NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Cuisine of Turkey

Cuisine of Turkey is highly influenced by its Ottoman heritage, and thus, it is a fusion and refinement of Turkic, Arabic, Persian and Greek cuisines ^[1]. Ottomans fused various culinary traditions of their realm, with particular influences from Middle Eastern cuisines, along with traditional Turkic elements from Central Asia such as Yogurt ^[2]. As a result, the Ottoman Empire created a vast array of very technical dishes which passed into Turkish culture after its downfall. Furthermore, it can be observed that various regions of the Ottoman Empire contain bits and pieces of the vast Ottoman dishes. The best flavored white cheeses and yogurt are prepared from sheep milk. Although rice, which is called pilav (pilaf), is the essential part of many foods, bulgur (prepared from wheat) can also be used for the same purpose. Especially in the western parts of Turkey, where olive trees are grown abundantly, olive oil is the major type of oil used for cooking. The bread is prepared from wheat, barley or corn. Pide (broad, round and flat kind of bread made of wheat) and tandır ekmeği (baked on the inner walls of a round oven called tandır) are some examples for authentic types of bread in Turkish cuisine. Another type of bread commonly eaten in Turkey is simit (or "gevrek"), a ring shaped bread covered with sesame seeds,very much similar to bagels. Simits are eaten either plain or with cheese or jelly. Asian cuisine is a term for the various cuisines of South, East and Southeast Asia and for fusion dishes based on combining them. ... ÃŠÃ‚Ã²Ã Ãˆâ‚¬Å«Â¹ Â² Â³ ÃHello ... Caribbean cuisine is a fusion of Spanish, French, African, Amerindian and Indian cuisine. ... South Asian cuisine includes the cuisines of the South Asia. ... See the individual entries for: Argentine cuisine Brazilian cuisine Mexican cuisine South American cuisine . ... The term Middle Eastern cuisine refers to the cuisines of the Middle East. ... North American cuisine is a term used for foods native to or popular in countries of North America. ... Cuisine of Africa reflects indigenous traditions, as well as influences from Arabs, Europeans, and Asians. ... This is a list of famous and notable chefs. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... For the coarsely ground flour, see flour. ... now. ... See also Kazakh cuisine Kyrgyz cuisine Tajik cuisine Turkmen cuisine Uzbekh cuisine Categories: | ... Arab cuisine is the cuisine of the Arab countries. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Iranian cuisine. ... The term Middle Eastern cuisine refers to the cuisines of the Middle East. ... Yoghurt, yoÄŸurt or yogurt, or less commonly yoghourt or yogourt (see spelling differences), is a dairy product produced by bacterial fermentation of milk. ... Cheese is a solid food made from the curdled milk of various animals__most commonly cows but sometimes goats, sheep, reindeer, and water buffalo. ... Yoghurt Yoghurt or yogurt, less commonly yoghourt or yogourt, is a dairy product produced by bacterial fermentation of milk. ... Binomial name Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758 The domestic sheep (Ovis aries), the most common species of the sheep genus (Ovis), is a woolly ruminant quadruped which probably descends from the wild mouflon of south-central and south-west Asia. ... Chicken Tikka Jalfrezi, pilaf rice, and cucumber rhaita Pilaf, (Turkish pilav, Azeri plov, Bosnian pilav, Serbian pilav, Armenian pilav, Romanian pilaf, Persian polow, Greek Ï€Î¹Î»Î¬Ï†Î¹, India pulao, Uzbek plov) also spelled pilau, perloo, perlau, plaw, pilaw, and pilaff is a Middle Eastern and Central Asian dish in which a grain, such... Boiling wheat grains to make bulgur in Turkey, 1990. ... A bottle of olive oil. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... An Indian chef places bread into a modern tandoor A tandoor is a cylindrical clay oven used in Punjab northern India and Pakistan in which food is cooked over a hot charcoal fire. ... 2 simits in wrapping paper A simit (Turkish) or koulouri (Greek: ÎºÎ¿Ï…Î»Î¿ÏÏÎ¹) is a circular bread with sesame seeds, very common in Turkey and Greece. ...

