The Cross of Lorraine, ‡, is a heraldic cross. The "double cross" consists of a vertical line crossed by two smaller horizontal bars. The lower bar is as close to the bottom of the vertical as the upper bar is to the top. In the ancient version, both bars were of the same length. In 20th century use it is displayed as "graded", where the lower bar is longer than the upper, thus resembling a patriarchal cross, the crossbars of which, however, are both near the top. Cross of Lorraine uploaded from the French Version, under GNU File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. ... A Greek cross (all arms of equal length) above a saltire, a cross rotated by 45 degrees A famous Armenian khachkar at Goshavank (Notice the cross). ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... Patriarchal cross The Patriarchal cross is a variant of the Christian cross, the universal religious symbol of Christendom. ...

Symbol in France

The Cross of Lorraine is part of the heraldic arms of Lorraine in eastern France. It was originally held to be a symbol of Joan of Arc, renowned for her perseverance against foreign invaders of France (in her case, the English). Between 1871 and 1918 (and again between 1940-1944), the northern third of Lorraine was annexed to Germany, along with Alsace. During that period the cross served as a rallying point for French ambitions to recover its lost provinces. This historical significance lent it considerable weight as a symbol of French patriotism. Lorraine coat of arms location of the Lorraine province Lorraine (French: Lorraine; German: Lothringen) is a historical area in present-day northeast France. ... Joan of Arc, also known as Jeanne dArc,[1] (1412 - May 30, 1431)[2] is a 15th century national heroine of France. ... This article is about the English as an ethnic group and nation. ... 1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Imperial Province of Elsaß-Lothringen Alsace-Lorraine (German: , generally Elsass-Lothringen) was a territorial entity created by the German Empire in 1871 after the annexation of most of Alsace and parts of Lorraine in the Franco-Prussian War. ... (New région flag) (Region logo) Location Administration Capital Regional President Departments Bas-Rhin Haut-Rhin Arrondissements 13 Cantons 75 Communes 903 Statistics Land area1 8,280 km² Population (Ranked 14th)  - January 1, 2006 est. ...

The flag of Free France featured a red Cross of Lorraine on a standard Flag of France.

During World War II, the cross was adopted as the official symbol of the Free French Forces (French: Forces Françaises Libres, or FFL) under Charles de Gaulle. Image File history File links Flag_of_Free_France_1940-1944. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Free_France_1940-1944. ... Flag Ratio: 2:3 The national flag of France (Vexillological symbol: , known in French as drapeau tricolore, drapeau bleu-blanc-rouge, drapeau français, rarely, le tricolore and, in military parlance, les couleurs) is a tricolour featuring three vertical bands coloured blue (hoist side), white, and red. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Free French Forces under review during the Battle of Normandy. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

The capitaine de corvette Thierry d'Argenlieu suggested the adoption of the Cross of Lorraine as symbol of the Free French, both to recall the perseverance of Joan of Arc (whose symbol it had been), and as an answer to the Hakenkreuz. The rank insignia of the French Navy are worn on epaulettes of shirts and white jackets, and on sleeves for navy jackets and mantels. ... Georges Thierry dArgenlieu (right) with Brigadier General Alexander M. Patch. ... Joan of Arc, also known as Jeanne dArc,[1] (1412 - May 30, 1431)[2] is a 15th century national heroine of France. ... The swastika is a cross with its arms 90° to either right or left. ...

In his general order number 2 of 3 July 1940, vice-admiral Émile Muselier, then chief of the naval and air forces of the Free French for only two days, created the bow flag displaying the French colours with a red cross of Lorraine, and a cocarde also featuring the cross of Lorraine. is the 184th day of the year (185th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Emile Henry Muselier (Marseilles, 17 April 1882 - Toulon, 2 September 1965) was a French admiral who led the naval forces of the Free French Forces during World War II. He was responsible for the idea of distinguishing his fleet from that of Vichy France by adopting the Cross of Lorraine... A cockade is a knot of ribbons, or other symbol of distinctive colours which is usually worn on a hat. ...

Appropriately, de Gaulle is memorialised by a gigantic 43 meter high Cross of Lorraine at his home village of Colombey-les-Deux-Églises. Colombey-les-deux-Églises is a village and commune in the Haute-Marne départment, France, located at 48 13N 4 54E. It has a population of around 700 people. ...

