NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Culture of Korea

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This article is about the traditional culture of Korea. For the modern culture, see contemporary culture of North Korea and contemporary culture of South Korea.

The traditional culture of Korea is historically shared by North Korea and South Korea ^[1], although the current political separation of the two states has resulted in divergence in the modern Korean cultures. This article is about the Korean peninsula and civilization. ... Since the establishment of the Han Dynasty colonies in the northern Korean Peninsula 2,000 years ago, Koreans have been under the cultural influence of China. ... A dance contest was being held on the stage in front of migliore, Myeongdong, Seoul The contemporary culture of South Korea derives from the traditional culture of Korea, but since the 1948 division of Korea, it has developed separately from North Koreas culture. ...

Joseon dynasty court architecture

Lotus Lantern Festival

Image File history File links Korean_architecture_roof_detail_2. ... Image File history File links Korean_architecture_roof_detail_2. ... Territory of Joseon after Jurchen conquest of King Sejong Capital Hanseong Language(s) Korean Religion Neo-Confucianism Government Monarchy Wang - 1392 - 1398 Taejo (first) - 1863 - 1897 Gojong (last)1 Yeong-uijeong - 1431 - 1449 Hwang Hui - 1466 - 1472 Han Myeonghoe - 1592 - 1598 Ryu Seongryong - 1894 Kim Hongjip History - Coup of 1388... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (768x1024, 545 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Korean Buddhism Culture of Korea Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (768x1024, 545 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Korean Buddhism Culture of Korea Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or...

Traditional arts

Main article: Korean art

Landscape of Geumgangsan in Korea. ...

Music

Main article: Music of Korea

Apart from the instruments used, traditional Korean music is characterized by improvisation and the lack of breaks between movements. A pansori performance can last for over eight hours during which a single singer performs continuously. The first evidence of Korean music is ancient, and it has been well-documented by surviving written materials since the 15th century and was brought to heights of excellence during the Yi kings of the Joseon Dynasty. ... Pansori is a genre of Korean music. ...

Rather than contrasting different speeds as it is common in Western music, most traditional Korean music begins with the slowest movement and then accelerates as the performance continues.

Korean court music, called jeongak, is closely related to the literate upper-class, and has a strong intellectual emphasis. Jeongak is played at a very slow pace, with single beats taking as long as three seconds. The beat matches the speed of breathing rather than the heartbeat as in most Western music, and feels static and meditative. The first evidence of Korean music is ancient, and it has been well-documented by surviving written materials since the 15th century. ...

The tone of Jeongak is soft and tranquil because the traditional instruments are made of non-metallic materials. String instruments have strings made of silk rather than wire. Almost all wind instruments are made of bamboo.

Pungmul is Korea's folk music and is full of expressions and emotions. This kind of traditional music is closely related to the lives of common people. As with the Jeongak, improvisation is common in Minsogak. Image File history File links Korean_madang_nori. ... Image File history File links Korean_madang_nori. ... Pungmul, or nong-ak, is a Korean folk music tradition that includes drumming, dancing, and singing. ...

Traditional Korean musical instruments can be divided into wind, string, and percussion types. Wind instruments include the piri (cylindrical oboe), taepyeongso (metal-bell shawm), daegeum (transverse flute), danso (end-blown flute), saenghwang (mouth organ) and the hun (ocarina). Traditional string instruments include zithers such as the gayageum, geomungo, and ajaeng, and the haegeum, a two-stringed fiddle. Traditional Korean musical instruments comprise a wide range of string, wind, and percussion instruments. ... The piri (í”¼ë¦¬) is a Korean double reed instrument, used in both the folk and classical (court) music of Korea. ... The oboe is a double reed musical instrument of the woodwind family. ... Taapyeongso is a Korean instrument that is known as a metal-bell shawn. ... The shawm was a Renaissance musical instrument of the woodwind family, made in Europe from the late 13th century until the 17th century. ... The daegeum (also spelled taegum or taegÅm) is a large bamboozle transverse flute used in traditional Korean music. ... This article pertains to the musical instrument. ... The danso (ë‹¨ì†Œ, also spelled tanso) is a Korean vertical end-blown flute used in Korean folk music. ... The end-blown flute is a simple woodwind instrument where the player directs air against the end of a pipe or tube. ... The saenghwang (hanja: ç¬™ç°§) is a Korean wind instrument. ... A harmonica is a free reed musical wind instrument (also known, among other things, as a mouth organ, french harp, simply harp, or Mississippi saxophone), having multiple, variably-tuned brass or bronze reeds, each secured at one end over an airway slot of like dimension into which it can freely... The ocarina (IPA: ) is an ancient flute-like wind instrument. ... Concert zither The zither is a musical string instrument, mainly used in folk music, most commonly in German-speaking Alpine Europe. ... A gayageum is a traditional Korean zither-like string instrument, with 12 strings, although more recently variants have been constructed with 21 or other numbers of strings. ... Geomungo is a traditional stringed musical instrument invented in Korea around 550 by famous musician Wang San-ak. ... The ajaeng is a Korean string instrument. ... The haegeum (í•´ê¸ˆ) is a traditional Korean string instrument, resembling a fiddle. ... â€œFiddlerâ€ redirects here. ...

