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This article does not cite any references or sources. (August 2007) Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. Monument to the dance and music of cumbia in El Banco. Cumbia Stylistic origins African music, possibly Guinean cumbe Cultural origins African and Amerindian slaves in Colombia and Panama. Typical instruments Percussion and woodwind; drums, claves, güiro, flutes and maracas. Other: Saxophone, Trumpets, Keyboards, Trombone, guitar, accordion, Timbales with cowbell, bass. Mainstream popularity Beginning in the 1950s, across Latin America, originated during the Spanish colonial times in Colombia, with the modern version spreading into other countries after it became very popular in Colombia in the 1920's and 1930's; El Salvador, Peru, Argentina and Mexico Subgenres Cumbia villera, Mexican cumbia, Peruvian cumbia, Tecnocumbia Fusion genres Cumbia rap Regional scenes Colombia - Argentina - Mexico - El Salvador - Bolivia - Peru - Chile Cumbia is originally a Colombian folk dance and dance music and is Colombia's representative national dance and music along with vallenato. The Cumbia is an autochthonous dance and music from the Caribbean Coast of Colombia, with variants of equally folk in Panama. Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 598 pixelsFull resolution (2032 × 1520 pixel, file size: 857 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) El Banco es llamada la ciudad imperio de la cumbia, este es un monumento a ese ritmo caribeño File historyClick on a date/time... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 598 pixelsFull resolution (2032 × 1520 pixel, file size: 857 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) El Banco es llamada la ciudad imperio de la cumbia, este es un monumento a ese ritmo caribeño File historyClick on a date/time... El Banco is a Colombian Municipality located in the southern part of the Department of Magdalena. ... Cumbe is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Sergipe. ... Percussion redirects here. ... A woodwind instrument is a musical instrument in which sound is produced by blowing through a mouthpiece against an edge or by a vibrating reed, and in which the pitch is varied by opening or closing holes in the body of the instrument. ... For other uses, see Drum (disambiguation). ... Claves(pronounces Clar-vays) is a percussion instrument (idiophone), consisting of a pair of short (about 20-30 cm), thick dowels. ... The güiro is a percussion instrument consisting of an open-ended, hollow gourd with parallel notches cut in one side. ... â™  This article is about the family of musical instruments. ... Maracas Maracas (sometimes called rhumba shakers) are simple percussion instruments (idiophones), usually played in pairs, consisting of a dried calabash or gourd shell (cuia - kOO-ya) or coconut shell filled with seeds or dried beans. ... The saxophone (colloquially referred to as sax) is a conical-bored musical instrument usually considered a member of the woodwind family. ... Trumpeter redirects here. ... Piano, a well-known instance of keyboard instruments A keyboard instrument is any musical instrument played using a musical keyboard. ... The trombone is a musical instrument in the brass family. ... For other uses, see Guitar (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Accordion (disambiguation). ... Timbales (or tymbales) are shallow single-headed drums, shallower in shape than single-headed tom-toms, and usually much higher tuned. ... The cowbell is a percussion instrument. ... A sunburst-colored Fender Precision Bass The electric bass guitar (or electric bass[1][2]; pronounced , as in base) is a bass stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers (either by plucking, slapping, popping, or tapping) or using a pick. ... Cumbia villera (shantytown cumbia, ) is a typically Argentine form of cumbia music born in the villas miseria (shantytowns) around Buenos Aires and then popularized in other large urban settlements. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Cumbia Rap is a fairly new spin off of the original cumbia genre. ... Folk dance is a term used to describe a large number of dances, mostly of European origin, that tend to share the following attributes: They were originally danced in about the 19th century or earlier (or are, in any case, not currently copyrighted); Their performance is dominated by an inherited... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Vallenato, along with cumbia, is the most popular folk music of Colombia. ... It is a popular music and dance in different Latin-American countries, where it has followed different variants as the Mexican, Argentine, Peruvian, and others. Mexican may have several meanings. ... Argentina is a country in southern South America, situated between the Andes in the west and the southern Atlantic Ocean in the east. ... Modern cumbia includes instrumental mixing; guitars, accordions, bass guitar, modern flutes and modern deep-toned drums and other percussions. The basic rhythm structure is 4/4. Cumbia is the net intersection of two cultures that settled in the region of what is now northern Colombia at different times; the Amerindians and African slaves. Cumbia began as a courtship dance practiced among the slave population that was later mixed with the European instruments and influence. For other uses, see Guitar (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Accordion (disambiguation). ... A sunburst-colored Fender Precision Bass The electric bass guitar (or electric bass[1][2]; pronounced , as in base) is a bass stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers (either by plucking, slapping, popping, or tapping) or using a pick. ... â™  This article is about the family of musical instruments. ... For other kinds of drums, see drum (disambiguation). ... Percussion redirects here. ... For other uses, see Rhythm (disambiguation). ... Native Americans (also Indians, Aboriginal Peoples, American Indians, First Nations, Alaskan Natives, or Indigenous Peoples of America) are the indigenous inhabitants of The Americas prior to the European colonization, and their modern descendants. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... Slave redirects here. ... Suitor redirects here. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... Contents 1 Origins 2 Cumbia as a courtship ritual 3 Musical instruments 4 Cumbia in the American Continent 4.1 Colombia 4.2 Argentina 4.3 Chile 4.4 Mexico 4.5 Peru 4.6 United States 5 See also [edit] Origins Cumbia is a variant of the African Guinean cumbe music. Cumbia started in the northern region of Colombia, mainly in or around Cartagena during the period of Spanish colonization. Spain used its ports to import African slaves, who tried to preserve their musical traditions and also turned the drums and dances into a courtship ritual. Cumbia was mainly interpreted with just drums and claves. For other places with the same name, see Cartagena (disambiguation). ... The Spanish colonization of the Americas was Spains conquest, settlement, and rule over much of the western hemisphere from 1492-1898. ... Claves(pronounces Clar-vays) is a percussion instrument (idiophone), consisting of a pair of short (about 20-30 cm), thick dowels. ... The slaves were later influenced by the sounds of Amerindian instruments from the Koguis and Kuna tribes settled between the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and the Montes de María; like the millo flutes, gaita flutes, and güiros. Africans and Amerindians working together as slaves created a mixture from which the gaitero (cumbia interpreter) appeared, with a defined identity by the 1800s. (These gaiteros are not to be associated with the Venezuelan Zulian gaiteros.) The European guitars and accordions were added later, through Spanish influence. The Kogi or Kogui amerindian people live in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in Colombia. ... A Kuna woman stands next to a clothesline brandishing her Mola-adorned blouse - or dulemola - on the San Blas islands of Panama. ... The Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta is a mountain range in northern Colombia. ... The Montes de María (Spanish, Mountains of Mary) are a group of mountains of the northern coast of Colombia (the Caribbean Region), which do not belong to the Andes ranges, and the highlands around them. ... Zulia State Anthem Location within Venezuela Created (given current status) 1864 State capital Maracaibo Area 63,100 km² Population (2001 est. ... [edit] Cumbia as a courtship ritual The danced courtship ritual was rhythmically performed with music played by groups of men and women couples; women playfully waving with their long skirts and holding a candle, while the men danced behind the women, with one hand on his back and the other one holding his hat, putting it on and off and waving it. Men also carried a red type of handkerchief which they either wrapped around their necks, waved in circles in the air or handheld together with women. Until mid-20th century, cumbia was considered a vulgar dance, practiced only by the lower classes. Linen handkerchief A handkerchief or hanky is a square of fabric, usually carried in the pocket, for personal hygiene purposes such as wiping ones hands or blowing ones nose, but also used as a decorative accessory in a suit pocket. