NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Cultural resources management

In the broadest sense, Cultural Resources Management (CRM) is the vocation and practice of managing cultural resources, such as the arts and heritage. It incorporates Cultural Heritage Management which is concerned with traditional and historic culture and the material culture of archaeology. Cultural resources management encompasses current culture, including progressive and innovative culture, such as urban culture, rather than simply attempting to preserve and present traditional forms of culture. The arts is a broad subdivision of culture, composed of many expressive disciplines. ... Cultural heritage (national heritage or just heritage) is the legacy of physical artifacts and intangible attributes of a group or society that are inherited from past generations, maintained in the present and bestowed for the benefit of future generations. ... This July 2007 does not cite any references or sources. ... Urban culture is the culture of cities. ...

However, the broad usage of the term is relatively recent and as a result it is most often used as synonymous with heritage management. In the United States, cultural resources management is not usually divorced from the heritage context. The term is "used mostly by archaeologists and much more occasionally by architectural historians and historical architects, to refer to managing historic places of archaeological, architectural, and historical interests and considering such places in compliance with environmental and historic preservation laws." ^[1] Cultural resources management (CRM), also referred to as Cultural heritage management (CHM) is a branch of archaeology concerned with the identification, maintenance, and preservation of significant cultural sites. ...

Cultural resources include both physical assets such as archaeology, architecture, paintings and sculptures and also intangible culture such as folklore and interpretative arts, such as storytelling and drama^[2]. Cultural resource managers are typically in charge of museums, galleries, theatres etc., especially those that emphasise culture specific to the local region or ethnic group. Cultural tourism is a significant sector of the tourism industry. Section of the dome of Florence Cathedral. ... For building painting, see painter and decorator. ... A sculpture is a three-dimensional object, which for the purposes of this article is man-made and selected for special recognition as art. ... Intangible culture is the opposite of Tangible Culture. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... For the 2001 film, see Storytelling (film) Storytelling is the ancient art of conveying events in words, images, and sounds. ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... The Louvre Museum in Paris, one of the largest and most famous museums in the world. ... gallery may be short for Art gallery a gallery is an element in architecture, a long hallway flanked with walls or rows of columns Gallery is an open-source package that allows users to create and manage image galleries on their web sites. ... Serge Sudeikins poster for the Bat Theatre (1922). ... Cultural tourism (or culture tourism) is the subset of tourism concerned with a country or regions culture, especially its arts. ...

At a national and international level, cultural resource management may be concerned with larger themes, such as languages in danger of extinction, public education, the ethos or operation of multiculturalism and promoting access to cultural resources. The Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity is an attempt by the United Nations to identify exemplars of intangible culture. // Public education is education mandated for the children of the general public by the government, whether national, regional, or local, provided by an institution of civil government, and paid for, in whole or in part, by taxes. ... The multicultural national representation of the countries of origin at the student union of San Francisco City College. ... Map showing the Masterpieces of Oral and Intangible Heritage by country designation as of 2005: red (countries with 4 designations), orange (3), yellow (2) and green (1). ... The foundation of the U.N. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ...

1 "Cultural Resources Management" Term Dissagreement: America vs. England
2 Cultural resources management applied to heritage management
3 Management of cultural organisations
4 Cultural tourism
5 Cultural anthropology
6 Cultural resources policies
7 See also
8 Notes
9 References
- 9.1 Further reading

"Cultural Resources Management" Term Dissagreement: America vs. England

Users of Wikipedia should note that the viewpoint and definition if CRM as presented in this article is based on the definitions used only in England. It does not apply to, and is not relevant to the definition of CRM as used in North America.

Cultural resources management applied to heritage management

Main article Cultural Heritage Management

Cultural resources management in the heritage context is mainly concerned with the investigation of sites with archaeological potential, the preservation and interpretation of historic sites and artifacts and the culture of indigenous people. The subject developed from initiatives in rescue archaeology, sensitivities to the treatment of indigenous people and subsequent legislation to protect cultural heritage. Cultural resources management (CRM) is a branch of archaeology concerned with the identification, maintenance, and preservation of significant cultural sites in the face of threat. ... Rescue archaeology was a movement of the early 1970s, particularly in Britain which sought to lobby to help stop the loss of archaeological evidence, where it was threatened by building development work in the historic cities, and by agriculture. ...