There is a great number of traditional percussion instruments, including the kkwaenggwari (hand-held gong), the jing (hanging gong), buk (barrel drum), janggu (hourglass drum), bak (clapper), pyeonjong (bell chimes or stone chimes), as well as the eo (tiger-shaped scraper) and the chuk (wooden box). The kkwaenggwari is a small flat gong used primarily in folk music of Korea. ... A gong is one of a wide variety of metal percussion instruments. ... Jing can refer to: Beijing, capital of China (name derives from Chinese jÄ«ng (äº¬), capital, part of Beijing (åŒ—äº¬)) and is used as a derogatory term. ... Buk is a town in central Poland, situated in the Greater Poland Voivodship (since 1999), previously in Poznan Voivodship (1975-1998). ... Barrel drums are a class of membranophone, or drum, characterized by a barrel-shape with a bulge in the middle. ... Janggu is the most widely used percussion instrument in most kinds of Korean traditional music. ... Hourglass drums are a class of membranophone, or drum, characterized by an hourglass shape. ... The Bashkir language is a Turkic language, a member of the Kyphchak group of languages. ... The pyeonjong is an ancient Korean musical instrument consisting of a set of 16 bronze bells, played melodically. ... EO or eo can mean: Evangelische Omroep, a radio and TV broadcaster in The Netherlands Esperanto (ISO 639-1, alpha-2, eo) The IATA code for Express One International airline The IATA code for Hewa Bora Airways Equal opportunity Eaxia Online, an internet text-based role playing game Electro-Optical... Ã‡Ã¼k (Ã‡uq; [] or []; Cyrillic: ) was a holiday of KerÃ¤ÅŸen Tatars, Chuvashes, Udmurts, preserved before the beginning of 20th century. ...

Dance

Main article: Korean dance

As with music, there is a distinction between court dances and folk dances. Common court dances are jeongjaemu performed at banquets, and ilmu, performed at Confucian rituals. Jeongjaemu is divided into native dances (hyangak jeongjae) and forms imported from China (dangak jeongjae). Ilmu are divided into civil dance (munmu) and military dance (mumu). This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Religious dances include all the performances at shamanistic rites (gut). Secular dances include both group dances and individual performances. This article is about the practice of shamanism; for other uses, see Shaman (disambiguation). ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...

Traditional choreography of court dances is reflected in many contemporary productions.

Painting

Main article: Korean painting

Goguryeo mural

Amitabha and Eight Great Bodhisattvas, Goryeo scroll from the 1300s

The earliest paintings found on the Korean peninsula are petroglyphs of prehistoric times. With the arrival of Buddhism from China, different techniques were introduced. These techniques quickly established themselves as the mainstream techniques, but indigenous techniques still survived. Korean painting includes paintings made in Korea or by overseas Koreans on all surfaces. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 796 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (800 Ã— 603 pixel, file size: 151 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Goguryeo Culture of Korea Religion in... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 796 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (800 Ã— 603 pixel, file size: 151 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Goguryeo Culture of Korea Religion in... Chinese name Russian name Goguryeo was an ancient kingdom located in southern Manchuria, southern Russian Maritime province, and the northern and central parts of the Korean peninsula. ... Image File history File links Goryeo_Buddhist_painting. ... Image File history File links Goryeo_Buddhist_painting. ... Taegeuk is a traditional symbol of Korea Capital Gaegyeong Language(s) Korean Religion Buddhism Government Monarchy Wang - 918 - 946 Taejo - 949 - 975 Gwangjong - 1259 - 1274 Wonjong - 1351 - 1374 Gongmin Historical era 918 - 1392 - Later Three Kingdoms rise 892 - Coronation of Taejo June 15, 918 - Korea-Khitan Wars 993 - 1019 - Mongolian... Petroglyph Games is a game studio based in Las Vegas, Nevada. ... A silhouette of a Buddha statue at Ayutthaya, Thailand. ...

There is a tendency towards naturalism with subjects such as realistic landscapes, flowers and birds being particularly popular. Ink is the most common material used, and it is painted on mulberry paper or silk. For other uses of this word, see Silk (disambiguation). ...

In the 18th century indigenous techniques were advanced, particularly in calligraphy and seal engraving.

Arts are both influenced by tradition and realism in North Korea. For example, Han’s near-photographic "Break Time at the Ironworks" shows muscular men dripping with sweat and drinking water from tin cups at a sweltering foundry. Son’s "Peak Chonnyo of Mount Kumgang" is a classical Korean landscape of towering cliffs shrouded by mists (source : "The New York Times", [2]). Sisters Duk Soon Fwhang and Chung Soon Fwang O'Dwyer who fled to the United States in the late 1950s avoid overtly political statements, and render seemingly benign sujects of nature--flowers, birds, fields, insects, mountains--as tempestuous and emotionally charged zones of conflict.