Frequently used ingredients in Turkish dishes include eggplant, green pepper, onion, lentil, bean, tomato, garlic, and cucumber. Grape, apricot, cherry, melon, fig, lemon, pistachio, pine nut, almond, hazelnut, watermelon, and walnut are among the most abundantly used fruits and nuts. Preferred spices and herbs are parsley, cumin, pepper, paprika, mint, and thyme. Binomial name Solanum esculentum Drege ex Dun. ... Binomial name Capsicum annuum L. Bell pepper is a Cultivar Group of the species Capsicum annuum, as are the jalapeÃ±o and pimento. ... Binomial name Allium cepa L. Onion in the general sense can be used for any plant in the genus Allium but used without qualifiers usually means Allium cepa, also called the garden onion. ... Binomial name Lens culinaris Medikus The lentil (Lens culinaris) is a brushy annual plant of the legume family, grown for its lens-shaped seeds. ... Green beans Bean is a common name for large plant seeds of several genera of Fabaceae (formerly Leguminosae) used for food or feed. ... Binomial name Solanum lycopersicum L. Percentages are relative to US RDI values for adults. ... Binomial name Allium sativum L. Percentages are relative to US RDI values for adults. ... Binomial name Cucumis sativus L. The cucumber is the edible fruit of the cucumber plant Cucumis sativus, which belongs to the gourd family Cucurbitaceae, as do melons and squash. ... Species Vitis acerifolia Vitis aestivalis Vitis amurensis Vitis arizonica Vitis x bourquina Vitis californica Vitis x champinii Vitis cinerea Vitis x doaniana Vitis girdiana Vitis labrusca Vitis x labruscana Vitis lincecumii Vitis monticola Vitis mustangensis Vitis x novae-angliae Vitis palmata Vitis riparia Vitis rotundifolia Vitis rupestris Vitis shuttleworthii Vitis... Binomial name Prunus armeniaca L. The Apricot (Prunus armeniaca, syn. ... Species Several, including: Prunus apetala Prunus avium (Wild/Sweet Cherry) Prunus campanulata Prunus canescens Prunus cerasus (Sour Cherry) Prunus concinna Prunus conradinae Prunus dielsiana Prunus emarginata (Bitter Cherry) Prunus fruticosa Prunus incisa Prunus litigiosa Prunus mahaleb (Saint Lucie Cherry) Prunus maximowiczii Prunus nipponica Prunus pensylvanica (Pin Cherry) Prunus pilosiuscula Prunus... Binomial name Cucumis melo L. The melon is the fruit and plant of a typically vine-like (climber and trailer) herb that was first cultivated more than 4000 years ago (~ 2000 BC) in Persia and Africa. ... Species About 800, including: Ficus altissima Ficus americana Ficus aurea Ficus benghalensis- Indian Banyan Ficus benjamina- Weeping Fig Ficus broadwayi Ficus carica- Common Fig Ficus citrifolia Ficus coronata Ficus drupacea Ficus elastica Ficus godeffroyi Ficus grenadensis Ficus hartii Ficus lyrata Ficus macbrideii Ficus macrophylla- Moreton Bay Fig Ficus microcarpa- Chinese... Binomial name Citrus Ã— limon (L.) Burm. ... Binomial name Pistacia vera L. The Pistachio (Pistacia vera, Anacardiaceae; sometimes placed in Pistaciaceae) is a small tree up to 10 m tall, native to mountainous regions of central Asia such as the Kopet Dag mountains of Turkmenistan. ... Pine nuts are the edible seeds of pine trees (family Pinaceae, genus Pinus). ... Binomial name Prunus dulcis (Mill. ... Binomial name Corylus avellana L. The Common Hazel (Corylus avellana) is a shrub native to Europe and Asia. ... Binomial name Citrullus lanatus (Thunb. ... Species See text The walnuts (genus Juglans) are plants in the walnut family Juglandaceae. ... Screen shot of Spice OPUS, a fork of Berkeley SPICE SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuits Emphasis) is a general purpose analog circuit simulator. ... Herbs: basil Herbs (IPA: hÉ™(É¹)b, or É™É¹b; see pronunciation differences) are plants grown for culinary, medicinal, or in some cases even spiritual value. ... Species Percentages are relative to US RDI values for adults. ... Binomial name Cuminum cyminum L. Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native to the eastern Mediterranean region east to India. ... Binomial name Piper nigrum L. Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. ... Binomial name Capsicum annuum L. Paprika, Capsicum annuum, is a sweet-to-mildly hot cultivar of the chile pepper of the family Solanaceae. ... MiNT (MiNT is Now TOS) is an alternative operating system (OS) kernel for the Atari ST computer and its successors which is free software. ... Species About 350 species, including: Thymus adamovicii Thymus bracteosus Thymus broussonetii Thymus caespititius Thymus camphoratus Thymus capitatus Thymus capitellatus Thymus carnosus Thymus cephalotus Thymus cherlerioides Thymus ciliatus Thymus cilicicus Thymus cimicinus Thymus comosus Thymus comptus Thymus doerfleri Thymus glabrescens Thymus herba-barona Thymus hirsutus Thymus hyemalis Thymus integer Thymus lanuginosus...

Turkish eating habits

Turkish cuisine went through dramatic changes in 20th century and the eating habits of the Turkish people has significantly changed due to the Western influence. Fast food is gaining in popularity and all major fast food chains can be seen all over Turkey. At home, however, microwaveable goods and pre-prepared or frozen foods are rare and households rely primarily on the the rich and extensive dishes of the Ottoman Empire. (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999...

