Crimson
— Color coordinates —
Hex triplet		#DC143C
B	(r, g, b)	(220, 20, 60)
HSV	(h, s, v)	(348°, 91%, 86%)
Source		X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Crimson is a strong, bright, deep red color combined with some blue, resulting in a tiny degree of purple. It is originally the color of the dye produced from a scale insect, Kermes vermilio, but the name is now also used for slightly bluish-red colors in general that are between red and rose. Crimson is a color. ... Web colors are colors used in designing web pages, and the methods for describing and specifying those colors. ... For other uses, see Red (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Green (disambiguation). ... This article is about the colour. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... An image with the hues cyclically shifted The hues in the image of this Painted Bunting are cyclically rotated with time. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Chromaticity. ... Brightness is an attribute of visual perception in which a source appears to emit a given amount of light. ... Web colors are colors used in designing web pages, and the methods for describing and specifying those colors. ... For other uses, see Red (disambiguation). ... This article is about the colour. ... This article is about the color. ... Families Aclerdidae Asterolecaniidae Beesoniidae Carayonemidae Cerococcidae Coccidae Conchaspididae Dactylopiidae Diaspididae Electrococcidae Eriococcidae Grimaldiellidae Halimococcidae Inkaidae Jersicoccidae Kermesidae Kerriidae Kukaspididae Labiococcidae Lecanodiaspididae Margarodidae Micrococcidae Ortheziidae Phenacoleachiidae Phoenicococcidae Pseudococcidae Putoidae Stictococcidae The scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, notable for their habit of secreting a waxy covering that covers... Binomial name Kermes vermilio Planchon, 1864 Kermes vermilio is one of the species of Kermes used to make crimson. ... Rose is the colour that is defined in colour theory as being the colour halfway between red and magenta (the web color fuchsia) on the color wheel. ...

History

Crimson was produced using the dried bodies of the kermes insect, which were gathered commercially in Mediterranean countries, where they live on the Kermes oak, and sold throughout Europe. Kermes dyes have been found in burial wrappings in Anglo-Scandinavian York. They fell out of use with the introduction of cochineal, because although the dyes were comparable in quality and color intensity it needed ten to twelve times as much kermes to produce the same effect as cochineal. Species see text Kermes is a genus of scale insects in the order Hemiptera. ... Binomial name L. The Kermes Oak (Quercus coccifera) is an oak in the turkey oak section Quercus sect. ... York shown within England Coordinates: , Sovereign state Constituent country Region Yorkshire and the Humber Ceremonial county North Yorkshire Admin HQ York City Centre Founded 71 City Status 71 Government  - Type Unitary Authority, City  - Governing body City of York Council  - Leadership: Leader & Executive  - Executive: Liberal Democrat  - MPs: Hugh Bayley (L) John... Binomial name Costa, 1835 Synonyms Coccus cacti Linnaeus, 1758 Pseudococcus cacti Burmeister, 1839 Cochineal is the name of both crimson or carmine dye and the cochineal insect (Dactylopius coccus), a scale insect in the suborder Sternorrhyncha, from which the dye is derived. ...

Carmine is the name given to the dye made from the dried bodies of the female cochineal, although the name crimson is sometimes applied to these dyes too. Cochineal appears to have been discovered during the conquest of Mexico by the Spaniard Hernán Cortés, and the name 'carmine' is derived from the Spanish word for crimson. It was first described by Mathioli in 1549. The pigment is also called cochineal after the insect from which it is made. Carmine Carminic acid Carmine (IPA: []), also called Crimson Lake, Cochineal, Natural Red 4, C.I. 75470 or E120, is a pigment of a bright red color obtained from the carminic acid produced by some scale insects, such as the cochineal and the Polish cochineal, and is used as a general... Binomial name Costa, 1835 Synonyms Coccus cacti Linnaeus, 1758 Pseudococcus cacti Burmeister, 1839 Cochineal is the name of both crimson or carmine dye and the cochineal insect (Dactylopius coccus), a scale insect in the suborder Sternorrhyncha, from which the dye is derived. ... Hernán(do) Cortés Pizarro, 1st Marqués del Valle de Oaxaca (1485–December 2, 1547) was the conquistador who became famous for leading the military expedition that initiated the Spanish Conquest of Mexico. ... Events July - Ketts Rebellion Francis Xavier arrives in Japan. ...