Crafts

There is a unique set of handicrafts produced in Korea. Most of the handicrafts are created for a particular everyday use, often giving priority to the practical use rather than aesthetics. Traditionally, metal, wood, fabric, laquerware and earthenware were the main materials used, but later glass, leather or paper have sporadically been used. This article is about the Korean peninsula and civilization. ... The Parthenons facade showing an interpretation of golden rectangles in its proportions. ... ... Earthenware is a common ceramic material, which is used extensively for pottery tableware and decorative objects. ...

Ancient handicrafts, such as red and black pottery, share similarities with pottery of Chinese cultures along the Yellow River. The relics found of the Bronze Age, however, are distinctive and more elaborate. For other Yellow Rivers, see Yellow River (disambiguation). ... The Bronze Age is a period in a civilizations development when the most advanced metalworking has developed the techniques of smelting copper from natural outcroppings and alloys it to cast bronze. ...

Many sophisticated and elaborate handicrafts have been excavated, including gilt crowns, patterned pottery, pots or ornaments. During the Goryeo period the use of bronze was advanced. Brass, that is copper with one third zinc, has been a particularly popular material. The dynasty, however, is renowned for its use of celadon ware. â€œBrazenâ€ redirects here. ... For other uses, see Copper (disambiguation). ... General Name, symbol, number zinc, Zn, 30 Chemical series transition metals Group, period, block 12, 4, d Appearance bluish pale gray Standard atomic weight 65. ... Alternate meaning: Celadon (color) Celadon funerary jar from the Three Kingdoms period Celadon is a type of pottery having a pale green glaze. ...

During the Joseon period popular handicrafts were made of porcelain and decorated with blue painting. Woodcraft was also advanced during that period. This led to more sophisticated pieces of furniture, including wardrobes, chests, tables or drawers.

Ceramics

Main article: Korean pottery and porcelain

The use of earthenware on the Korean peninsula goes back to the Neolithic Age. The history of Korean Ceramics is long and includes both Korean pottery a later development after the traditional use of coils and hammered clay to create early votive and sculptural artifacts. During the Three Kingdoms period, pottery was advanced in Silla. The pottery was fired using a deoxidizing flame, which caused the distinctive blue grey celadon colour. The surface was embossed with various geometrical patterns. - - Cheongja unhak sanggam mun maebyeong, adorned with drawings of the red cranes. ... Earthenware is a common ceramic material, which is used extensively for pottery tableware and decorative objects. ... The Neolithic, (Greek neos=new, lithos=stone, or New Stone Age) is traditionally the last part of the stone age. ... Korean pottery appeared later than south Chinese pottery, and required a reasonably stable village culture before domestic Korean potters wheels and kilns could be produced. ... Korean pottery appeared later than south Chinese pottery, and required a reasonably stable village culture before domestic Korean potters wheels and kilns could be produced. ... Silla (also spelled Shilla, traditional dates 57 BCE - 935 CE) was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. ... Unfired green ware pottery on a traditional drying rack at Conner Prairie living history museum. ... Alternate meanings: Celadon (disambiguation) Celadon is a pale, sea-green pigment. ...

In the Goryeo period jade green celadon ware became more popular. In the 12th century sophisticated methods of inlaying were invented, allowing more elaborate decorations in different colours.

White porcelain became popular in the 15th century. It soon overtook celadon ware. White porcelain was commonly painted or decorated with copper. â€œFine Chinaâ€ redirects here. ...

With the Japanese invasions of Korea in the 16th century, many leading potters were kidnapped to Japan where they profoundly influenced Japanese ceramics. Many leading Japanese pottery families today can trace their art and ancestry to these Korean potters.[3] [4] [5] Combatants Joseon Dynasty Korea, Ming Dynasty China Japan under Toyotomi Hideyoshi Commanders Korea: Yi Sun-sin, Gwon Yul, Won Gyun, Kim Myung Won, Yi Il, Sin Lip, Gwak Jae-u, Kim Shi-min China: Li Rusong , Li Rubai, Ma Gui , Qian Shi-zhen, Ren Ziqiang, Yang Yuan, Zhang Shijue, Chen...

In the mid Joseon period (late 17th century) blue-and-white porcelain became popular. Designs were painted in cobalt blue on white porcelain. With the growth of Japan's hegemony on the peninsula towards the end of the 19th century the tradition of porcelain largely declined in favour of Japanese imports.

Lifestyle

Homes

Main article: Korean architecture

Traditional farmer's house; Folk Village, Seoul

Sites of residence are traditionally selected using geomancy. It is believed that any topographical configuration generates invisible forces of good or ill (gi). The negative and positive energies (yin and yang) must be brought into balance. Korean architecture refers to the architecture of Korea. ... Traditional farmers house of South Korea, located in the folk village in Seoul, South Korea. ... Traditional farmers house of South Korea, located in the folk village in Seoul, South Korea. ... Geomancy (from Old French geomancie <Late Latin geÅmantia <Late Greek geÅmanteia< geo, earth + manteia, divination) from the eponymous ilm al-raml (the science of sand), is a method of divination that interprets markings on the ground, or how handfuls of dirt land when someone tosses them. ... Japanese name Kanji: Hiragana: Vietnamese name Vietnamese: In Chinese philosophy yin and yang (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) are generalized descriptions of the antitheses or mutual correlations in human perceptions of phenomena in the natural world, combining to create a unity of opposites in the theory of the Taiji. ...