As with most cuisines, until recently, meat was always considered a luxury item for the Turkish people, mainly since milk-fed lambs, the most popular source of meat, have a very low yield. Meat was eaten almost only at the wedding ceremonies and during Kurban Bayramı (Eid ul-Adha), usually not in the form of kebabs but as etli pilav (pilaf with meat). However, after the advent of fast-food chains all around Turkey and introduction of industrial meat production, meat had become a part of the daily diet for most Turks, often in the form of döner kebab eaten at fast-food restaurants. Veal, which was usually shunned, became a familiar kind of meat. However, even today, the main use of meat at cooking is putting kıyma (ground meat) in small amounts to vegetable dishes, thus attaining names such as kıymalı fasulye (bean with kıyma). Various meats Cold Meat Salad Meat, in its broadest definition, is animal tissue used as food. ... It has been suggested that Lambing be merged into this article or section. ... Eid ul-Adha (Arabic: Ø¹ÙŠØ¯ Ø§Ù„Ø£Ø¶ØÙ‰) occurs on the tenth day of the Islamic month of Dhul Hijja. ... Left to right: Chenjeh Kabab, Kabab Koobideh, Jujeh Kabab in Persian restaurant Kebab (from Persian Ú©Ø¨Ø§Ø¨, kabÄb) means grilled (or broiled) meat in Persian and Turkish (spelled Kebap in Turkish). ... Chicken Tikka Jalfrezi, pilaf rice, and cucumber rhaita Pilaf, (Turkish pilav, Azeri plov, Bosnian pilav, Serbian pilav, Armenian pilav, Romanian pilaf, Persian polow, Greek Ï€Î¹Î»Î¬Ï†Î¹, India pulao, Uzbek plov) also spelled pilau, perloo, perlau, plaw, pilaw, and pilaff is a Middle Eastern and Central Asian dish in which a grain, such... The Big Mac from McDonalds is a seminal emblem of fast food Typical forms of fast food - potato scallops and chicken pieces Fast food is food which is prepared and served quickly at outlets called fast-food restaurants. ... DÃ¶ner kebab sandwich served in a thick pita. ... Veal is the meat of calves, specifically the male offspring of dairy cattle, and is appreciated for its delicate taste, tender texture and nutritious qualities. ... Vegetables in a Market Venn diagram representing the relationship between (botanical) fruits and vegetables. ...

Another profound change in Turkish eating habits is the abandonment of traditional ingredients. With the high-level production of sugar beet sugar in Turkey, honey and pekmez were effectively replaced by sugar in making the Turkish desserts. Margarine is widely used for cooking instead of butter, kuyruk yağı (tail fat of sheep), sesame oil or even olive oil. Ketchup is eaten as a substitute to various sauces made from tomatoes, paprika, and spices, known as çemen, acıka, etc. It is also important to note that today Coca Cola is by far the most popular cold beverage in Turkey. Even the famous Ayran would be left to oblivion if it were not revived at döner junctions. However, ayran has always fans and it has gained importance again in the last few years and in Burger King restaurants, ayran has become a choice of drink besides Coca Cola. Two sugar beets - the one on the left has been cultivated to be smoother than the traditional beet, so that it traps less soil. ... Magnified crystals of refined sugar Magnification of typical sugar In general use, non-scientists take sugar to mean sucrose, also called table sugar or saccharose, a white crystalline solid disaccharide. ... A jar of honey, shown with a wooden honey server and scones. ... Pekmez is the Turkish name for the syrup-like liquid obtained after condensing juices of (especially) grape, fig or mulberry by boiling with coagulant agents. ... Margarine, as a generic term, can indicate any of a wide range of butter-substitutes. ... Butter is commonly sold in sticks (pictured) or small blocks, and frequently served with the use of a butter knife. ... Species See text. ... Binomial name Sesamum indicum Sesame (Sesamum indicum)is a crop grown primarily for its seeds. ... A bottle of olive oil. ... A bottle of Heinz Ketchup Ketchup (or less commonly catsup) is a popular condiment, usually made with ripened tomatoes. ... Binomial name Solanum lycopersicum L. Percentages are relative to US RDI values for adults. ... Binomial name Capsicum annuum L. Paprika, Capsicum annuum, is a sweet-to-mildly hot cultivar of the chile pepper of the family Solanaceae. ... Screen shot of Spice OPUS, a fork of Berkeley SPICE SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuits Emphasis) is a general purpose analog circuit simulator. ... The current logo for Coca-Cola Classic is a variant of the Arden square design of 1969 that introduced the wavy Dynamic Ribbon Device below the Coca-Cola script. ... Ayran (IPA: )is a popular drink in Turkey made up of a yoghurt and water mixture. ... Burger King, Seoul, South Korea Burger King is a large international chain of fast food restaurants, predominantly selling burgers, french fries, soft drinks, desserts, and various sandwiches. ...

The Breakfasts in Turkish cuisine must be the richest in the world. Cheese, butter, olives, eggs, reçel (the difference from marmelade is that fruits in reçel are preserved as they are, they are not mashed) constitute the sine qua non elements of Turkish Breakfast. Sucuk, pastırma, börek, even soups can also be eaten for breakfast in Turkey.

Soups

A Turkish meal usually starts with a thin soup (çorba) with a low consistency. Soups are usually named after the main ingredient they are prepared with. The most common types of soup are made of lentil (often mashed) called mercimek çorbası and tarhana called tarhana çorbası. Delicacy soups are the ones that are usually not the part of daily diet, like shkembe (işkembe çorbası) and paça çorbası (made with lamb's or kid's feet), although the latter also used to be consumed as a nutritious winter meal. Before the popularisation of the typical Turkish breakfast, soup was the default morning meal for most households. Soup is a savoury liquid food that is made by combining ingredients, such as meat, vegetables and beans in stock or hot water, until the flavor is extracted, forming a broth. ... Binomial name Lens culinaris Medikus The lentil (Lens culinaris) is a brushy annual plant of the legume family, grown for its lens-shaped seeds. ... Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Shkembe Chorba Shkembe is one Bulgarian word (of Turkish origin) for belly and stands as the short for shkembe chorba - a kind of tripe soup prepared mainly in Bulgaria. ...

