The Crystal Palace Transmitter is a telecommunications tower in the Crystal Palace area in the London Borough of Bromley, England (grid reference TQ339712). Today it is the second-tallest structure in London. It is best-known as the main television transmitter for the London area. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1935x2241, 1234 KB) Description: Crystal Palace Transmitter. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1935x2241, 1234 KB) Description: Crystal Palace Transmitter. ... Telecommunication involves the transmission of signals over a distance for the purpose of communication. ... Crystal Palace is an area in south London, England within the postcode London SE19, named after the Crystal Palace, relocated to Upper Norwood in 1854. ... The London Borough of Bromley is a London Borough of outer southeast London, England. ... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: Multiple unofficial anthems Capital London Largest city London Official language(s) English Government Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Queen Elizabeth II  - Prime Minister Tony Blair MP Unification    - by Athelstan AD927  Area    - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK)   50,346 sq mi   - Water (%) Population... The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

History and development

Constructed in 1950, at 222 m (728 ft) tall it was the tallest structure in London until the construction of the One Canada Square tower at Canary Wharf in 1991. Despite its size, it has been largely overlooked as a London landmark due to its location and simplicity. It has been nicknamed London's Eiffel Tower. metre or meter, see meter (disambiguation) A metre or meter[1] (symbol: m) is a unit of length and the current base unit of length in the International System of Units (SI). ... A foot (plural: feet) is any of several old units of distance or length, measuring around a quarter to a third of a meter. ... 1 Canada Square building (centre) One Canada Square, a skyscraper in London, is the tallest building in the United Kingdom. ... HSBC Tower (left), One Canada Square (centre), Citigroup Centre (right) Canary Wharf in Tower Hamlets, London, United Kingdom, is a large business development on the Isle of Dogs, centred on the old West India Docks in the London Docklands. ... The Tower at sunrise. ...

When first constructed it only transmitted BBC Television on the old VHF 405-line system. The Croydon transmitter was then built to broadcast ITV. When UHF transmissions started in 1964 first the new BBC2 and later both ITV and BBC1 were then transmitted from Crystal Palace. However even now Crystal Palace does not transmit analogue Channel 5, this (alone) comes from Croydon about two miles away (although Croydon does have reserve transmitters for ITV and Channel 4, which are only used in the event of a fault or maintenance at Crystal Palace). 405-line VHF television was discontinued in 1985, and now the only television broadcasts from Crystal Palace are on UHF. Very high frequency (VHF) is the radio frequency range from 30 MHz to 300 MHz. ... 405 line is the name of a monochrome analogue television broadcasting system in operation in the UK between 1936 and 1985, and also used for some time in Ireland and Hong Kong. ... The Croydon Transmitter is a television transmission facility in Upper Norwood, London, England (grid reference TQ332696), in the London Borough of Croydon, owned by Arqiva. ... ITV (Independent Television) is the name given to the original network of British commercial television broadcasters, set up under the Independent Television Authority (ITA) to provide competition to the BBC. In England, Wales and southern Scotland, the channel has been rebranded to ITV1 by ITV plc, the owners of the... This article is about the radio frequency. ...

The station carries the London regions of BBC One, BBC Two, ITV1 and Channel 4 in analogue, each with an effective radiated power of 1 MW, as well as all six digital terrestrial television multiplexes. These have an ERP of 20 kW, with considerable beam tilt to the south and east. Although DTT requires far less power to achieve the same coverage as analogue TV, this 17 dB difference is too large to ensure comparable coverage. The station therefore has a range of about 30 miles (50 km) for DTT, compared with about 60 miles (90 km) for analogue. BBC One (or BBC1 as it was formerly styled) is the oldest television station in the world. ... BBC Two (or BBC2 as it was formerly styled) was the second UK television station to be aired by the BBC and Europes first television channel to broadcast regularly in colour (from 1967), envisaged as a home for less mainstream and more ambitious programming. ... ITV1 is a terrestrial, free-to-air television channel broadcast in the United Kingdom by the ITV network. ... Channel 4 is a public service television broadcaster in the United Kingdom (see British television). ... In radio telecommunications, effective radiated power or ERP is determined by subtracting system losses from system gains. ... The megawatt (symbol: MW) is a unit for measuring power corresponding to one million (106) watts. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Digital television. ... A multiplex is a group of digital TV channels that are mixed together for broadcast. ... The kilowatt (symbol: kW) is a unit for measuring power, equal to one thousand watts. ... Beam tilt is used in radio to aim the main lobe of the vertical plane radiation pattern of an antenna below (or above) the horizontal plane. ... The decibel (dB) is a measure of the ratio between two quantities, and is used in a wide variety of measurements in acoustics, physics and electronics. ... A mile is the name of a unit of length, usually used to measure distance, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... km redirects here. ...