A house should be built against a hill and face south to receive as much sunlight as possible. This orientation is still preferred in modern Korea. Geomancy also influences the shape of the building, the direction it faces and the material it is built of.

Traditional house of a scholar, Gangneung

Traditional Korean houses can be structured into an inner wing (anchae) and an outer wing (sarangchae). The individual layout largely depends on the region and the wealth of the family. Whereas aristocrats used the outer wing for receptions, poorer people kept cattle in the sarangchae. The wealthier a family, the larger the house. However, it was forbidden to any family except for the king to have a residence of more than 99 kan. A kan is the distance between two pillars used in traditional houses. Scholars house in South Korea (Gangneung). ... Scholars house in South Korea (Gangneung). ...

The inner wing normally consisted of a living room, a kitchen and a wooden-floored central hall. More rooms may be attached to this. Poorer farmers would not have any outer wing. Floor heating (ondol) has been used in Korea for centuries. The main building materials are wood, clay, tile, stone and thatch. Because wood and clay were the most common materials used in the past not many old buildings have survived into present times. For other uses, see Wood (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Clay (disambiguation). ... Mission, or barrel, roof tiles A tile is a manufactured piece of hard-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, porcelain, metal or even glass. ... â€œRockâ€ redirects here. ... Thatching is the art or craft of covering a roof with vegetative materials such as straw, reed or sedge. ...

Gardens

Main article: Korean gardens

The principles of temple gardens and private gardens are the same. They generally resemble gardens in China and Japan. This is so, because gardening in East Asia is heavily influenced by Taoism. Taoism emphasizes nature and mystery, paying great attention to the details of the layout. In contrast to Japanese and Chinese gardens, traditional Korean gardens avoid artificialities. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... East Asia Geographic East Asia. ... Taoism (Daoism) is the English name referring to a variety of related Chinese philosophical and religious traditions and concepts. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

The lotus pond is an important feature in the Korean garden. If there is a natural stream, often a pavilion is built next to it, allowing the pleasure of watching the water. Terraced flower beds are a common feature in traditional Korean gardens. Binomial name Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. ... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ...

The Poseokjeong site near Gyeongju was built in the Silla period. It highlights the importance of water in traditional Korean gardens. The garden of Poseokjeong features an abalone-shaped watercourse. During the last days of the Silla kingdom, the king's guest would sit along the watercourse and chat while wine cups were floated during banquets. Gyeongju is a city (see Subdivisions of South Korea) and prominent tourist destination in eastern South Korea. ... Silla (also spelled Shilla, traditional dates 57 BCE - 935 CE) was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. ... Silla (also spelled Shilla, traditional dates 57 BCE - 935 CE) was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. ...

Dress

Main article: Hanbok

A game of yut played by family wearing hanbok

Men's and women's hanbok of late Joseon period

The traditional dress known as hanbok (known as joseonot in the DPRK) has been worn since ancient times. The hanbok consists of a shirt (jeogori) and pants (baji). The traditional hat is called gwanmo and special meaning is attached to this piece of clothing. Hanbok (í•œë³µ) (South Korea) or chosÅn-ot (ì¡°ì„ ì˜·) (North Korea) is the traditional Korean dress. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 470 KB) Yut-Spielerinnen selbst aufgenommen im Folklore-Dorf minsokchon File links The following pages link to this file: Culture of Korea Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 470 KB) Yut-Spielerinnen selbst aufgenommen im Folklore-Dorf minsokchon File links The following pages link to this file: Culture of Korea Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or... Yut (ìœ·) (sometimes romanized as nyout) is a traditional board game played in Korea. ... Hanbok (í•œë³µ) (South Korea) or chosÅn-ot (ì¡°ì„ ì˜·) (North Korea) is the traditional Korean dress. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Hanbok (í•œë³µ) (South Korea) or chosÅn-ot (ì¡°ì„ ì˜·) (North Korea) is the traditional Korean dress. ... North Korea, officially the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (DPRK; Korean: Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk; Hangul: 조선민주주의인민공화국; Hanja: 朝鮮民主主義人民共和國), is a country in eastern Asia...

According to social status, Koreans used to dress differently, making clothing an important mark of social rank. Impressive, but sometimes cumbersome, costumes were worn by the ruling class and the royal family. Jewelry was also used to distance themselves from the ordinary people.

Common people were often restricted to un-dyed plain clothes. This everyday dress underwent relatively few changes during the Joseon period. The basic everyday dress was shared by everyone, but distinctions were drawn in official and ceremonial clothes.

During the winter people wore cotton-wadded dresses. Fur was also common. Because ordinary people normally wore undyed materials, the people were sometimes referred to as the white-clad folk.

Hanbok are classified according to their purposes: everyday dress, ceremonial dress and special dress. Ceremonial dresses are worn on formal occasions, including a child's first birthday (doljanchi), a wedding or a funeral. Special dresses are made for purposes such as shamans, officials.