Vegetable dishes

A vegetable dish is the usual main course in a Turkish meal. There is a very large variety of vegetables used such as ıspanak spinach, pırasa leek, karnıbahar cauliflower or enginar artichoke. A typical vegetable dish is prepared with a base of chopped onions and garlic sautéed in olive oil, later with tomatoes or tomato paste. The vegetables or legumes and boiling water will then be added. Vegetable dishes usually tend to be served with a large liquid part (with the cooking water), thus often named in colloquial Turkish as sulu yemek ("watery dish"). Sometimes meat can be added to a vegetable dish but vegetable dishes cooked with olive oil (zeytinyağlılar) are almost always conceived to be strictly vegetarian. Tomato paste is a thick paste made from ripened tomatos with skin and seeds removed. ... Varieties of soybean seeds, a popular legume Pea pods The term legume has two closely related meanings in botany, a situation encountered with many botanical common names of useful plants, whereby an applied name can refer to either the plant itself, or to the edible fruit (or useful part). ...

Another very common Turkish speciality for breakfast is menemen. Recipe: Roast green peppers with olive oil in a pan. Add graded tomatoes and wait until the tomatoe juice boils down. Then add some eggs and mix them with the peppers and tomatoe. 1-1 measure is suitable. If you have 2 long green papers 2 big tomatoes and 2 or 3 eggs will be sufficient according to taste. Menemen is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ...

Çılbır is another traditional Turkish food made by eggs and yogurt. Recipe: Break eggs into boiling water. Add some salt with olive oil and wait until the eggs stiffen. Put them into a plate with the help of a spoon-drainer. Add some yogurt and melted butter with paprika. Afiyet Olsun...

Eggplant (aubergine) has a special place in the Turkish cuisine. However most of the times it is combined with minced meat: İmam bayıldı(meaning imam has fainted), karnıyarık.

Meats

Meats (especially shish kebabs: chicken or lamp shish) are usually marinated and grilled over an open fire. Although every kind of halal meat is consumed, lamb from milk-fed lambs is especially favored. A famous beef delicacy is pastirma. Iskender kebap is a relatively recently invented type of döner kebap which is usually consumed in the northwestern parts of Turkey. Döner kebap has established itself as an alternative fast food in Western Europe countries like the Netherlands, Germany and Britain. Shish kebab (şişkebabı; also pronounced Kabab or kabob) means skewer of meat in Persian. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... It has been suggested that Lambing be merged into this article or section. ... A cut of beef. ... PastÄ±rma is a kind of Turkish deli meat which is comparable with bacon. ... Ä°skender kebap is one of the most famous meat foods of northwestern Turkey and takes its name from its inventor, Ä°skender Efendi, who lived in Bursa in the late 19th century. ... DÃ¶ner kebab sandwich served in a thick pita. ... Fast food is food prepared and served quickly at a fast-food restaurant or shop at low cost. ...

Today, döner kebab, which is similar to the Greek Gyros, is typically served as a kind of sandwich in pita (flat bread) or in a piece of regular bread. This type of döner kebab has been available in Istanbul since about 1960. The döner kebab with salad and sauce served in pita, which is predominant in Germany and the rest of the world, was invented in Berlin-Kreuzberg in 1971 to adapt it to the german taste. Lahmacun is the Turkish variant of the Pizza which means dough with meat in Arabic. Pide which can be made with minced meat, kashar (a kind of cheese), pieces of meat, sucuk, pastirma is one of the most common traditional Turkish speciality. An Italian sandwich. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Istanbul (Turkish: , Greek: , see other names) is Turkeys most populous city, and its cultural, and economic centre. ... 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1960 calendar). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Kreuzberg Kreuzberg is possibly the most well-known of the boroughs (Bezirke) of Berlin. ... 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1971 calendar). ... Lahmacun Lahmajun (IPA: ), sometimes called Turkish pizza or Armenian pizza, is an Anatolian dish usually made up of a round and thin piece of dough topped with various meats (most commonly beef and lamb) and vegetables. ... A Pizza Margherita made in Naples (Napoli), Italy Pizza (IPA pronunciation: )is the name of an oven-baked, flat, usually round bread covered with tomato sauce and cheese with optional toppings. ...

However, Turkish cuisine have a huge variety of kebaps and meat dishes such as; Adana, Urfa-Beyti kebaps, yogurtlu kebap (with yogurt), fıstıklı kebap (with Antep pistachio), eggplant kebap, spring kebap, oruk kebap, Ali Nazik, Hünkar Beğendi (meaning that the sovereign/sultan liked it), türlü (mixture of a range of vegetables and meat), tandır (which requires a special way of cooking for hours) or kavurma. Adana is the capital of Adana Province. ...

