The Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts (Latin Academia Scientiarum et Artium Croatica, Croatian Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti) is the national academy of Croatia.

The institution was founded in Zagreb (then mostly known as Agram, in German) in 1867 as the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts. The bishop and benefactor Josip Juraj Strossmayer, a prominent advocate of higher education during the 19th century Croatian national romanticism, set up a trust fund for this purpose and in 1860 submitted a large donation to the then ban (viceroy) of Croatia Josip Šokčević for the cause of being able to "converge all better minds ... to decide how to create a people's book in the Slavic south as soon as possible, and how it could encompass all branches of human science".

After some years of deliberations by the Croatian Parliament and the Emperor Franz Joseph, it was finally sanctioned by law in 1866. The official sponsor was Josip Juraj Strossmayer, while the first President of the Academy was the distinguished Croatian historian Franjo Rački. Its creation was the logical extension of the University of Zagreb, the institution initially created in 1669 and also renewed by bishop Strossmayer in 1874.