The cross was also carried on the fuselages of aircraft flying on behalf of the Forces Aériennes Françaises Libres (FAFL) from 1940 to 1943 to distinguish them from the aircraft of the Vichy French air force, which continued to sport the traditional French air force (Armée de l'Air) roundels, dating from World War I. Motto Travail, famille, patrie French: Unoccupied zone of Vichy France (until November 1942) Capital Vichy Language(s) French Religion Roman Catholic Government Dictatorship Chief of state  - 1940 — 1944 Henri Philippe Pétain President of the Council  - 1940 — 1942 Philippe Pétain  - 1942 — 1944 Pierre Laval Legislature National Assembly Historical era... The familiar French military aviation roundel gave rise to similar roundels for air forces all over the world, including that of the United Kingdom (RAF), which reversed the colors on the French roundel. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ...

The Cross of Lorraine was later adopted by Gaullist movements such as the Rally for the Republic. Gaullism is a French political ideology based on the thought and action of Charles de Gaulle. ... The Rally for the Republic, also known by its French acronym RPR (Rassemblement pour la République), was a French political party. ...

The French frigate Aconit, named after the corvette Aconit of the Free French Forces, flies the Cross of Lorraine on her unit flag

Image File history File links FS_Aconit_1. ... Image File history File links FS_Aconit_1. ... The Aconit is a large multi-mission stealth frigate of the French Marine Nationale. ... Aconit (J1095, formerly HMS Aconite, K58) was one of the nine Flower-class corvettes lent by the Royal Navy to the Force Navales Françaises Libres (Free French Naval Forces). ... Free French Forces under review during the Battle of Normandy. ...

European heraldry

The flag of Slovakia and the Slovak coat of arms both include the cross of Lorraine. In Slovakia, the cross of Lorraine as a symbol of Lorraine is considered to have arisen when the Great Moravian king Svatopluk I "passed" it to Zwentibold of Lorraine, the godchild of Svatopluk and son of the emperor Arnulf of Carinthia. Flag ratio: 2:3 When flown vertically the coat of arms is rotated. ... Coat of arms of Slovakia The coat of arms of Slovakia is composed of a silver (argent) double cross, elevated on the middle peak of a dark blue mountain consisting of three peaks. ... Svatopluk (-modern Czech name; modern Slovak name: Svätopluk; Old Slavic Свѧтопълкъ; reconstructed name: Sventopluk; some names in Latin texts: Suentopolcus, Zventopluk, Suatopluk, Zwentibald) (around 830 - 894) from the Mojmírs dynasty was the prince of the Nitrian principality (850s - 871) and then the king of Great Moravia (871 - 894). ... Zwentibold (870 – August 13, 900) was the illegimate son of the Emperor Arnulf of Carinthia. ... Later romantic portrait of Arnulf. ...

The Hungarian coat of arms also depicts a double cross, which is often attributed to Byzantine influence on Pannonia and Great Moravia, early precursors to present-day Hungary and Slovakia. Coat of Arms of Hungary The Coat of Arms of Hungary was adopted in July 1990, after the end of the Socialist regime, although it has been used before, both with and without the crown, sometimes as part of a larger, more complex coat of arms, and many of its... Byzantine Empire at its greatest extent c. ... Position of the Roman province of Pannonia Pannonia is an ancient country bounded north and east by the Danube, conterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia. ... Great Moravia was an empire existing in Central Europe between 833 and the early 10th century. ...

Order of the Cross of Vytis, a Lithuanian presidential award

A golden double cross with equal bars, known as the Cross of Jagiellons, was used by Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland Jogaila since his conversion to Christianity in 1386, as a personal insignia and was introduced in the Coat of Arms of Lithuania. Initially, the lower bar of the cross was longer than the upper, since it originates from the Hungarian type of the double cross. It later became the symbol of Jagiellon dynasty and is one of the national symbols of Lithuania, featured in the Order of the Cross of Vytis. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Order of the Cross of Vytis is a Lithuanian Presidential Award conferred on people who heroically defended Lithuania’s freedom and independence. ... The presumable banner of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania with the coat of arms, called Пагоня in Belarusian, Vytis in Lithuanian and Pogoń in Polish Another version of the Lithuanian banner The Grand Duchy of Lithuania ( Lithuanian: Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštyst... Poland was ruled by dukes (c. ... Jogaila, or WÅ‚adysÅ‚aw II JagieÅ‚Å‚o[1] (ca 1362–1434), was a Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland. ... Events Battle of Sempach: Swiss safeguard independence from Habsburg rule End of reign of Poland by Capet-Anjou family. ... Vytis. ... The Jagiellons were a royal dynasty originating in Lithuania, which reigned in some Central European countries between the 14th and 16th century. ... The symbols of Lithuania are used in Lithuania and abroad to represent the country and its people, history, culture, and nature. ... The Order of the Cross of Vytis is a Lithuanian Presidential Award conferred on people who heroically defended Lithuania’s freedom and independence. ...

