The Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 was an act of parliament brought into law by the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It introduced a number of changes to the existing law, most notably in the restriction and reduction of existing rights and in greater penalties for certain anti-social behaviours. The Bill was introduced by Michael Howard, John Major's home secretary. This is a list of Acts of Parliament of the English Parliament during that bodys existence prior to the Act of Union of 1707. ... This is a list of Acts of Parliament of the English Parliament during that bodys existence prior to the Act of Union of 1707. ... This is a list of Acts of Parliament of the Scottish Parliament. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland for the years up to its dissolution in 1800. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain for the years 1707-1719. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain for the years 1720-1739. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain for the years 1740-1759. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain for the years 1760-1779. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain for the years 1780-1799. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the years 1800-1819. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the years 1820-1839. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the years 1840-1859. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the years 1860-1879. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the years 1880-1899. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the years 1900-1919. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the years 1920-1939. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the years 1940-1959. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the years 1960-1979. ... This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the years 1980-1999. ... This is an list of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the years 2000 to the present. ... This is a list of Acts of the Scottish Parliament. ... This is a list of Acts passed by the Parliament of Northern Ireland. ... This is a list of Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly passed by that body during its existence between 2000 and 2002 when it was suspended. ... The is a list of Orders in Council for Northern Ireland which are primary legislation for the province when the it is being directly ruled from London and also for those powers not devolved to the Northern Ireland Assembly. ... Statutory Instruments (SIs) are parts of United Kingdom law separate from Acts of Parliament which do not require full Parliamentary approval before becoming law. ... The is a list of Church of England Measures which are church legislation Church of England. ... In Westminster System parliaments, an Act of Parliament is a part of the law passed by the Parliament. ... The Houses of Parliament, seen over Westminster Bridge The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative institution in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories (it alone has parliamentary sovereignty). ... The Rt. ... Sir John Major, KG, CH (born 29 March 1943) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1990 - 1997. ...

Changes

Changes which had the greatest attention included: Sections 34-39 which substantially changed the right to silence of the accused, allowing for inferences from accused's silence. Sections 54-59, which gave the police greater rights to take and retain intimate body samples. Section 60 which increased police powers of unsupervised stop and search. The right to silence is a legal protection enjoyed by people undergoing police interrogation or trial in certain countries. ...

The whole of Part V which covered collective trespass and nuisance on land and included sections against raves (63-67, with the infamous "repetitive beats" definition^[1]) and further sections against disruptive trespass, squatters, and unauthorised campers — most significantly the criminalisation of previously civil offences. This affected many forms of protest including hunt sabotage and anti-road protests. A rave party, more often called a rave, is an all-night dance event where DJs and other performers play electronic dance music and rave music. ... Demonstrators march in the street while protesting the World Bank and International Monetary Fund on April 16, 2005. ... A hunt saboteur is a type of animal rights or animal welfare activist who believes in direct intervention to prevent hunters from killing or hurting an animal. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ...

Part VII handled 'Obscenity and Pornography', banning imitation child pornography, harshening provisions dealing with the censorship and age restriction of videos, and also increasing the penalty on obscene phone calls. Generally, child pornography (sometimes referred to as CP, child porn, KP, or kiddie porn) is an illegal form of pornography, featuring minors. ... Look up Video in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

The act also reduced the age at which homosexual acts are lawful from 21 to 18, and altered the definition of rape to include anal rape on men.

Trivia

In response to the introduction of the Act, electronic music group Autechre released the Anti EP, which satired the Act's definition of music by including a track which was advertised as containing no repetitive beats, making it suitable for playing at raves. The fifth mix on the Internal version of Orbital's Are We Here? EP was titled "Criminal Justice Bill?": it consisted of about four minutes of silence. Autechre is an English electronic music group consisting of Rob Brown (born c. ... Anti EP is an EP by the electronic music group Autechre was released by Warp Records in 1994. ... Orbital was an English techno duo formed in 1989, consisting of brothers Paul (born 19 May 1968) and Phil Hartnoll (born 9 January 1964). ...

Footnotes

↑  The Act specifically defines "music" to include "sounds wholly or predominantly characterised by the emission of a succession of repetitive beats."

See also

• SchNEWS, a newspaper set up to describe and promote direct action campaigning against the propostion (whilst it was still a Bill), then subsequently in defiance of the Act.

SchNEWS is a weekly anarchist publication published in Brighton, England as a double sided A4 newspaper and an online edition. ... Direct action is a method and a theory of stopping objectionable practices or creating more favorable conditions using immediately available means. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ...

External link

• Complete text of the CJPOA 1994
• Article by writer George Monbiot about multi-issue politics