The tower is also used for FM radio transmission of several local radio stations BBC London 94.9, XFM, Choice FM and Virgin Radio, as well as a low powered relay of the 4 BBC national FM services and Classic FM. It also has mediumwave transmitters on 558 kHz (Spectrum Radio), 720 kHz (BBC Radio 4) and 1035 kHz (Kismat Radio). Since the tower is grounded, a wire aerial spun close to it is used for the MW services. The abbreviations FM, Fm, and fm may refer to: Electrical engineering Frequency modulation (FM) and its most common applications: FM broadcasting, used primarily to broadcast music and speech at VHF frequencies FM synthesis, a sound-generation technique popularized by early digital synthesizers Science Femtometre (fm), an SI measure of length... BBC London 94. ... Xfm is a commercial radio station in the United Kingdom. ... Choice FM is the name of two commercial radio stations in London, specialising in R&B and reggae. ... Virgin Radio is a British commercial music radio station based in London. ... Classic FM is the United Kingdoms first national commercial radio station, broadcasting classical music in a popular and accessible style. ... Mediumwave radio transmissions serves as the most common band for broadcasting. ... A kilohertz (kHz) is a unit of frequency equal to 1,000 hertz (1,000 cycles per second). ... BBC Radio 4 is a British domestic radio station which broadcasts a wide variety of chiefly spoken-word programmes including news, drama, comedy, science and history. ... Kismat Radio is a radio station in London broadcasting from the Crystal Palace Transmitter in south-east London. ... Mediumwave radio transmissions serves as the most common band for broadcasting. ...

Since 1995, the tower has also been in use as one of five London transmitters for the BBC DAB multiplex. This was joined in 1999 by the Digital One DAB service, and a further local DAB multiplex has also since started transmitting. Founded in 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company Ltd (a privately owned company), subsequently Incorporated and nationalised in 1927 as The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC, also informally known as the Beeb or Auntie) is the largest broadcasting corporation in the world. ... Digital Audio Broadcasting or DAB is a technology for broadcasting audio programming in digital form that was designed in the late 1980s. ... In telecommunications, multiplexing (also muxing or MUXing) is the combining of two or more information channels onto a common transmission medium using hardware called a multiplexer or (MUX). ... Digital One is a national commercial digital radio multiplex in the United Kingdom, owned by GCap Media and transmitted on frequency block 11D. It broadcasts the following channels receivable on any digital-equipped radio: Classic FM - national commercial classical music station, also on FM Core - semi-automated pop music station...

In May 2006, Crystal Palace began broadcasting the first terrestrial HDTV signals in the UK. This is to enable a trial group of 450 London homes to test HD broadcasts by the BBC, ITV, Channel 4 and Five, in order to assess the viability and potential problems of future nationwide HD broadcasting. Projection screen in a home theater, displaying a high-definition television image. ...

Future developments

The UK Government's plans for digital switchover are based on the use of almost all of the UK's current analogue TV transmitter sites. As such, Crystal Palace is expected to remain a key part of the network when the London area is switched over in 2012. Digital switchover is the name given to the process in which analogue broadcast television in an area is converted to digital television. ...

Channels listed by frequency

• Analogue Radio (AM Medium Wave)
  • 558 kHz - Spectrum
  • 720 kHz - BBC Radio 4
  • 1035 kHz - Kismat Radio

• Analogue Radio (FM VHF)
  • 88.8 MHz - BBC Radio 2
  • 91.0 MHz - BBC Radio 3
  • 93.2 MHz - BBC Radio 4
  • 94.9 MHz - BBC London
  • 96.9 MHz - Choice FM
  • 98.5 MHz - BBC Radio 1
  • 100.6 MHz - Classic FM
  • 104.9 MHz - XFM
  • 105.8 MHz - Virgin Radio

• Digital Radio (DAB)
  • Block 11D: 222.064 MHz - Digital One
  • Block 12A: 223.936 MHz - Switch London
  • Block 12B: 225.648 MHz - BBC