Alizarin is a pigment that was first synthesized in 1868 by the German chemists Carl Gräbe and Carl Liebermann and replaced the natural pigment madder lake. Alizarin crimson is a dye bonded onto alum which is then used as a pigment and mixed with ochre, sienna and umber. It is not totally colorfast. Alizarin, is the red dye originally derived from the root of the madder plant. ... Year 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... A chemist pours from a round-bottom flask. ... Carl Gräbe (or Carl Graebe; February 24, 1841 - January 19, 1927), German chemist. ... Alizarin, or 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone, is the red dye originally derived from the root of the madder plant. ... A crystal of alum Alum, (IPA: ) a nonexistent compound that was imagined by Mary Daly, which serves no purpose than to supply highscool students with work. ... This article is about the color. ... This page is not about Siena, Italy. ... Raw umber Umber is a natural brown clay pigment which contains iron and manganese oxides. ...

Etymology

The word crimson has been recorded in English since 1400,^[1] and its earlier forms include cremesin, crymysyn and cramoysin (cf. cramoisy, a crimson cloth). These were adapted via Old Spanish from the Medieval Latin cremesinus (also kermesinus or carmesinus), the dye produced from Kermes scale insects, and can be traced back to the Turkish kırmızı (red in Turkish), which in turn stems from the Sanskrit krmi-ja, a compound meaning "produced by a worm" from krmih "worm" + -ja "produced" (from the Proto-Indo-European *gene-). Events Henry IV quells baron rebellion and executes The Earls of Kent, Huntingdon and Salisbury for their attempt to have Richard II of England restored as King Jean Froissart writes the Chronicles Medici family becomes powerful in Florence, Italy Births December 25 - John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, Lord Lieutenant of... At first just one of many dialects of Iberian Romance spoken in Iberia, the dialect of Castile eventually became identified as the Spanish language (called español or castellano in Spanish). ... Medieval Latin was the form of Latin used in the Middle Ages, primarily as a medium of scholarly exchange and as the liturgical language of the medieval Roman Catholic Church, but also as a language of science, literature, law, and administration. ... Kermes (or chermes) is the dried bodies of the females of a scale insect (Coccus ilicis), allied to the cochineal insect, and found on several species of oak near the Mediterranean. ... The Sanskrit language ( , for short ) is a classical language of India, a liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism, and one of the 23 official languages of India. ... For other uses, see Worm (disambiguation). ... The Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) is the hypothetical common ancestor of the Indo-European languages, spoken by the Proto-Indo-Europeans. ...

A shortened form of carmesinus also gave the Latin carminus, from which comes carmine. Carmine Carminic acid Carmine (IPA: []), also called Crimson Lake, Cochineal, Natural Red 4, C.I. 75470 or E120, is a pigment of a bright red color obtained from the carminic acid produced by some scale insects, such as the cochineal and the Polish cochineal, and is used as a general...

Other cognates include the Old Church Slavic čruminu and the Russian čermnyj "red". Cf. also vermilion. Old Church Slavic (Old Bulgarian, Old Macedonian, and Old Slavic) (it is wrong to write:Slavonic) is the first literary Slavic language, developed from the Slavic dialect of Thessaloniki (Solun) by the 9th century Byzantine missionaries, Saints Cyril and Methodius. ... Vermilion, also spelled vermillion, when found naturally-occurring, is an opaque reddish orange pigment, used since antiquity, originally derived from the powdered mineral cinnabar. ...