The double cross is one of the national symbols in Belarus. The Belarusian version of the cross symbolises the Cross of Euphrosyne of Polatsk, an important religious artefact. The symbol is supposed to have Byzantine roots and is used by the Belarusian Greek Catholic Church as a symbol uniting Eastern-Byzantine and Western-Latin church traditions. The Belarusian Cross can be found on the traditional coat of arms of Belarus, the Pahonia. Euphrosyne (sometimes spelled Efrasinnia) of Polatsk (or Polacak, Polotsk) (Belarusian: Эўфрасі́ньня По́лацкая) was the granddaughter of a prince of Polacak, Usiaslau. ... Byzantine Empire at its greatest extent c. ... The Belarusian Greek Catholic Church (Belaruskaya Hreka-Katalickaya Carkva, BHKC), sometimes called, in reference to its Byzantine Rite, the Belarusian Byzantine Catholic Church, is the heir within Belarus of the Union of Brest. ... Eastern Christianity refers collectively to the Christian traditions and churches which developed in Greece, Russia, Armenia, the Balkans, Eastern Europe, Asia Minor, the Middle East, northeastern Africa and southern India over several centuries of religious antiquity. ... The Latin Church is that part of the Roman Catholic Church where the Latin rites are or were used in the liturgy. ... The Pahonia (Belarusian: , translated as Chase) is a historical symbol of Belarus. ...

Other uses

The cross is used as an emblem by the American Lung Association and related organisations through the world, and as such is familiar from their Christmas Seals program. Its use was suggested in 1902 by Paris physician Gilbert Sersiron as a symbol for the "crusade" against tuberculosis. ^{[1] [2]} The American Lung Association is a non-profit organization which fights lung disease in all its forms, with special emphasis on asthma, tobacco control and environmental health. It was founded in 1904 to fight tuberculosis as the National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis. ... The US Christmas seal of 1925 features holly and mistletoe behind the candles. ... Tuberculosis (abbreviated as TB for Tubercle Bacillus) is a common and deadly infectious disease that is caused by mycobacteria, primarily Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ...

In the television series, Magnum, P.I., Thomas Magnum and his Vietnam War comrades wear rings with the cross of Lorraine. Magnum, P.I. was an American television show that followed the adventures of Thomas Magnum (played by Tom Selleck), a private investigator living in Hawaii. ...

The flag of the Norsefire Party as portrayed in the film
V for Vendetta.

In the graphic novels and film adaptation of V for Vendetta, a modified and rotated version of the Cross of Lorraine is used as the symbol of the Norsefire Party, a fascist regime that has taken over England. The symbol is red on a black background. Image File history File links Fbnfvv. ... Image File history File links Fbnfvv. ... This article is about the comic book series. ... This article is about the comic book series. ... V for Vendetta is a 2006 action-thriller film set in London, England in a near-future dystopian society. ... Norsefire is the fictional right-wing political party currently ruling the United Kingdom in Alan Moore and David Lloyds V for Vendetta comic book series. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem - the  United Kingdom anthem God Save the Queen is commonly used England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Unified  -  by Athelstan 927 AD  Area  -  Total 130...

The cross of Lorraine is also used in the SABRE GDS (global distribution system), a computer program used by travel agents. Sabre Travel Network (STN) is the line of technology developed by Sabre Inc. ...

Exxon corporate logo uses a modified version of the cross of Lorraine. Exxon Mobil Corporation or ExxonMobil (NYSE: XOM), headquartered in Irving, Texas, is an oil producer and distributor formed on November 30, 1999, by the merger of Exxon and Mobil. ...

Miscellaneous

The "Cross of Lorraine" symbol appears in Unicode as U+2628 (☨) or U+2021 (‡) and in HTML as ‡ (‡). Unicode is an industry standard designed to allow text and symbols from all of the writing systems of the world to be consistently represented and manipulated by computers. ... HTML, short for Hypertext Markup Language, is the predominant markup language for the creation of web pages. ...

The Cross of Lorraine was noted as a symbol of the Free French in the award-winning film Casablanca. A ring bearing the Cross was worn by Norwegian underground agent Berger and shown to one of the movies heroes — Victor Laszlo — as proof of loyalty. Casablanca is an Oscar-winning 1942 romance film set during World War II in the Vichy-controlled Moroccan city of Casablanca. ...

The tampion of the Rubis features the Cross of Lorraine in honour of the Free French eponymous submarine.