• Analogue Television
  • UHF 23 (487.25 MHz) - ITV1 London (Carlton Television/London Weekend Television)
  • UHF 26 (511.25 MHz) - BBC One London
  • UHF 30 (543.25 MHz) - Channel 4
  • UHF 33 (567.25 MHz) - BBC Two

• Digital Television
  • UHF 22 (482 MHz) - Multiplex 2 Digital 3 and 4
  • UHF 25 (506 MHz) - Multiplex 1 BBC
  • UHF 27 (522 MHz) - ITV, Channel 4 and Five HD Trial Multiplex
  • UHF 28 (530 MHz) - Multiplex B BBC
  • UHF 29 (538 MHz) - Multiplex D National Grid Wireless
  • UHF 31 (554 MHz) - BBC HD Trial Multiplex
  • UHF 32 (562 MHz) - Multiplex A SDN
  • UHF 34 (578 MHz) - Multiplex C National Grid Wireless

Amplitude modulation (AM) is a form of modulation in which the amplitude of a carrier wave is varied in direct proportion to that of a modulating signal. ... Mediumwave radio transmissions (sometimes called Medium frequency or MF) are those between the frequencies of 300 kHz and 3000 kHz. ... A kilohertz (kHz) is a unit of frequency equal to 1,000 hertz (1,000 cycles per second). ... A kilohertz (kHz) is a unit of frequency equal to 1,000 hertz (1,000 cycles per second). ... BBC Radio 4 is a British domestic radio station which broadcasts a wide variety of chiefly spoken-word programmes including news, drama, comedy, science and history. ... A kilohertz (kHz) is a unit of frequency equal to 1,000 hertz (1,000 cycles per second). ... Kismat Radio is a radio station in London broadcasting from the Crystal Palace Transmitter in south-east London. ... When used in supervisory signaling in telephony, the term frequency-change signaling has been used to describe frequency modulation. ... Very high frequency (VHF) is the radio frequency range from 30 MHz to 300 MHz. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... BBC Radio 2 is one of the BBCs national radio stations and is the most popular station in the UK. It broadcasts throughout the UK on FM radio between 88 and 91 MHz from its studios in Western House, adjacent to Broadcasting House in central London. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... BBC Radio 3 is a domestic UK BBC radio station, which devotes most of its schedule to classical music. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... BBC Radio 4 is a British domestic radio station which broadcasts a wide variety of chiefly spoken-word programmes including news, drama, comedy, science and history. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... BBC London 94. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... Choice FM London See also Choice 107. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... BBC Radio 1 is a British radio station operated by the BBC, specialising in popular music aimed at the 16-24 age bracket. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... Classic FM is the United Kingdoms first national commercial radio station, broadcasting classical music in a popular and accessible style. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... Xfm is a commercial radio station in the United Kingdom. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... Virgin Radio is a British commercial music radio station based in London. ... Digital Audio Broadcasting or DAB is a technology for broadcasting audio programming in digital form that was designed in the late 1980s. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... Digital One is a national commercial digital radio multiplex in the United Kingdom, owned by GCap Media and transmitted on frequency block 11D. It broadcasts the following channels receivable on any digital-equipped radio: Classic FM - national commercial classical music station, also on FM Core - semi-automated pop music station... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... Switch London is a DAB ensemble operated by Switch Digital; it broadcasts on 223. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... BBC DAB National is a Digital audio broadcasting multiplex in the UK, for a number of radio stations which have UK wide coverage; the multiplex broadcasts on Block 12B (225. ... This article is about the radio frequency. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... ITV1 is a terrestrial, free-to-air television channel broadcast in the United Kingdom by the ITV network. ... Carlton Television was the United Kingdom Channel 3 (ITV) licensee for London and the surrounding areas, Monday 9:25am, to Friday, 5:15pm (and for legal formalities still is; see below). ... London Weekend Television (LWT) was (and for legal formalities still is; see below) the ITV contractor for London and the South East, Friday 7:00pm (1968-1982)/5:15pm (1982-2002) to Monday, 5:59am. ... This article is about the radio frequency. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... BBC One (or BBC1 as it was formerly styled) is the oldest television station in the world. ... This article is about the radio frequency. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... Channel 4 is a public service television broadcaster in the United Kingdom (see British television). ... This article is about the radio frequency. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... BBC Two (or BBC2 as it was formerly styled) was the second UK television station to be aired by the BBC and Europes first television channel to broadcast regularly in colour (from 1967), envisaged as a home for less mainstream and more ambitious programming. ... This article is about the radio frequency. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... Digital 3&4 is a consortium run by ITV and Channel 4, which operates a multiplex broadcasting from a number of transmitter sites in the UK, carrying television and radio channels (in addition to interactive services) from both of the broadcasters. ... This article is about the radio frequency. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... Founded in 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company Ltd (a privately owned company), subsequently Incorporated and nationalised in 1927 as The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC, also informally known as the Beeb or Auntie) is the largest broadcasting corporation in the world. ... This article is about the radio frequency. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... This article is about the radio frequency. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... Founded in 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company Ltd (a privately owned company), subsequently Incorporated and nationalised in 1927 as The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC, also informally known as the Beeb or Auntie) is the largest broadcasting corporation in the world. ... This article is about the radio frequency. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... National Grid Wireless (formerly Crown Castle UK) is a company which provides telecommunications infrastructure and broadcast transmission facilities in the UK. Its main customers are broadcasters and mobile phone network operators, and its main asset is a network of over 1,000 radio masts and towers. ... This article is about the radio frequency. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... This article is about the radio frequency. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... SDN could be: the three letter country code for Sudan S4C Digital Networks Scottish Daily News A short name for ShiftDelete. ... This article is about the radio frequency. ... A megahertz (MHz) is one million (106) hertz, a measure of frequency. ... National Grid Wireless (formerly Crown Castle UK) is a company which provides telecommunications infrastructure and broadcast transmission facilities in the UK. Its main customers are broadcasters and mobile phone network operators, and its main asset is a network of over 1,000 radio masts and towers. ...