Dyes

Main article: carmine

Main article: Kermes (dye)

Carminic acid

Carmine dyes, which give crimson and related red and purple colors, are based on an aluminium and calcium salt of carminic acid. Carmine lake is an aluminium or aluminium-tin lake of cochineal extract, and Crimson lake is prepared by striking down an infusion of cochineal with a 5 percent solution of alum and cream of tartar. Purple lake is prepared like carmine lake with the addition of lime to produce the deep purple tone. Carmine dyes tend to fade quickly. Carmine Carminic acid Carmine (IPA: []), also called Crimson Lake, Cochineal, Natural Red 4, C.I. 75470 or E120, is a pigment of a bright red color obtained from the carminic acid produced by some scale insects, such as the cochineal and the Polish cochineal, and is used as a general... Kermes (or chermes), meaning red insect in the Persian language, is the dried bodies of the females of a scale insect (Kermes ilices), formerly Coccus ilicis, allied to the cochineal insect, and found on several species of oak near the Mediterranean. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (934x446, 12 KB) Chemical structure of carminic acid created with ChemDraw. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (934x446, 12 KB) Chemical structure of carminic acid created with ChemDraw. ... Aluminum redirects here. ... For other uses, see Calcium (disambiguation). ... This article is about common table salt. ... Crimson - A deep red color tinged with blue; also, red color in general; deep red color. ... Aluminum redirects here. ... A Lake pigment is a pigment manufactured by precipitating a dye with an inert binder, usually a metallic salt. ... A percentage is a way of expressing a proportion, a ratio or a fraction as a whole number, by using 100 as the denominator. ... Making a saline water solution by dissolving table salt (NaCl) in water This article is about chemical solutions. ... A crystal of alum Alum, (IPA: ) a nonexistent compound that was imagined by Mary Daly, which serves no purpose than to supply highscool students with work. ... Potassium tartrate structural formula Potassium tartrate, dipotassium tartrate or argol has formula K2C4H4O6. ... Calcium oxide (CaO), commonly known as lime, quicklime or burnt lime, is a widely used chemical compound. ... This article is about the color. ...

Carmine dyes were once widely prized in both the Americas and in Europe. They were used in paints by Michelangelo and for the crimson fabrics of the Hussars, the Turks, the British Redcoats, and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. World map showing the Americas CIA political map of the Americas in an equal-area projection The Americas are the lands of the New World, consisting of the continents of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Michelangelo (disambiguation). ... Polish Hussar Hussar (original Hungarian spelling: huszár, plural huszárok) refers to a number of types of cavalry used throughout Europe since the 15th century. ... RCMP redirects here. ...

Nowadays carmine dyes are used for coloring foodstuffs, medicines and cosmetics. As a food additive, carmine dyes are designated E120, and are also called cochineal and Natural Red 4. Carmine dyes are also used in some oil paints and watercolors used by artists. Make-up redirects here. ... Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavor or improve its taste and appearance. ... Cochineal insects on a cactus Cochineal (Coccus cacti or Dactylopius coccus ) is an insect in the order of Homoptera, found in Mexico and Central and South America. ... View of Delft in oil paint, by Johannes Vermeer. ... Watercolor is a painting technique making use of water-soluble pigments that are either transparent or opaque and are formulated with gum to bond the pigment to the paper. ...

Alizarin crimson

Alizarin Crimson
— Color coordinates —
Hex triplet		#E32636
B	(r, g, b)	(227, 38, 54)
HSV	(h, s, v)	(348°, 90%, 77%)
Source		=BF2S Color Guide
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The shade of red on the infobox to the right is alizarin crimson. This is an artificially created color, used to replace the harder to obtain rose madder. Web colors are colors used in designing web pages, and the methods for describing and specifying those colors. ... For other uses, see Red (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Green (disambiguation). ... This article is about the colour. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... An image with the hues cyclically shifted The hues in the image of this Painted Bunting are cyclically rotated with time. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Chromaticity. ... Brightness is an attribute of visual perception in which a source appears to emit a given amount of light. ... Rose madder can mean: Rose madder, a pinkish color made from madder pigment or dye. ...

Crimson in human culture

This article does not cite any references or sources. (March 2007) Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed.

