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Updated 1193 days 16 hours 15 minutes ago.

The Cumans, also known as Polovtsy (Slavic for yellowish) were a nomadic West Turkic tribe living on the north of the Black Sea along the Volga. They are identified with the Western branch of the Kipchaks. They invaded Southern Ukraine, Moldova, Wallachia and part of Transylvania in the 11th century and from here they continued their plundering of the Byzantine Empire, Hungary and Kievan Rus'. In 1089, they were defeated by Ladislaus I of Hungary, then they were again defeated by the Vladimir Monomakh in the 12th century and crushed by the Tatars in the 1241. Many took refuge in Hungary and Bulgaria, where they were assimilated. Their name can still be seen in placenames such as the city of Kumanovo in Macedonia and Comana in Dobrudja. The Cumans from the current Russia joined the khanate of the Golden Horde. In the 13th century, Western Cumans became Catholic Christians, while Eastern assumed Islam. Catholic "Diocese of the Cumans" included Romania and Bessarabia. This title was kept until 1523. For Russian battles with the Polovtsi, see the Battle of the Stugna River, the Battle of the Kalka River, and the Tale of Igor's Campaign. Polovtsian Dances is a theme in Alexander Borodin's opera Prince Igor. See also Cuman language External links Catholics and Cumans (http://www.eliznik.org.uk/RomaniaHistory/csango_cumman.htm) Codex Cumanicus (http://www.ku.edu/carrie/texts/carrie_books/paksoy-2/cam2.html) Categories: Historical stubs | Turkic peoples | Kievan Rus | Romanian history | Hungarian history

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	Cumans and Tatars - Cambridge University Press (2926 words) The Cumans and the Tatars were nomadic warriors of the Eurasian steppe who exerted an enduring impact on the medieval Balkans. As a consequence, groups of the Cumans and the Tatars settled and mingled with the local population in various regions of the Balkans. From 1091 the Cumans gained the upper hand in the Balkans, and their role in the re-establishment of the Bulgarian Empire in 1185–6 and in its eventual fate was fundamental. Cumans - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (495 words) Cumans, also called as Polovtsy, (Russian Половцы, from old Slavic for pale yellowish) was the European name for the Western Kipchaks, a nomadic West Turkic tribe living on the north of the Black Sea along the Volga. While the Cumans were assimilated, their name can still be seen in placenames such as the city of Kumanovo in Macedonia, Comăneşti in Moldavia and Comana in Dobruja. Cumans having settled in Hungary had their own self-government there, and their name (kun) is still preserved in the county names Bács-Kiskun and Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, and town names as (eg.) Kiskunhalas, Kiskunszentmiklós as well.
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