Today the hanbok is still sometimes worn during formal occasions. The everyday use of the dress, however, has been lost.

Cuisine

Main article: Korean cuisine

Hanjungsik

Rice is the staple food of Korea. Having been an almost exclusively agricultural country until recently, the essential recipes in Korea are shaped by this experience. The main crops in Korea are rice, barley and beans, but many supplementary crops are used. Fish and other seafood are also important because Korea is a peninsula. Hanjeongsik Korean cuisine is based on the traditional foods and preparation techniques of Korea. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... For other uses, see Rice (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... For other uses, see Rice (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Barley (disambiguation). ... This article is on the plant. ... For other uses, see Fish (disambiguation). ... Spaghetti with seafood (Spaghetti allo scoglio). ...

Fermented recipes were also developed in early times. These include pickled fish and pickled vegetables. This kind of food provides essential proteins and vitamins during the winter. For other uses, see Fermentation. ... For other uses, see Pickle. ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ... Retinol (Vitamin A) For the record label, see Vitamin Records A vitamin is an organic compound required in tiny amounts for essential metabolic reactions in a living organism. ...

A number of menus have been developed. These can be divided into ceremonial foods and ritual foods. Ceremonial foods are used when a child reaches 100 days, at the first birthday, at a wedding ceremony, and the sixtieth birthday. Ritual foods are used at funerals, at ancestral rites, shaman's offerings and as temple food.

Temple food is distinguished as it does not use the common five strong-flavoured ingredients of Korean cuisine (garlic, spring onion, wild rocambole, leek and ginger), nor meat. Hanjeongsik Korean cuisine is based on the traditional foods and preparation techniques of Korea. ... Binomial name L. Allium sativum L., commonly known as garlic, is a species in the onion family Alliaceae. ... Chopped spring onion The common name scallion(Or Don Patch sword as on Bobobo) is associated with various members of the genus Allium that lack a fully-developed bulb. ... Rocambole may be A name of two kinds of garlic, Allium scorodoprasum and , the latter of which is also called shallot. ... For other uses, see Leek (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Ginger (disambiguation). ...

For ceremonies and rituals rice cakes are vital. The colouring of the food and the ingredients of the recipes are matched with a balance of yin and yang. Rice cake may refer to several foods: Puffed rice cakes, made from puffed rice and sold as a healthy snack food in North America and other Western countries. ... Japanese name Kanji: Hiragana: Vietnamese name Vietnamese: In Chinese philosophy yin and yang (simplified Chinese: ; traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ) are generalized descriptions of the antitheses or mutual correlations in human perceptions of phenomena in the natural world, combining to create a unity of opposites in the theory of the Taiji. ...

Today, surasang (traditional court cuisine) is available to the whole population. In the past vegetable dishes were essential, but meat consumption has increased. Traditional dishes include ssambap, bulgogi, sinseollo, kimchi, bibimbap and gujeolpan. Korean royal court cuisine or Surasang is the cuisine traditionally consumed at the court of the Joseon Dynasty, which ruled Korea from 1392 to 1910. ... A royal or noble court, as an instrument of government broader than a court of justice, comprises an extended household centered on a patron whose rule may govern law or be governed by it. ... Bulgogi with Banchan Bulgogi is one of Koreas most popular beef dishes. ... Sinseollo or yeolguja tang is an elaborate dish consisting of meatballs, jeonyueo (ì „ìœ ì–´), mushrooms, and vegetables cooked in a rich broth in Korean royal court cuisine. ... Kimchi, also spelled gimchi or kimchee, is a traditional Korean fermented dish made of seasoned vegetables, such as the pickled Chinese cabbage. ... Bibimbap (ë¹„ë¹”ë°¥) is a popular Korean dish. ... It is a dish rather than the food, it is the nine divided sections in the dish which separates the different meats, and vegetables by color. ...

Tea

Main article: Korean tea

Tea in Korea dates back over 2000 years.^{[citation needed]}It was part of a number of worship recipes, hoping that the good scents would reach the heavenly gods. Tea was introduced in Korea, when Buddhism was introduced from China, and later gave rise to the Korean Tea Ceremony. Korean teas are made from diverse substances including fruits, roots, grains and alternative medicine. ... This article is about the Korean peninsula and civilization. ... A silhouette of a Buddha statue at Ayutthaya, Thailand. ... A typical setting for a Korean tea ceremony disregarding a contemporary tiled rather than paper covered floor The Korean tea ceremony is a unique form of tea ceremony practiced in Korea for more than a thousand years. ...

Originally tea was used for ceremonial purposes or as part of traditional herbal medicine. Green tea, as it is used in China and Japan, is not the only kind of tea drunk in Korea. A great number of teas made of fruits, leaves, seeds or roots are enjoyed. Five tastes of tea are distinguished in Korea: the sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and pungent tastes. For the chemical substances known as medicines, see medication. ... Green tea (绿茶) is tea that has undergone minimal oxidation during processing. ... This article is about the Korean peninsula and civilization. ...