Computer & Video Games

• A color of Nintendo DS Lite (crimson on top, black on bottom)
• In the arcade game The King Of Fighters, one of the main characters is called Ash Crimson owing to his red outfit and his personality.
• Crimson is a name given to Rosso in Dirge of Cerberus: Final Fantasy VII for her red outfit and bloodthirsty nature.
• In the 1997 playstation strategy game Vandal Hearts the Crimson Guard were a bloodthirsty order of knights and soldiers thats crimson armour matched the color of the blood they spilled.
• Alizarin crimson is one of the colors listed in Donovan's Wear Your Love Like Heaven.

Cultural references

• In English, crimson is traditionally associated with the color of blood, and hence is associated with violence, courage and martyrdom. It was the most distinctive color of British officers' uniforms until the introduction of khaki camouflage, and remains in use for the colours (flag). The King's Royal Hussars still wear crimson trousers. However, the haemoglobin red is darker and has a lower chroma, and the haemoglobin molecule is structurally unrelated.
• In Polish, karmazyn ('crimson') is also a synonym for a Magnate, i.e., a member of the nobility.

Emblem colors

• The international non-profit Greek letter organization Delta Sigma Theta Sorority (ΔΣΘ), Incorporated, uses crimson and cream as its official colors.
• Crimson is the school color of several universities, including Harvard University, Indiana University, New Mexico State University, Saint Joseph's University, University of Alabama, University of Mississippi, University of Oklahoma, University of Utah, Washington State University, Korea University and Worcester Polytechnic Institute. The daily newspaper at Harvard is called The Harvard Crimson, and the daily newspaper at Alabama is called The Crimson White. Harvard's athletic teams are the Crimson, while the University of Alabama competes as The Crimson Tide. The University of Kansas uses crimson paired with a deep blue to create its traditional colors.
• Crimson is a color of several high schools. Morristown-Beard School in New Jersey, a prep school founded by Harvard graduates, has Crimson as its team names. Maple Grove Senior High School in Maple Grove, Minnesota, is called the 'Maple Grove Crimson' and the high school's colors are crimson and gold. duPont Manual High School adopted the Crimson in 1892 and the football team is known as the Manual Crimsons. The teams of Juneau-Douglas High School in Juneau, Alaska are known as the 'Crimson Bears' and their colors are crimson and black.

Literature

• In the Old Testament, the prophet Isaiah uses crimson to symbolize sin. Isaiah 1:18 states, "Come now let us reason together, saith the Lord: though your sins be as scarlet they shall be as white as snow; though they be red like crimson they shall be as wool."
• In fiction, the primary villain of Stephen King's Dark Tower series is the Crimson King. The Crimson King also makes appearances in other King works, such as the novel Insomnia. Bev Vincent notes in his The Road to the Dark Tower that the color is intended to symbolize sickness, madness, and pain.
• In the comic strip Calvin & Hobbes, Calvin's alter ego 'Stupendous Man' wears a crimson outfit.
• In the Dutch comic strip Suske en Wiske (Spike and Suzy) the name of the bad guy is Krimson
• In the American G.I. Joe comic series, the COBRA terrorist organization's elite troopers are called the Crimson Guard.

Music

• King Crimson has been a popular rock group since the debut in 1969 of their first album, In the Court of the Crimson King.
• Crimson is the title of an album by the Swedish death metal band Edge of Sanity. They also made a follow-up to that album, entitled Crimson II.
• Crimson is the title of an Alkaline Trio album.
• Crimson Thunder the 2002 album of Swedish power metal band Hammerfall.
• Kill to Get Crimson is the title of Mark Knopfler's 5th solo album released in September, 2007.
• Crimson and Clover is a song and album by Tommy James and the Shondells.
• Behind Crimson Eyes is a rock band from Melbourne, Australia.
• A Sentenced album.
• "King In Crimson" is the first song from the Bruce Dickinson album The Chemical Wedding.
• The Crimson is the name of a song by Atreyu (band).

Television

• On the public television show The Joy of Painting, Bob Ross usually used alizarin crimson as a color on his palette.

Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... The Nintendo DS Lite ) (sometimes abbreviated DSLite is a dual-screen handheld game console developed and manufactured by Nintendo. ... The King of Fighters ), officially abbreviated KOF, is the premiere series of fighting games by SNK Playmore, formerly SNK. The series was originally developed for SNKs Neo-Geo MVS arcade hardware, which served as the main platform for the series until 2004, when SNK retired the MVS in favor... Ash Crimson is a video game character in the King of Fighters series. ... Dirge of Cerebus: Final Fantasy VII is an upcoming Japanese console video game developed by Square Enix for the Sony PlayStation 2. ... Vandal Hearts is a Japanese tactical role-playing video game developed by Konami Computer Entertainment Tokyo for the Sony PlayStation and the Sega Saturn. ... For other uses, see Donovan (disambiguation). ... Wear Your Love Like Heaven is a song and single by Donovan, released in 1967. ... For other uses, see Blood (disambiguation). ... The Kings Royal Hussars is an armoured regiment of the British Army. ... 3-dimensional structure of hemoglobin Hemoglobin or haemoglobin is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red cells of the blood in mammals and other animals. ... Polish Magnate (17th century) Magnate, from the Late Latin magnas, a great man, itself from Latin magnus great, designates a noble or other man in a high social position, by birth, wealth or other qualities. ... Nobility is a traditional hereditary status (see hereditary titles) that exists today in many countries (mainly present or former monarchies). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Harvard redirects here. ... Indiana University is the principal campus of the Indiana University system. ... New Mexico State University, or NMSU, is a land-grant university that has its main campus in Las Cruces, New Mexico. ... This article is about the university in the United States. ... The University of Alabama (also known as Alabama, UA or colloquially as Bama) is a public coeducational university located in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA. Founded in 1831, UA is the flagship school of the University of Alabama System. ... The University of Mississippi, also known as Ole Miss, is a public, coeducational research university located in Oxford, Mississippi. ... University of Oklahoma, abbreviated OU, is a coeducational public research university located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. ... The University of Utah (also The U or the U of U or the UU), located in Salt Lake City, is the flagship public research university in the state of Utah, and one of 10 institutions that make up the Utah System of Higher Education. ... Washington State University (WSU) is a major public research university in Pullman, Washington. ... Korea University is located in central Seoul, with a secondary campus in Jochiwon, South Korea, and is generally regarded as one of the most prestigious universities in Korea. ... Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) is a private university located in Worcester, Massachusetts, in the United States. ... The Harvard Crimson, the breakfast daily of Harvard University, was founded in 1873. ... The Crimson White, known colloquially as The CW, is the student-run newspaper of the University of Alabama. ... Athletic teams at The University of Alabama are known as the Crimson Tide. ... The University of Kansas (often referred to as KU or just Kansas) is an institution of higher learning in Lawrence, Kansas. ... Morristown-Beard School is an independent coeducational day school, serving students in sixth through twelfth grade, located in Morristown, in Morris County, New Jersey. ... {{Infobox_School2 | name = Maple Grove Senior High School |image = |motto = |established =1996 |type = Public |head_name= Principal |head = Wendy Loberg |students= approx. ... DuPont Manual High School (spelled with a lower-case d) is a secondary school located at 120 West Lee Street in downtown Louisville, Kentucky. ... City Louisville, Kentucky Team Colors Crimson and white Head Coach Joe Nichols League/Conference affiliations Kentucky High School Athletic Association (19??-present) Team history Manual Crimsons (1892-present) National Championships (2) 1925, 1938 State Championships (5) 1925, 1938, 1948, 1959, 1966 Home fields Manual Stadium (1892-present) // Manual Stadium Manual... Juneau-Douglas High School (abbreviated JDHS) is the only public, mainstream high school serving students in grades 9–12 for all of Juneau, Alaska, and Douglas Island as well as the primary high school for the Juneau School District. ... For other persons named Stephen King, see Stephen King (disambiguation). ... The Dark Tower can refer to one of several things: The Dark Tower (series) — a series of novels by Stephen King. ... Calvin and Hobbes is a comic strip written and illustrated by Bill Watterson, following the humorous antics of Calvin, an imaginative six-year-old boy, and Hobbes, his energetic and sardonic – albeit stuffed – tiger. ... This article is about the musical group. ... Edge of Sanity are a Swedish melodic death metal band whose work often delves into experimental, even progressive, territory. ... Alkaline Trio (sometimes referred to as Ak3 or Alk3) is a band from Chicago consisting of Matt Skiba on guitar/vocals, Dan Andriano on bass/vocals, and Derek Grant on drums/back-up vocals. ... Back Cover Back Cover Crimson Thunder is the fourth studio release by Swedish metal band HammerFall. ... Kill To Get Crimson is the fifth solo album by Mark Knopfler, released 17 September 2007. ... This article cites very few or no references or sources. ... Behind Crimson Eyes are an Australian rock band from Melbourne, Victoria. ... Sentenced was a death/doom metal band formed in 1989, in the town of Muhos, Finland. ... The Chemical Wedding is a heavy metal album released in 1998 (see 1998 in music) by Bruce Dickinson in collaboration with guitarist and producer Roy Z. It draws some inspiration from the works of William Blake, although the name of the album and its title track derives from the Rosicrucian... The Crimson is the sixth song from Atreyus second full-length album, The Curse. ... Atreyu is a metalcore band from Orange County, California. ... Bob Ross at his easel The Joy of Painting was an American television show hosted by Bob Ross that taught viewers basic techniques for landscape oil painting. ... This article is about the painter and television presenter. ... Alizarin, is the red dye originally derived from the root of the madder plant. ...