Additionally, sucuk is a form of sausage commonly eaten with breakfast. Kokorec (the intestins of sheep) with spices is a traditional fast food in Turkey. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1197x936, 167 KB) DÃ¶ner kebab Photographed 21. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1197x936, 167 KB) DÃ¶ner kebab Photographed 21. ... Soujouk (sucuk in Turkish, ÑÑƒÐ´Ð¶ÑƒÐº in Bulgarian) or sujuq is a type of sausage eaten in many countries. ... KokoreÃ§ is a Turkish dish made of lamb intestines. ...

Meze

Meze which is a selection of food served as the appetizer course with or without drinks or sometimes as the main course and consists olives, mature kashar cheese (similar to strong cheddar cheese in flavor) or white cheese, pickles turşu, cacık (tzatziki), köfte (meatballs), pilaki (made of bean, garlic and olive oil), dolma (grape leaves, cabbage leaves, green pepper, courgettes or eggplant stuffed with rice and/or meat. Dried fruits and a range of spices are usually added to the mixture), Arnavut ciğeri Albanian liver, çerkez tavuğu Circassian chicken, börek (very thin phyllo dough stuffed with cheese, meat or vegetables), hummus (coming from Arabic and prepared from sesame, chickpea, garlic, olive oil, lemon juice). Şakşuka, patlıcan salatası eggplant salad, acılı ezme hot spicy freshly mashed tomatoe, içli köfte, çiğ köfte raw meatballs are just some of the other varieties. Gözleme is a food typical in rural areas, made of lavash bread folded around a variety of fillings -- spinach, cheese, meat, potatoes -- and cooked on a large griddle. In the coastal towns of Turkey seafood mezes can also be found such as Kalamar, Ahtapot octopus salad, deniz börülcesi or midye dolma mussels stuffed with rice. Goes well with ouzo/raki A Mezze (Turkish Meze Arabic: Ù…Ø²Ø©; Greek Mezes, pl. ... Caciocavallo (Albanian: Kaçkavall; Bulgarian: Кашкавал (Kashkaval); Romanian: Caşcaval; Serbian: Kačkavalj; Sicilian: Cascavaddu; Turkish: Kaşar) is a type of cottage cheese made out of sheeps or cows milk, originally produced in Sicily, Italy, but now... Country of origin England Region, town Somerset, Cheddar Source of milk Cows Pasteurized Frequently Texture hard/semi-hard Aging time 3-4 months depending on variety Certification No Cheddar cheese is a pale yellow, sharp-tasting cheese originally made in the English village of Cheddar, in Somerset. ... Tzatziki (Ï„Î¶Î±Ï„Î¶Î¯ÎºÎ¹; also transcribed jajiki) is a Greek and Turkish meze, or appetizer, also used as a sauce or dip. ... A meatball is a generally spherical mass of ground meat and other ingredients, such as bread or breadcrumbs, minced onion, various spices, and possibly eggs, cooked by frying, baking, steaming, or braising in sauce. ... Pilaki is a Turkish Meze which is a bean dish cooked in olive oil, served cold with lemon. ... Dolmas as served in Turkey Dolma (Turkish dolma; Bosnian dolma; Greek Î½Ï„Î¿Î»Î¼Î±Î´Î¬ÎºÎ¹Î± dolmadakia; Persian Ø¯Ù„Ù…Ù‡ dolmeh; Armenian Õ¿Õ¸Õ¬Õ´Õ¡ tolma; Georgian áƒ¢áƒáƒšáƒ›áƒ; Romanian sarma; Ladino yaprakes finos; Arabic (transliteration) Warak Einab) is a family of stuffed vegetable dishes originating in Turkey and found from the Balkans to Persia. ... Byrek, is an Albanian dish made of very thin phyllo dough stuffed with cheese, meat, or vegetables. ... Phyllo (also spelled filo) dough is used in thin layers to make pastries and originated in Mediterranean cuisine. ... Hummus with oil and lemon juice Classic hummus, Yemeni dish Hummus (Arabic: â€Ž; Hebrew: ; Armenian translit: hamos; also spelled houmous, hommus, hummous or humus) is a dip made of chickpea paste and tahini (sesame seed paste), with flavorings such as olive oil, garlic, lemon juice, and paprika. ... Binomial name Sesamum indicum L. Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is a flowering plant in the genus Sesamum. ... Binomial name Cicer arietinum L. The chickpea, chick pea, garbanzo bean, ceci bean, bengal gram or chana (Cicer arietinum) is an edible pulse of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae. ... Kibbeh Kibbeh (also kibbee, kubba in Iraq), known as iÃ§li kÃ¶fte in Turkish, is a common food in North Africa, the Middle East, and parts of the Caucasus such as Armenia. ... Ã‡iÄŸ kÃ¶fte (pronounced as chigh keufte and meaning literally Raw kÃ¶fte in Turkish, also written in one word, as Ã§iÄŸkÃ¶fte) is a favorite Turkish snack and a speciality of ÅžanlÄ±urfa region. ... GÃ¶zleme is a savory turkish pastry made by rolling dough with a thin roller and repeatedly folding it. ... Lavash (Armenian: Ô¼Õ¡Õ¾Õ¡Õ·; Turkish: LavaÅŸ; Persian: Ù„ÙˆØ§Ø´; also known as Lahvash or Armenian cracker bread) is a soft, thin flatbread made with flour, water, and salt. ...