Festivals of the lunar calendar

Main article: Korean calendar

The traditional Korean calendar was based on the lunisolar calendar.^[2] Dates are calculated from Korea's meridian, and observances and festivals are rooted in Korean culture. The Korean lunar calendar is divided into 24 turning points (jeolgi), each lasting about 15 days. The lunar calendar was the timetable for the agrarian society in the past, but is vanishing in the modern Korean lifestyle. The traditional Korean calendar is directly derived from the Asian calendar. ... The traditional Korean calendar is directly derived from the Asian calendar. ... A lunisolar calendar is a calendar whose date indicates both the moon phase and the time of the solar year. ... Look up meridian in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The traditional Korean calendar is directly derived from the Asian calendar. ...

The Gregorian Calendar was officially adopted in 1895, but traditional holidays and age-reckoning are still based on the old calendar.^[3] ^[4] + Older generations still celebrate their birthdays according to the lunar calendar. For the calendar of religious holidays and periods, see liturgical year. ... East Asian age reckoning is a concept that originated in China and is used in East Asian countries. ...

The biggest festival in Korea today is Seollal (the traditional Korean New Year). Other important festivals include Daeboreum (the first full moon), Dano (spring festival) and Chuseok (harvest festival). Joseon dynasty court architecture Lotus Lantern Festival The traditional culture of Korea is historically shared by North Korea and South Korea [1], although the current political separation of the two states has resulted in divergence in the modern Korean cultures. ... Daeboreum (ëŒ€ë³´ë¦„) is a Korean holiday that celebrates the first full moon of the new year according to the lunar calendar. ... Dano is a Korean holiday that falls on the 5th day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar. ... Chuseok], a major holiday in Korea, is celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar Korean calendar. ...

There are also a number of regional festivals, celebrated according to the lunar calendar. See also Public holidays in North Korea and Public holidays in South Korea. Public holidays in North KoreaWaseem Ghani Other observances ChosÅngÅl Day (Korean Alphabet Day, ì¡°ì„ ê¸€ë‚ ) on January 15 See also List of Korea-related topics Culture of North Korea List of holidays by country Public holidays in South Korea Categories: | | ... This is a list of Public holidays in South Korea. ...

Games

Yut board game

There are a number of board games played in Korea. Baduk is the Korean name for what is known as Go in English. This game is particularly popular with middle-aged and elderly men. It has a similar status as has chess in Western cultures. There is a Korean version of chess called Janggi, based on an old version of Chinese chess. Yut is a popular family board game enjoyed throughout the country, especially during holidays. Yut game as played in Korea. ... Yut game as played in Korea. ... Go is a strategic board game for two players. ... This article is about the Western board game. ... Janggi is one of a family of strategic board games of which Western chess, Japanese Shogi, and the very similar Chinese Xiangqi are also members. ... Xiangqi (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: hsiang4-chi2; ), is a two-player strategic Chinese board game in the same family as Western chess, chaturanga, shogi and janggi. ... Yut (ìœ·) (sometimes romanized as nyout) is a traditional board game played in Korea. ...

No longer commonly played, Chajeon Nori is a traditional game involving two teams of villagers in a giant jousting match. Chajeon Nori, occasionally translated as Juggernaut Battle, is a traditional Korean game usually played by men, originating in the Andong region. ...

Many folk games are associated with shamanistic rites and have been handed down from one generation to the next. Three rites are important with regards to folk games: Yeonggo, Dongmaeng and Mucheon. Yeonggo is a drumming performance to invoke spirits. Dongmaeng is a harvest ceremony, while Mucheon is dances to the heaven. These performances were refined during the period of the Three Kingdoms and games were added.

Ssireum is a form of traditional wrestling. Other traditional games include pitching arrows into a pot (tuho) and a game of stick-tossing (jeopo). There are also stone fights (seokjeon), swing riding (geunetagi), masked dance drama, and a ball game (gyeokku). Image:Ssireum-1. ...

World Heritage sites

There are a number of designated UNESCO World Heritage sites in Korea. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ... This article is about the Korean peninsula and civilization. ...

Jongmyo Shrine

Main article: Jongmyo

The Jongmyo Shrine was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site list in 1995 and is located in Seoul. The shrine is dedicated to the spirits of the ancestors of the royal family of the Joseon Dynasty. It is heavily influenced by Confucian tradition. An elaborate performance of ancient court music (with accompanying dance) known as Jongmyo jeryeak is performed there each year. Jongmyo is a Confucian shrine dedicated to the memorial services for the dead kings and queens of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea. ... UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... Territory of Joseon after Jurchen conquest of King Sejong Capital Hanseong Language(s) Korean Religion Neo-Confucianism Government Monarchy Wang - 1392 - 1398 Taejo (first) - 1863 - 1897 Gojong (last)1 Yeong-uijeong - 1431 - 1449 Hwang Hui - 1466 - 1472 Han Myeonghoe - 1592 - 1598 Ryu Seongryong - 1894 Kim Hongjip History - Coup of 1388... Korean Confucianism is the form of Confucianism developed in Korea. ... The first evidence of Korean music is ancient, and it has been well-documented by surviving written materials since the 15th century. ...