The electronic music band Psychic TV, more specifically Genesis P-Orridge, produced a "sigil" which is very similar to the "Cross of Lorraine." Psychic TV logo Image File history File links Tape-rubis. ... Image File history File links Tape-rubis. ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ... The Rubis (S 601 ; ex Provence) is a first-generation nuclear attack submarine of the French Navy, named after the French submarine Rubis which distinguished herself during the Second World War. ... It has been suggested that Electronica be merged into this article or section. ... Psychic TV (sometimes spelt Psychick TV) or PTV, is primarily an electronic music group that occasionally forays into psychedelic, punk and experimental music. ... Genesis P-Orridge (born Neil Andrew Megson February 22, 1950) is an English performer, musician, writer and artist. ... An excerpt from Sefer Raziel HaMalakh, featuring various magical sigils (or סגולות, seguloth, in Hebrew). ...

Controversial noise musician and one-time LaVeyan Satanist Boyd Rice has also adopted the Cross of Lorraine as a symbol, explicitly because of its hermetic associations. [1] Noise music is a sub-genre of experimental music constructed from noise as opposed to recognisable sound or pitches. ... Anton Szandor LaVey Anton Szandor LaVey, born Howard Stanton Levey[1][2] (11 April 1930 – 29 October 1997) was the founder and High Priest of the Church of Satan as well as a writer, occultist, musician, and actor. ... Satanism Associated organizations Church of Satan First Satanic Church First Church of Satan Prominent figures Anton LaVey | Blanche Barton | Peter H. Gilmore | Peggy Nadramia | Karla LaVey Associated concepts Left-Hand Path | Objectivism | Pentagonal Revisionism | Suitheism | Survival of the fittest | Might is Right Books and publications The Satanic Bible | The Satanic... Boyd Rice (born 1956) is an American experimental sound artist, occultist, archivist, actor, photographer, prankster and writer best known for his pioneering industrial noise music under the name NON. // Rice started creating experimental noise recordings in 1975, drawing on his interest in tape machines and bubblegum pop sung by female... Hermeticism should not be confused with the concept of a hermit. ...

The band Marilyn Manson have adopted a slightly different version of the Lorraine Cross as a logo representing their 2007 album Eat Me, Drink Me, as well as for Marilyn Manson's art movement The Celebritarian Corporation, sometimes referring to the symbol as "The Double Cross". Previous adopted symbols have included the electric shock arrow, the omega, and the astronomical symbol for Mercury. Marilyn Manson is a rock band based in Los Angeles, California. ... // January George Shearing is knighted for services to music in the Queens New Year Honours List. ... Eat Me, Drink Me is Marilyn Mansons sixth studio album, released worldwide on June 5, 2007. ... Marilyn Manson (born Brian Hugh Warner ) is the lead singer of the band Marilyn Manson. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Marilyn Manson (person). ... Look up Ω, ω in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A giant Hubble mosaic of the Crab Nebula, a supernova remnant Astronomy is the science of celestial objects (such as stars, planets, comets, and galaxies) and phenomena that originate outside the Earths atmosphere (such as auroras and cosmic background radiation). ... This article is about the planet. ...

The Cross of Lorraine is the faction symbol used by the Hungarians in Medieval Total War. Medieval: Total War (MTW), is a real-time strategy game where the player builds a dynastic empire in medieval Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. ...

See also

• Patriarchal cross
• Coat of Arms of Slovakia (describes the meaning of the cross and how the patriarchal cross probably became the cross of Lorraine)
• Kotwica, the symbol of the Polish Secret State

Patriarchal cross The Patriarchal cross is a variant of the Christian cross, the universal religious symbol of Christendom. ... Coat of arms of Slovakia The coat of arms of Slovakia is composed of a silver (argent) double cross, elevated on the middle peak of a dark blue mountain consisting of three peaks. ... Kotwica painted on one of the monuments in Warsaw by the Szare Szeregi Kotwica (Polish anchor) was the symbol of the Polish Secret State and the Armia Krajowa during World War II. It was created in 1942 by the members of the Wawer Small Sabotage unit of the Armia Krajowa... Polish Secret State (also known as Polish Underground State; Polish Polskie Państwo Podziemne) is a term coined by Jan Karski in his book Story of a Secret State; it is used to refer to all underground resistance organizations in Poland during World War II, both military and civilian. ...

Notes

1. ^ The Cross of Lorraine – a symbol of the anti-TB “crusade”. TB Alert. Retrieved on 2006-11-18.
2. ^ History of the Double-Barred Cross. Alberta Lung Association. Retrieved on 2006-11-18.

For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... is the 322nd day of the year (323rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... is the 322nd day of the year (323rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Cross of Lorraine

• The Cross of Lorraine and other French national symbols
• seiyaku.com: The Cross of Lorraine
• symbols.com: The common Cross of Lorraine
• symbols.com: The heraldic Cross of Lorraine