Desserts

One of the best-known desserts in Turkish cuisine is baklava (which can also be found in the Greek, Arabic and Armenian cuisine.) The word Baklava is accepted as derived from ancient Turkish words meaning dough bags. Milk based deserts such as Rice and starch puddings (muhallebi, sütlaç, keskul, kazandibi) are also popular desserts, helva (halva): un helvasi (usually cooked when someone has died), irmik helvasi (cooked with semolina and nuts), yaz helvasi, kos helva, kadayıf (kadayif, kantaiffi has several types; Tel (wire) or Burma (wring) Kadayif, Kadayif with walnut or Antep pistachio. Kadayif as found in neighbour countries are generally of wring type with walnut. It is less sweet and lacks in syrup), ekmek kadayıfı, şöbiyet, saray sarmasi, sütlü nuriye, künefe, revani (with semolina and starch), aşure (like a sweet soup containing boiled beans, wheat and dried fruits. Cinnamon and rose water is added when being served. According to the legend it was first cooked in the Noah's Ark. All the Anatolian peoples have cooked and are still cooking aşure), şekerpare, kalburabasma, hanimgobegi, kemal paşa, ayva tatlısı quince desert, incir tatlısı fig desert, kabak tatlisi pumpkin desert, pismaniye, zerde, höşmerim, lokma, tulumba, cezerye, Güllaç (Ramadan dessert), walnut sucuk, fruit pestils are among other varieties. Kaymak (clotted cream) is often served with sweet desserts to cut through the sweetness. Plate with pieces of varieties of baklava File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Plate with pieces of varieties of baklava File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... A plate with pieces of different types of baklava Baklava or baklawa (Arabic: Ø¨Ù‚Ù„Ø§ÙˆØ©): means legume or bean in arabic. ... SÃ¼tlaÃ§ or Turkish rice pudding is a very popular traditional dessert. ... Tulumba is a type of dessert. ... Coagulation is the thickening or congealing of any liquid into solid clots. ...

Tea or thick Turkish coffee (with or without sugar) is usually served after dinner or more rarely together with desserts. Lokum (or Turkish Delight, in English) is another well-known jelly like sweet/candy with many varieties. Tavukgöğsü is a sweet, gelatinous, milk pudding dessert made from very thinly peeled chicken breast which is used to give a chewy texture. Tea leaves in a Chinese gaiwan. ... A cup of Turkish coffee served at an Istanbul terrace. ... Several pieces of lokum Turkish Delight, or lokum, is a confection made from starch and sugar. ...

Summer diet

In hot summer, many Turks prefer to have a "lighter" meal with summer vegetables and fruits. The summer meal is usually made up with fried vegetables (aubergines, potatoes, courgettes, green peppers) served with a yogurt or tomato sauce, sheep's cheese, cucumbers, tomatoes, watermelons, melons, and tahini halva. The type of halva consumed at a summer meal is named yaz helvası (summer halva), which has a lighter and less sweet taste. Sweet black tea often accompanies the summer meal, as in the style of a typical Turkish breakfast. Courgette Young zucchini Flower of zucchini Zucchini (US and Australian English) or Courgette (New Zealand and British English), is the name of a vegetable. ... Tahini (or tehina/tahina in Arabic and Hebrew, tahin in Turkish, French, Dutch and Danish) is a paste made from ground sesame seeds. ... Black tea Black tea is a true tea (i. ...

Beverages

Although the majority of Turks profess the Islamic faith, alcoholic beverages are as widely available as in Europe. However, most of the Turks abstain from drinking alcohol during the holy month of Ramadan. There are a few local brands of lager such as Efes and large variety of international beers that are produced in Turkey such as Miller, Becks and Tuborg with a large number of exported beers. There are also a variety of local wines such as Kavaklıdere and Angora which are getting more popular with the change of climatic conditions that affect the production of wine. Rakı, an alcoholic beverage flavoured with anise, is the usual tipple with meze. The other favorite beverages include ayran (a salty cold yogurt drink), boza, and turnip juice. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1200x1600, 195 KB)Raki pictures. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1200x1600, 195 KB)Raki pictures. ... Bottles of cachaÃ§a, a Brazilian alcoholic beverage. ... Ramadan (in Arabic: Ø±Ù…Ø¶Ø§Ù†, Ramadhan) â€“ or Ramzan in several countries â€“ is the ninth month of the Islamic (Hijri) calendar, established in the year 638. ... Lager is a style of beer brewed using a slow-acting lager yeast, commonly known as a bottom-fermenting yeast. ... Efes can refer to the following: Efes is a city in Turkey, near the ancient city of Ephesus. ... A miller is a person who operates a mill for grinding material and usually refers to one who grinds a cereal crop to make flour. ... Becks is a brewery in the north German city of Bremen. ... Tuborg is a Danish beer brewing company which was founded in 1873, focusing on the pilsner style for the Danish market during its early history. ... Wine is an alcoholic beverage produced by the fermentation of the juice of fruits, usually grapes. ... KavaklÄ±dere is a district of MuÄŸla Province of Turkey. ... Angora was the name of the city of Ankara in Turkey prior to 1930. ... RakÄ± becomes cloudy white when mixed with water. ... Binomial name Pimpinella anisum L. Anise or Aniseed, less commonly anÃs (stressed on the first syllable) (Pimpinella anisum) is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native to the eastern Mediterranean region and southwest Asia. ... Goes well with ouzo/raki A Mezze (Turkish Meze Arabic: Ù…Ø²Ø©; Greek Mezes, pl. ... Ayran (IPA: )is a popular drink in Turkey made up of a yoghurt and water mixture. ... Boza is a popular beverage in Bulgaria, Republic of Macedonia, Albania, and Turkey. ... Turnip juice is a popular beverage of southern Turkey, originating from Adana. ...