When it was built in 1394 is was thought to be one of the longest buildings in Asia, if not the longest. There are 19 memorial tablets of kings and 30 of their queens, placed in 19 chambers. The shrine was burnt to the ground during the Japanese invasion in 1592, but rebuilt by 1608. // Events Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, travels with King Richard II of England to Ireland. ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... Combatants Joseon Dynasty Korea, Ming Dynasty China Japan under Toyotomi Hideyoshi Commanders Korea: Yi Sun-sin, Gwon Yul, Won Gyun, Kim Myung Won, Yi Il, Sin Lip, Gwak Jae-u, Kim Shi-min China: Li Rusong , Li Rubai, Ma Gui , Qian Shi-zhen, Ren Ziqiang, Yang Yuan, Zhang Shijue, Chen...

Changdeokgung

Main article: Changdeokgung

Changdeokgung is also known as the palace of illustrious virtue. It was built in 1405, burnt to the ground during the Japanese invasion in 1592 and reconstructed in 1609. For more than 300 years Changdeokgung was the site of the royal seat. It is located in Seoul Changdeokgung (Changdeok Palace or Palace of Prospering Virtue) is a palace set within a large park in Seoul, South Korea. ... Changdeokgung (Changdeok Palace or Palace of Prospering Virtue) is a palace set within a large park in Seoul, South Korea. ... Short name Statistics Location map Map of location of Seoul. ...

The surroundings and the palace itself are well matched. Some of the trees behind the palace are now over 300 years old. Changdeokgung was added to the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1997. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ...

Bulguksa

Main article: Bulguksa

Seokguram Grotto

Bulguksa is also known as the temple of the Buddha Land and home of the Seokguram Grotto. The temple was constructed in 751 and consists of a great number of halls. There are two pagodas placed in the temple. Bulguksa is a Buddhist temple in the North Gyeongsang province in South Korea. ... Download high resolution version (1091x1488, 548 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1091x1488, 548 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Bulguksa is a Buddhist temple in the North Gyeongsang province in South Korea. ...

The Seokguram grotto is a hermitage of the Bulguksa temple. It is a granite sanctuary. In the main chamber a Buddha statue is seated. The temple and the grotto were added to the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1995. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ...

Tripitaka Koreana and Haeinsa

Main article: Haeinsa

Haeinsa is a large temple in the South Gyeongsang province. It was built in 802 and home to the Tripitaka Koreana wood blocks. The carving of these wood blocks was initiated in 1236 and only completed in 1251. The wood blocks are testimony to the pious devotion of king and his people. Haeinsa is one of the foremost Buddhist temples in South Korea, most notable because it is the home of the Tripitaka Koreana, the whole of the Buddhist Scriptures carved onto 81,258 wooden printing blocks. ... Haeinsa is one of the foremost Buddhist temples in South Korea, most notable because it is the home of the Tripitaka Koreana, the whole of the Buddhist Scriptures carved onto 81,258 wooden printing blocks. ... South Gyeongsang is a province in the southeast of South Korea. ... Events 31 October - Irene deposed as Emperoress of Byzantium and replaced by Nicephorus I. She is banished to Lesbos. ... The Tripitaka Koreana (lit. ... // Events May 6 - Roger of Wendover, Benedictine monk and chronicler of St Albanss Abbey dies. ... Events First Shepherds Crusade Births Deaths Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276) Castile - Ferdinand III, the Saint King of Castile and Leon (reigned from 1217 to 1252) Categories: 1251 ...

The word Tripitaka is Sanskrit and stands for three baskets, referring to the Buddhist laws of aesthetics. The Tripitaka Koreana consists of 81'258 wood blocks and is the largest collection of Buddhist scripts. Amazingly there is no trace of errata or omission on any of the wood blocks. The Tripitaka Koreana is widely considered as the most beautiful and accurate Buddhist canon carved in Chinese characters. The Tripiá¹aka (Sanskrit à¤¤à¥à¤°à¤¿à¤ªà¤¿à¤Ÿà¤•, lit. ... Sanskrit ( , for short ) is a classical language of India, a liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Jainism, and one of the 23 official languages of India. ... A silhouette of a Buddha statue at Ayutthaya, Thailand. ... A silhouette of a Buddha statue at Ayutthaya, Thailand. ... Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. ...

The site was added to the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1995. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ...

Hwaseong

Main article: Hwaseong Fortress

A frontal view of the west gate and watch tower.

Hwaseong is the fortification of the city Suwon south of Seoul in South Korea. Its construction was completed in 1796 and it features all the latest features of Korean fortification known at the time. Hwaseong (Brilliant Fortress) is located in Suwon, South Korea, 30 kilometers from Seoul. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 Ã— 1200 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 Ã— 1200 pixel, file size: 1. ... Hwaseong (Brilliant Fortress) is located in Suwon, South Korea, 30 kilometers from Seoul. ... Suwon (Suwon-si) is the provincial capital of Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. ... Short name Statistics Location map Map of location of Seoul. ... Year 1796 (MDCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ...

