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Encyclopedia > Crotales
Crotales (upper right) are often used with other mallet percussion
Crotales (upper right) are often used with other mallet percussion

Crotales, sometimes called antique cymbals, are percussion instruments consisting of small, tuned bronze or brass disks. Each is about 4 inches in diameter with a flat top surface and a nipple on the base. They are commonly played by being struck with hard mallets. However, they may also be played by striking two disks together in the same manner as finger cymbals, or by bowing. Their sound is rather like a small tuned bell. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 534 pixelsFull resolution (3076 × 2052 pixel, file size: 939 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 534 pixelsFull resolution (3076 × 2052 pixel, file size: 939 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... A percussion instrument is any object which produces a sound by being struck with an implement, shaken, rubbed, scraped, or by any other action which sets the object into vibration. ... The term Tuned percussion refers to any number of percussion instruments that are tuned to and played in a particular pitch. ... A pair of drum sticks. ... ZIL is a three-letter abbreviation with multiple meanings, as described below: Zork Implementation Language (ZIL) is the language which Infocom used to produce their works of interactive fiction. ... A bell is a simple sound-making device. ...


Modern crotales are arranged chromatically and have a range of up to two octaves. They are typically available in sets (commonly one octave), but may also be purchased individually. Crotales are treated as transposing instruments; music for crotales is written two octaves lower than the sounding pitch. The chromatic scale is a scale with twelve pitches, each a semitone or half step apart. ... In music, an octave (sometimes abbreviated 8ve) is the interval between one musical note and another with half or double its frequency. ... A transposing instrument is a musical instrument whose music is written at a pitch different from concert pitch. ...


One of the earliest uses of crotales in the orchestral repertoire is Claude Debussy's Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune. The chamber music composition From Me Flows What You Call Time by Toru Takemitsu features crotales in a prominent role. In Joseph Schwantner's ...and the mountains rising nowhere the composer calls for the instrument to be bowed with a double bass bow, producing an eerie, sustained glass harmonica-like effect. Claude Debussy, photo by Félix Nadar, 1908. ... The Prélude à laprès-midi dun faune (or Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun) is a musical composition for orchestra by Claude Debussy that was first performed in 1894. ... Tōru Takemitsu (武満 徹 Takemitsu Tōru, October 8, 1930 - February 20, 1996) was a Japanese composer of music, who explored the compositional principles of Western classical music and his native Japanese tradition both in isolation and in combination. ... Joseph Schwantner (b. ... An Armonica. ...


Crotales are also found in prehistory. The National Museum of Ireland has several examples on display dating from the late Bronze Age (1200-800BC) which were found in a hoard alongside various brass wind instruments.


Use in popular music

In the Rush song: "YYZ", Neil Peart uses Crotales in the beginning of the song. Rush is a Canadian rock band comprising bassist, keyboardist, and vocalist Geddy Lee, guitarist Alex Lifeson, and drummer and lyricist Neil Peart. ... YYZ is an instrumental song by Rush, from the 1981 album Moving Pictures. ... Neil Ellwood Peart (IPA: ) OC, (born September 12, 1952 in Hagersville, Ontario) is a Canadian musician and author. ...


In the Dream Theater song: "A Change Of Seasons", Mike Portnoy uses Crotales in a break in the song. (Timestamp:2:06) Dream Theater is a progressive metal band formed by three students at the Berklee College of Music in 1985. ... Michael Stephen Mike Portnoy (born April 20, 1967) is an American drummer primarily known for his work with the progressive metal band Dream Theater. ...


External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
2004 SPS Outstanding Student Awards for Undergraduate Research (0 words)
Crotales are center-weighted, tuned cymbals that are found in the percussion section of most orchestras.
In this study, the acoustic and vibrational properties of crotales in the octaves from Cs to Cg are theoretically and experimentally investigated.
The acoustic spectra of the crotales are compared to theoretical predictions for flat circular plates clamped at the center as well as for clamped annular plates.
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