Cuddie Springs is a notable archeologic site in in the semi-arid zone of central northern New South Wales, Australia. Cuddie Springs is an open site, with the fossil deposits preserved in a claypan on the floor of an ancient ephemeral lake. The claypan fills with water after local rainstorms and may take months to dry, a fact which facilitated the survival of fossils over a long period of time. The site provided the first unequivocal association of man-made tools with fossil remains of Australian megafauna. Cuddie Springs has been known as a fossil megafauna locality since the late 1870s, when a well was sunk into the centre of the claypan. The Australian Museum launched excavations in 1933 and while many bones were found, no significant discoveries were made. Archaeology or sometimes in American English archeology (from the Greek words αρχαίος = ancient and λόγος = word/speech) is the study of human cultures through the recovery, documentation and analysis of material remains, including architecture, artefacts, biofacts, human remains, and landscapes. ... Jump to: navigation, search Motto: Orta Recens Quam Pura Nites (Newly Risen, How Brightly You Shine) Nickname: First State, Premier State Other Australian states and territories Capital Sydney Government Governor Premier Const. ... Most of the Australian megafauna became extinct during the Pleistocene (20,000-50,000 years before present). ... 1870 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1933 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Evidence for humon co-existence with Australian megafauna

A significant archaeological discovery was made in 1991 by researchers from the University of New South Wales during the collection of soil samples for environmental studies in one of the lower levels at the Cuddie Springs site. Between the jaw of a wombat-shaped Diprotodon and the femur of a large bird of the extinct family Dromornithidae called Genyornis, researchers found a small flaked stone tool, possibly an arrow or scraper. The bones and stone tool were left in a swampy area between 30,000 and 35,000 years ago. Close examination of the stone tool revealed wear patterns on the used edges as well as traces of blood, which led to the hypothesis that it was used for butchering. The discovery of stone tools in a known fossil site presented the distinct possibility that humans and megafauna may have co-existed on the Australian continent. Jump to: navigation, search 1991 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Genera and Species Vombatus É. Geoffroy, 1803 Vombatus ursinus (Shaw, 1800) Lasiorhinus Gray, 1863 Lasiorhinus latifrons (Owen, 1845) Lasiorhinus krefftii Owen, 1873 Wombats are Australian marsupials in appearance rather like a small, very short-legged and muscular bear approximately one meter in length, and with a mere nubbin of a tail. ... Species Diprotodon opatum Diprotodon minor Diprotodon loderi Diprotodon annextans Diprotodons were the largest marsupials that ever lived. ... Anterior view of the femur The femur or thigh bone is the longest (length), largest (volume) and strongest (mechanical ability to resist deformity) bone of the human body. ... Jump to: navigation, search Orders Many - see section below. ... Jump to: navigation, search In biology and ecology, extinction is the ceasing of existence of a species or group of taxons. ... Jump to: navigation, search Genera Dromornis Barawertornis Bullockornis Ilbandornis Genyornis Dromornithidae were a family of large, flightless birds that lived in Australia until the end of the Pleistocene, but are now extinct. ... Binomial name Genyornis newtoni Stirling & Zietz, 1896 Genyornis (Genyornis newtoni) was a genus of large, flightless bird that lived in Australia until about 50,000 years ago. ...