In the 1970s, archaeologists created the term "cultural resource management" as a parallel to natural resource management to address the following resources:^[3]

Historic properties (as listed or eligible for the National Register of Historic Places)
Older properties that may have cultural value, but may or may not be eligible for the National Register
Historic properties that have cultural value beyond their historicity
Native American graves and cultural items
Shipwrecks
Museum collections
Historical documents
Religious sites
Religious practices
Cultural use of natural resources
Folklife, tradition, and other social institutions
Theater groups, orchestras, and other community cultural amenities

A significant proprtion of the archaeological investigation in countries that have heritage management legislation including the USA and UK is conducted on sites under threat of development. Museums are popular tourist attractions as well as performing a conservation and research role. A typical plaque showing entry on the National Register of Historic Places. ... The Louvre Museum in Paris, one of the largest and most famous museums in the world. ...

Management of cultural organisations

The vocation of management in cultural and creative organisations is the subject of research and improvement initiatives, by organisations such as Arts and Business which take a partnership approach to involving professional business people in running and mentoring arts organisations. Some universities^[4]^[5] now offer vocational degrees.

The management of cultural heritage is underpinned by academic research in archaeology, ethnography and history. The broader subject is also underpinned by research in sociology and culture studies. Ethnography (from the Greek ethnos = people and graphein = writing) refers to the genre of writing that presents varying degrees of qualitative and quantitative descriptions of human social phenomena, based on fieldwork. ... HIStory - Past, Present and Future, Book I is a double-disc album (one half greatest hits, one half studio album) by American musician Michael Jackson released in June of 1995 by the Epic Records division of Sony BMG. The first disc, (HIStory Begins) contains fifteen hit singles from the past... Sociology (from Latin: socius, companion; and the suffix -ology, the study of, from Greek Î»ÏŒÎ³Î¿Ï‚, lÃ³gos, knowledge) is an academic and applied discipline that studies society and human social interaction. ... Cultural studies is an academic discipline popular among a diverse group of Anglo-American scholars. ...

Cultural tourism

Main article Cultural tourism

Recreational travel to experience different cultures has occurred throughout history, exemplified by the Grand Tour which was enjoyed by young aristrocrats from the 17th Century. Cultural tourism, including Heritage tourism is a growth part of the tourism industry. Cultural tourism (or culture tourism) is the subset of tourism concerned with a country or regions culture, especially its arts. ... The interior of the Pantheon in the 18th century, painted by Giovanni Paolo Panini In the 18th century, the Grand Tour was a kind of education for wealthy British noblemen, wherein the primary educational value was exposure to the cultured artifacts of antiquity and the Renaissance as well as the... The Hawai Mahal in Jaipur, Rajasthan. ...

Cultural anthropology

Main article Cultural anthropology

Understanding the traditional cultures of all peoples (Indigenous or not) is essential in mitigating the adverse impact of development and ensuring that intervention by more developed nations is not prejudicial to the interests of local people or results in the extinction of cultural resources. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Cultural resources policies

Cultural resources policies have developed over time with the recognition of the economic and social importance of heritage and other cultural assets^[6].

The exploitation of cultural resources can be controversial, particularly where the finite cultural heritage resources of developing countries are exported to satisfy the demand for antiquities market in the developed world. The exploitation of the potential intellectual property of traditional remedies in identifying candidates for new drugs has also been controversial. On the other hand, traditional crafts can be important elements of income from tourism, performance of traditional dances and music is popular with tourists and traditional designs can be exploited in the fashion industry. Popular culture can also be an important economic asset.

Notes

^ King 1998, p. 6
^ UK definition of cultural sector
^ King 1998, pp. 5, 6
^ BA in Cultural Resources Management at Dundalk
^ MA in European Cultural Planning at De Montfort
^ Compendium of Cultural Policies and Trends in Europe

Contents

"Cultural Resources Management" Term Dissagreement: America vs. England GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");