See also related cuisines

The term Middle Eastern cuisine refers to the cuisines of the Middle East. ... Greek cuisine is the cuisine deriving from Greece mainland and its associated islands. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... See also Kazakh cuisine Kyrgyz cuisine Tajik cuisine Turkmen cuisine Uzbekh cuisine Categories: | ... The traditional Mongolian cuisine primarily consists of Dairy products and meat. ...

References

3. On olives and olive oil in Turkey and Turkish cheeses see Artun Ünsal http://kitap.antoloji.com/kisi.asp?CAS=118636

External links

Categories: Turkish cuisine | Balkan cuisine | Mediterranean cuisine Image File history File links Wikibooks-logo-en. ... Wikibooks logo Wikibooks, previously called Wikimedia Free Textbook Project and Wikimedia-Textbooks, is part of the Wikimedia Foundation. ... This is a list of Turkey-related articles: Contents: Top - 0-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 0-9 2003 Istanbul Bombings A Abbas I of Egypt - Abbas II... Image File history File links Flag_of_Turkey. ... Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... This article is about the various peoples speaking one of the Turkic languages. ... The Oghuz Turks (also with various alternate spellings, including Oguz, OÄŸuz, Ouz, Okuz, Oufoi, Guozz and Ghuzz) are regarded as one of the major branches of Turkic peoples. ... The GÃ¶ktÃ¼rks or KÃ¶k-TÃ¼rks were a Turkic people of ancient Central Asia and China. ... The Turks, (Turkish: TÃ¼rkler), or the Turkish people (TÃ¼rk HalkÄ±), are a nation (millet) in the meaning an ethnos (Halk in Turkish), defined more by a sense of sharing a common Turkish culture and having a Turkish mother tongue, than by citizenship, religion or by being subjects to... Turkey is a successor state of the Ottoman Empire, a multi-ethnic empire consolidated by gradual conquest during medieval and early modern times (1300-1700). ... Turks and the First Turkish States. ... This article or section is missing references or citation of sources. ... Anatolian beyliks (also Turkmen beyliks, TevÃ¢if-i mÃ¼lÃ»k (in Ottoman Turkish) were small Turkish emirates or muslim principalities (beylik) governed by tribal beys, which were founded in several locations of Anatolia as of the end of the 13th century. ... now. ... In the late 13th century the Seljuq empire had collapsed and Anatolia was divided into many small states. ... This article is in need of attention. ... The Battle of Vienna of 1683 was the real point at which the Empire began its decline. ... This article details the decline and fall of the Ottoman Empire in the 17th to 20th centuries. ... // Balkan Wars The Ottoman army in the balkans was large and appeared on the surface to be modern. ... One of the new states from the Ottoman Empire was the Republic of Turkey. ... Combatants Turkish Revolutionaries Triple Entente, Greece, Armenia Commanders Mustafa Kemal Ismet Inonu Kazim Karabekir Ali Fuat Cebesoy Fevzi Ã‡akmak Papoulas Hatzianestis The Turkish War of Independence (Turkish: KurtuluÅŸ SavaÅŸÄ±), or sometimes referred to as birth of a nation was part of the political and military events that began with the... AtatÃ¼rk, modern Turkeys founder and first President The history of modern Turkey begins with the foundation of the republic on October 29, 1923 (the Republic was declared on January 20, 1921), with Mustafa Kemal (AtatÃ¼rk) as its first president. ... This page summarizes the history after the Multi-party period. ... // Overview Over the centuries, Turkey has had many constitutions and can be caracterized by the steady establishment of a nation-state, democratization and internationalisation. ... At the time of the collapse of the Ottoman Empire (see Economy of the Ottoman Empire) during World War I, the Turkish economy was underdeveloped: agriculture depended on outmoded techniques and poor-quality livestock, and the few factories producing basic products such as sugar and flour were under foreign control. ... This page does not include the war of independance. ... Mustafa Kemal AtatÃ¼rk Mustafa Kemal AtatÃ¼rk (1881â€“November 10, 1938), Turkish army officer, revolutionary, and anti-imperialist statesman, was the founder and first President of the Republic of Turkey. ... Mustafa Ä°smet Ä°nÃ¶nÃ¼ (1884 - December 25, 1973) was a Turkish soldier, statesman and the second President of Turkey. ... Turkey is a secular, republican parliamentary democracy. ... There have been ten Presidents of the Republic of Turkey since its inception. ... This is a chronological list of every government formed by the Prime Ministers of the Republic of Turkey. ... The Grand National Assembly (TÃ¼rkiye BÃ¼yÃ¼k Millet Meclisi in Turkish) is the unicameral parliament of Turkey which carries out legislative functions. ... Political parties in Turkey lists political parties in Turkey. ... Elections in Turkey gives information on election and election results in Turkey. ... Turkeys primary political, economic, and security ties are with the Western world. ... // Overview Part Four, Section Two of the Turkish Constitution has established the Constitutional Court of Turkey that statutes on the conformity of laws and decrees to the Constitution, and it can be seized by the President of the Republic, the government, the members of Parliament or any judge before whom... