecum - Terminal sulcus - Frenulum linguae For other uses, see Tongue (disambiguation). ... On either side lateral to the frenulum is a slight fold of the mucous membrane, the plica fimbriata, the free edge of which occasionally exhibits a series of fringe-like processes. ... The dorsum of the tongue is convex and marked by a median sulcus, which divides it into symmetrical halves; this sulcus ends behind, about 2. ... The dorsum of the tongue is convex and marked by a median sulcus, which divides it into symmetrical halves; this sulcus ends behind, about 2. ... The Frenulum Linguae is the frenulum of the tongue. ...

Palate/roof of mouth: Hard palate, Soft palate - Palatine raphe - Incisive papilla - Uvula - Pharyngeal recess - Arches: (Palatoglossal, Palatopharyngeal) The palate is the roof of the mouth in humans and vertebrate animals. ... The hard palate is a thin horizontal bony plate of the skull, otherwise known as the palatine process of the maxilla, located in the roof of the mouth. ... The soft palate, or velum, is the soft tissue comprising the back of the roof of the mouth. ... The palatine raphe (or median raphe) is a raphe running across the palate, from the palatine uvula to the incisive papilla. ... The incisive papilla is a projection on the palate near the incisors. ... The uvula (IPA: ) is a small, mucosa-covered set of muscles, musculus uvulae, hanging down from the soft palate, near the back of the throat. ... Behind the ostium of the auditory tube is a deep recess, the pharyngeal recess (fossa of Rosenmüller). ... The palatoglossal arch (glossopalatine arch, anterior pillar of fauces) on either side runs downward, lateralward, and forward to the side of the base of the tongue, and is formed by the projection of the Glossopalatinus with its covering mucous membrane. ... The palatopharyngeal arch (pharyngopalatine arch, posterior pillar of fauces) is larger and projects farther toward the middle line than the anterior; it runs downward, lateralward, and backward to the side of the pharynx, and is formed by the projection of the Pharyngopalatinus, covered by mucous membrane. ...

Salivary glands: (Parotid - Sublingual - Submandibular) - Ducts: Submandibular - Parotid The salivary glands produce saliva, which keeps the mouth and other parts of the digestive system moist. ... The parotid gland is the largest of the salivary glands. ... The sublingual glands are salivary glands in the mouth. ... The submandibular gland is one of the salivary glands, responsible for producing saliva. ... The submandibular duct (Whartons duct[1], submaxillary duct) is about 5 cm. ... The parotid duct is also known as Stensens duct. ...

Masseteric fascia - Temporal fascia - Galea aponeurotica - Scalp Parotideomasseteric Fascia (masseteric fascia). ... The temporal fascia covers the Temporalis muscle. ... The Galea aponeurotica is connective tissue at the back of the head. ... The scalp is the anatomical area bordered by the face anteriorly and the neck to the sides and posteriorly. ...

NECK: Throat – Pharynx - Larynx A human neck. ... Look up Throat in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The pharynx (plural: pharynges) is the part of the neck and throat situated immediately posterior to the mouth and nasal cavity, and cranial to the esophagus, larynx, and trachea. ... Voicebox redirects here. ...

Cartilages: Cricoid - Thyroid (Adam's apple) - Epiglottis - Arytenoid - Cuneiform - Corniculate The cricoid cartilage, or simply cricoid, is the only complete ring of cartilage around the trachea. ... For other uses, see Adams apple (disambiguation). ... Haha u cant see this b/c wiess The epiglottis is a thin, lid-like flap of cartilage tissue covered with a mucous membrane, attached to the root of the tongue, that guards the entrance of the glottis, the opening between the vocal cords. ... The arytenoid cartilages are a pair of small pyramid-shaped cartilages, at the upper rear of the larynx, to which the vocal cords are attached. ... The cuneiform cartilages (cartilages of Wrisberg) are two small, elongated pieces of yellow elastic cartilage, placed one on either side, in the aryepiglottic fold, where they give rise to small whitish elevations on the surface of the mucous membrane, just in front of the arytenoid cartilages. ... The corniculate cartilages (cartilages of Santorini) are two small conical nodules consisting of yellow elastic cartilage, which articulate with the summits of the arytenoid cartilages and serve to prolong them backward and medialward. ...