The fortress covers both flat land and hilly terrain, something rarely seen in East Asia. The walls are 5.52 kilometres long and there are 41 extant facilities along the perimeter. These include four cardinal gates, a floodgate, four secret gates and a beacon tower. East Asia Geographic East Asia. ... Tokyo floodgates to protect from typhoon surges. ...

Hwaseong was added to the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1997. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ...

Gochang, Hwasun and Ganghwa sites

Main article: Gochang, Hwasun and Ganghwa Dolmen Sites

The sites of Gochang, Hwasun and Ganghwa were added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage in 2000. These sites are home to prehistoric graveyards which contain hundreds of different megaliths. These megaliths are gravestones which were created in the 1st century B.C. out of large blocks of rock. Megaliths can be found around the globe, but nowhere in such a concentration as in the sites of Gochang, Hwasun and Ganghwa. The Gochang, Hwasun and Ganghwa Dolmen Sites are the location of hundreds of stone dolmen which were used as grave markers and for ritual purposes during the first millennium BCE when the Megalithic Culture was prominent on the Korean Peninsula. ... UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ... Megalithic tomb, Mane Braz, Brittany Bronze age wedge tomb in the Burren area of Ireland For the record label, see Megalith Records. ... Headstones in the Japanese Cemetry in Broome, Western Australia A cemetery in rural Spain A typical late 20th century headstone in the United States A headstone, tombstone or gravestone is a marker, normally carved from stone, placed over or next to the site of a burial. ... â€œRockâ€ redirects here. ...

Gyeongju Area

Main article: Gyeongju Historic Areas

The historic area around Gyeongju was added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage in 2000. Gyongju was the capital of the Silla kingdom. The tombs of the Silla rulers can still be found in the centre of the city. These tombs took the shape of rock chambers buried in an earthen hill, sometimes likened with the pyramids. The area around Gyeongju, in particular on the Namsan mountain, is scattered with hundreds of remains from the Silla period. Poseokjeong is one of the most famous of these sites, but there is a great number of Korean Buddhist art, sculptures, reliefs, pagodas and remains of temples and palaces mostly built in the 7th and 10th century. The Gyeongju Historic Areas were designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2000 CE. The protected areas encompass the ruins of temples and palaces, outdoor pagodas and statuary, and other cultural artifacts left by the Silla Kingdom. ... Gyeongju is a city (see Subdivisions of South Korea) and prominent tourist destination in eastern South Korea. ... UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... Silla (also spelled Shilla, traditional dates 57 BCE - 935 CE) was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. ... This is about the polyhedron. ... Namsan (ë‚¨ì‚°, South Mountain) is a 494-meter peak in the heart of Gyeongju National Park, just south of Gyeongju, South Korea. ... The Poseokjeong site near Namsan in Gyeongju was built in the Silla period. ... The grounds of Koreas Buryeongsa Temple. ... A pagoda at Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia This article is about the building style. ... Temple of Hephaestus, an Doric Greek temple in Athens with the original entrance facing east, 449 BC (western face depicted) For other uses, see Temple (disambiguation). ... The quintessential medieval European palace: Palais de la CitÃ©, in Paris, the royal palace of France. ...

Complex of Goguryeo Tombs

Main article: Complex of Goguryeo Tombs

The Complex of Goguryeo Tombs lies in Pyongyang, Pyong'an South Province, and Nampo City, South Hwanghae Province, North Korea. In July 2004 it became the first UNESCO World Heritage site north of the 38th parallel. The Complex of Goguryeo Tombs lies in North Korea. ... The Complex of Goguryeo Tombs lies in North Korea. ... Not to be confused with PyeongChang. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ...

The site consists of 63 individual tombs from the later Goguryeo, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. It was founded around northern Korea and Manchuria around 32 BC, and the capital was moved to Pyongyang in 427. This kingdom dominated the region between the 5th and 7th century AD. Hami Lee was the first Korean Female President of South Korea. She reigns successfully and happily and everyone in the world loves her! Chinese name Russian name Goguryeo was an ancient kingdom located in southern Manchuria, southern Russian Maritime province, and the northern and central parts of the Korean peninsula. ... The Three Kingdoms Period of Korea (hangul: ì‚¼êµì‹œëŒ€) featured the three rival kingdoms of Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla, which dominated the Korean peninsula and parts of Manchuria for much of the 1st millennium CE. Historians claim that the Three Kingdoms period ran from the 1st century BCE (specifically 57 BC) until... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Europe in 450 The 5th century is the period from 401 to 500 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. ... The 7th century is the period from 601 - 700 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. ...

References

^ See "Same roots, different style" by Kim Hyun : [1]
^ http://www.koreainfogate.com/aboutkorea/item.asp?src=menu01_03
^ http://www.koreainfogate.com/aboutkorea/item.asp?src=menu01_03
^ http://www.lifeinkorea.com/Calendar/holidays.cfm

Categories: Articles needing additional references from August 2007 | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements since March 2007 | World Heritage Sites in South Korea | Korean culture

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