References

1. ^ The first recorded use of crimson as a color name in English was in 1400 according to the following book: Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930--McGraw Hill Page 193; Color Sample of Crimson: Page 31 Plate 4 Color Sample K6

The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Events Henry IV quells baron rebellion and executes The Earls of Kent, Huntingdon and Salisbury for their attempt to have Richard II of England restored as King Jean Froissart writes the Chronicles Medici family becomes powerful in Florence, Italy Births December 25 - John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, Lord Lieutenant of...

See also

• Red dye insects: cochineal, Kermes vermilio, Polish cochineal
• List of colors
• Scarlet
• Red
• Amaranth
• Alizarin Crimson
• Rose
• Carmine

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Crimson

Binomial name Costa, 1835 Synonyms Coccus cacti Linnaeus, 1758 Pseudococcus cacti Burmeister, 1839 Cochineal is the name of both crimson or carmine dye and the cochineal insect (Dactylopius coccus), a scale insect in the suborder Sternorrhyncha, from which the dye is derived. ... Binomial name Kermes vermilio Planchon, 1864 Kermes vermilio is one of the species of Kermes used to make crimson. ... Binomial name Porphyrophora polonica Linnaeus, 1758 Area where the Polish cochineal was found in commercial quantities[2] Synonyms Coccus polonicus Linnaeus, 1758 Coccus radicum Beckmann, 1790 Coccionella polonica Hahnemann, 1793 Porphyrophora frischii Brandt, 1835 Porphyrophora fritchii Signoret, 1869 Margarodes polonicus Cockerell, 1902 Polish cochineal (Porphyrophora polonica L.), also known as... The following is a partial list of colors with associated articles. ... Scarlet (from the Persian saqirlat or Latin astacus, crayfish) is a red color with a hue that is somewhat toward the orange. ... For other uses, see Red (disambiguation). ... Amaranth (#E52B50) Amaranth is a red color that is a representation of the color of the flower of the amaranth plant. ... Alizarin, is the red dye originally derived from the root of the madder plant. ... Rose is the colour that is defined in colour theory as being the colour halfway between red and magenta (the web color fuchsia) on the color wheel. ... Carmine Carminic acid Carmine (IPA: []), also called Crimson Lake, Cochineal, Natural Red 4, C.I. 75470 or E120, is a pigment of a bright red color obtained from the carminic acid produced by some scale insects, such as the cochineal and the Polish cochineal, and is used as a general... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...

References

(incomplete)

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
• Etymology OnLine

Encyclopædia Britannica, the eleventh edition The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...