Extrinsic ligaments: Thyrohyoid membrane (Lateral thyrohyoid ligament, Median thyrohyoid ligament) - Hyoepiglottic ligament - Cricotracheal ligament Intrinsic ligaments: Cricothyroid ligament The cricothyroid ligament is the larger part of the laryngeal membrane, continuing inferiorly as a median or anterior part and twin lateral ligaments. ...

Folds: (Glossoepiglottic - Aryepiglottic - Vocal - Vestibular) - Vocal ligament - Ventricle of the larynx - Infraglottic cavity - Vestibule of larynx - Rima glottidis The Glossoepiglottic folds are the anterior or lingual surface of the epiglottis is curved forward, and covered on its upper, free part by mucous membrane which is reflected on to the sides and root of the tongue, forming a median and two lateral glossoepiglottic folds; the lateral folds are partly... The entrance of the larynx (Fig. ... // Bold textItalic text The vocal folds, also known popularly as vocal cords, are composed of twin infoldings of mucous membrane stretched horizontally across the larynx. ... The vestibular fold (ventricular fold, superior or false vocal cord) is one of two thick folds of mucous membrane, each enclosing a narrow band of fibrous tissue, the ventricular ligament which is attached in front to the angle of the thyroid cartilage immediately below the attachment of the epiglottis, and... Enclosed within the vocal folds, there are two strong bands, named the vocal ligaments (inferior thyroarytenoid). ... The rima glottidis is the opening between the true vocal cords and the arytenoid cartilages. ...

Triangles of the neck: Anterior of the neck (Inferior carotid, Superior carotid, Submaxillary, Suprahyoid) - Posterior of the neck (Occipital, Subclavian) - Suboccipital Anatomists use the term triangles of the neck to describe the divisions created by the major muscles in the region. ... The anterior triangle is bounded, in front, by the middle line of the neck; behind, by the anterior margin of the Sternocleidomastoideus; its base, directed upward, is formed by the lower border of the body of the mandible, and a line extending from the angle of the mandible to the... The inferior carotid triangle (or muscular triangle), is bounded, in front, by the median line of the neck from the hyoid bone to the sternum; behind, by the anterior margin of the Sternocleidomastoideus; above, by the superior belly of the Omohyoideus. ... The superior carotid triangle (or carotid triangle), is bounded, behind by the Sternocleidomastoideus; below, by the superior belly of the Omohyoideus; and above, by the Stylohyoideus and the posterior belly of the Digastricus. ... The submaxillary triangle (or submandibular or digastric triangle) corresponds to the region of the neck immediately beneath the body of the mandible. ... The Suprahyoid Triangle (or submental triangle) is limited behind by the anterior belly of the Digastricus, in front by the middle line of the neck between the mandible and the hyoid bone; below, by the body of the hyoid bone; its floor is formed by the Mylohyoideus. ... The posterior triangle (or lateral cervical region) is bounded, in front, by the Sternocleidomastoideus; behind, by the anterior margin of the Trapezius; its base is formed by the middle third of the clavicle; its apex, by the occipital bone. ... The occipital triangle, the larger division of the posterior triangle, is bounded, in front, by the Sternocleidomastoideus; behind, by the Trapezius; below, by the Omohyoideus. ... The subclavian triangle, the smaller division of the posterior triangle, is bounded, above, by the inferior belly of the Omohyoideus; below, by the clavicle; its base is formed by the posterior border of the Sternocleidomastoideus. ... The suboccipital triangle is a region of the neck bounded by the following three muscles: Rectus capitis posterior major - above and medially Obliquus capitis superior - above and laterally Obliquus capitis inferior - below and laterally It is covered by a layer of dense fibro-fatty tissue, situated beneath the Semispinalis capitis. ...

Deep cervical fascia (Pretrachial fascia, Prevertebral fascia, Investing layer) - Carotid sheath The deep cervical fascia (or fascia colli in older texts) lies under cover of the Platysma, and invests the neck; it also forms sheaths for the carotid vessels, and for the structures situated in front of the vertebral column. ... The pretrachial fascia extends medially in front of the carotid vessels, and assists in forming the carotid sheath. ... The prevertebral fascia (or prevertebral layer of cervical fascia) extends medialward behind the carotid vessels, where it assists in forming their sheath, and passes in front of the prevertebral muscles. ... The investing portion of the fascia is attached behind to the ligamentum nuchæ and to the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...