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Asia Minor lies east of the Bosporus, between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. ... Provinces of Turkey are called iller in Turkish (singular is il, see Turkish alphabet for capitalization of i). ... This is a list of cities in Turkey by population (according to the 2000 census). ... Other Turkish Topics Culture - Education Geography - History - Politics Turkey Portal This is a list of companies from Turkey. ... This is a list of banks in Turkey as of December 9, 2005. ... On 31 December 1995 the customs union between Turkey and the European Union came into effect. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... TRY banknotes and coins The Turkish new lira is the current currency of Turkey and of the de facto state Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. ... Modern Turkey spans bustling cosmopolitan centres, pastoral farming villages, barren wastelands, peaceful Aegean and Mediterannean coastlines, and steep mountain regions. ... Turkish (TÃ¼rkÃ§e) is a Turkic language spoken natively by the Turkish people in Turkey, Cyprus, Bulgaria, Greece, Republic of Macedonia and other countries of the former Ottoman Empire, as well as by several million emigrants in the European Union. ... Interior of the Hagia Sofia, Istanbul, Turkey, June 1994. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Turkey is a signatory to the European Convention on Human Rights and the Turkish Constitution guarantees basic human rights to all Turkish citizens. ... The culture of Turkey is derived from various elements of the Ottoman Empire, European, and the Islamic traditions. ... Turkish art is a term referring to the visual arts and plastic arts (often including architecture, woodwork, textiles and ceramics) originating from the geographical area of what is present day Turkey. ... A page from the DÃ®vÃ¢n-Ä± FuzÃ»lÃ®, the collected poems of the 16th-century Ottoman poet FuzÃ»lÃ® Turkish literature is the collection of written and oral texts composed in the Turkish language, either in its Ottoman form or in less exclusively literary forms, such as that spoken... Turkish theatre can be observed under two main titles: Traditional Turkish theatre and Westernized Turkish theatre. ... History (Timeline and Samples) Genres: Alternative - Classical - Dance - Folk - Hip hop - Jazz - Military - Ottoman - Pop - Religious - Rock Music awards Kral - MÃœ-YAP - MGD Charts Powerturk 40 - Kral 20 Annual festivals Istanbul International Music Festival - Istanbul International Jazz Festival - Ankara IMF - Izmir European Jazz Festival Media Bant magazine - Mix! - Adante - BlueJean... See these examples of Ottoman Architecture: The Topkapi Palace The DolmabahÃ§e Palace The Sultan Ahmed Mosque (Sultanahmet Camii; also known as the Blue Mosque) The Suleiman Mosque (SÃ¼leymaniyye Camii) The Ottoman residential buildings, YalÄ±s See also: Islamic architecture Mosques. ... Water Fountain in Istanbul, 1878 Ottoman architecture is the architecture of the Ottoman Empire which emerged in Bursa and Edirne in 14th and 15th centuries. ... Ahi Evren Ahriyan Al Basti Alaturbi Ancomah Bardi Cazi GermakoÃ§i Karakoncolos Karakura Kolot Tavara // Breaking vine In Trabzon region folklore (Ã‡arÅŸÄ±baÅŸi town) For testing whether the new bride is propitious, when she comes to the house, she is asked to break a vine from three points and... Turkish cuisine is the cuisine of the Turkish people who controlled the eastern Mediterranean Sea region and the Middle East during the reign of the Ottoman Empire from the 14th century to the end of the World War I. Turkic cuisine elements brought from Central Asia were mixed with the... Tourism in Turkey: Over the last two decades Turkey has made considerable investments on infra and super structure. ... The official holidays in Turkey are established by the Act 2429 of March 19, 1981 that replaced the Act 2739 of May 27, 1935. ... More than 100 festivals are held in Turkey every year. ... Flag ratio: 2:3 The flag of Turkey consists of a white crescent moon and a star on a red background. ... The Coat of Arms of Turkey is a red oval containing a vertically-oriented crescent and star from the Turkish flag surrouned by the official name of the country in Turkish. ... The Ä°stiklÃ¢l MarÅŸÄ± (i. ...

Contents

Turkish eating habits GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");