Notes

• Five uses the nearby Croydon Transmitter for its London analogue transmission.
• Two further local DAB multiplexes are also transmitted from the Croydon transmitter.
• Wrotham Transmitter is the main radio transmitter serving London for the 4 BBC national FM services and Classic FM.
• Brookmans Park Transmitter and Droitwich AM transmitter provide the BBC national services to London on medium wave and long wave respectively.

Five, formerly known as Channel 5, is the United Kingdoms fifth national analogue terrestrial TV channel. ... The Croydon Transmitter is a television transmission facility in Upper Norwood, London, England (grid reference TQ332696), in the London Borough of Croydon, owned by Arqiva. ... The Wrotham Transmitter is located on the North Downs, close to the village of Wrotham in Kent, England and just north of the M20 motorway (National Grid Reference: TQ595604 ). The mast was built around 1951 and is 550ft (177 metres) tall. ... The Brookmans Park transmitter is a facility for medium wave broadcasting north of London (national grid reference: TL259050). ... The Droitwich AM transmitter is a large broadcasting facility for longwave and mediumwave established in 1934 close to the village of Wychbold, near Droitwich, Worcestershire, England (grid reference SO929663). ... Mediumwave radio transmissions serves as the most common band for broadcasting. ... Longwave radio frequencies are those below 500 kHz, which correspond to wavelengths longer than 600 meters. ...

See also

• Tall buildings in London
• National Grid Wireless (which owns the tower)
• Radio masts and towers
• List of Towers
• List of tallest buildings and structures in Great Britain
• List of radio stations
  • List of radio stations in the United Kingdom

30 St. ... National Grid Wireless (formerly Crown Castle UK) is a company which provides telecommunications infrastructure and broadcast transmission facilities in the UK. Its main customers are broadcasters and mobile phone network operators, and its main asset is a network of over 1,000 radio masts and towers. ... Masts of the Rugby VLF transmitter in England Radio masts and towers are, typically, tall structures designed to support antennas (also known as aerials in the UK) for telecommunications and broadcasting, including television. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... A list of the tallest structures in Great Britain. ... This article is a list of radio stations that are scattered on Earth. ... This is a list of radio stations in the United Kingdom, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man: // National analogue and digital stations BBC Radio 1 - generally 97. ...

External links

• The Transmission Gallery: Crystal Palace Transmitter photographs and information
• Pictures and info on Crystal Palace, including co-receivable transmitters
• http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=3886
• Ofcom local transmitter advice

Coordinates: 51°25′27″N, 0°04′30″W Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...