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... The term vulgar originally meant of the common people, from the Latin vulgus. ... A social class is, at its most basic, a group of people that have similar social status. ... [edit] Musical instruments Traditional instruments used in cumbia: Drums: Cumbia drums were of African origin and were brought along with slaves to the Americas by the Spanish conquerors. Africans used wood, ropes made out of sisal (Agave sisalana), and animal dry skins to make their drums. They either played the drum by hitting it with their hands or with sticks. Sometimes they wrapped the tip of the sticks with dry skin to prevent wearing off the drum. Cumbia interpreters produce variations of the sound emitted by the drum by hitting it on almost every area of the wooden base and dry skin. Claves: claves are a pair of hard thick sticks, usually used to set the beat through out the song. Binomial name Agave sisalana Perrine Sisal or sisal hemp is an agave Agave sisalana that yields a stiff fiber used in making rope. ... The term clave may refer to Clave, a rhythmic pattern Claves, a percussion instrument This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... [edit] Cumbia in the American Continent Cumbia has generally been enjoyed by the lower classes of the American continent due to its rather simple sound and lyrics. Due to the diversity in Latin America, the music has undergone changes as it mixed with the regional music styles. Therefore, there are several variations of the music. [edit] Colombia Today traditional cumbia is preserved and considered representative of the Colombian identity, but especially in the Northern Caribbean coast. It is also associated to Barranquilla's Carnival and the Vallenato Legend Festival. Modern forms of Cumbia are most widely accepted when fusioned with other genres such as vallenato or rock, as does Carlos Vives, for example. Barranquillas Carnaval (Spanish: Carnaval de Barranquilla) is a carnival with traditions that date back to the 19th century. ... Spanish: Festival de la Leyenda Vallenata The Festival de la Leyenda Vallenata is one of the most important music festivals in Colombia. ... Vallenato, along with cumbia, is the most popular folk music of Colombia. ... This article is about the genre. ... Carlos Vives (born 1961) is a Colombian singer and composer. ... [edit] Argentina Main article: Argentine cumbia The music tends to be appreciated more by the lower social classes, and is often scorned by the upper classes. In Argentina, for example, this social divide is exemplified by the cumbia villera phenomenon, that intends to represent and resonate with the poor and marginalized dwellers of villas miseria (shanty towns and slums), with lyrics glorifying theft and drug abuse, much like Northern American hip hop. However, it must be noted that a lighter form of cumbia enjoyed widespread popularity in Argentina during the 1990s (see Argentine cumbia).Yupper Argentine cumbia is an umbrella term that comprises several distinct trends within the same tradition: the dance and music style known as cumbia in Argentina. ... Cumbia villera (shantytown cumbia, ) is a typically Argentine form of cumbia music born in the villas miseria (shantytowns) around Buenos Aires and then popularized in other large urban settlements. ... Homes in a villa miseria in Rosario. ... Joe Slovo shanty town in Langa on the Cape Flats simmers after a fire (Cape Town, South Africa) Shanty town near Tijuana, Mexico. ... Slums in Delhi, India. ... A young waif steals a pair of boots Stealing redirects here. ... Comparison of the perceived harm for various psychoactive drugs from a poll among medical psychiatrists specialized in addiction treatment[1] This article is an overview of the nontherapeutic use of alcohol and drugs of abuse. ... Northern America is a name for the parts of North America besides Mexico when Mexico is considered as Latin America. ... Hip hop music is a style of music which came into existence in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s. ... Argentine cumbia is an umbrella term that comprises several distinct trends within the same tradition: the dance and music style known as cumbia in Argentina. ... [edit] Chile Popular with the lower social classes, it is often made fun of by the middle and upper classes. Nevertheless, it is widely danced at parties and gatherings. [edit] Mexico Main article: Mexican cumbia Cumbia music in Mexico is very diverse, there is a diversity of styles from the south to the north. Puebla City is the center of the Cumbia Sonidera, a rebirth of Mexican Indian tribal sounds with modern electronic textures and patterns. The emigration of Mexicans to the USA has also increased the music's popularity in the USA. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Puebla is the name of a city and a state in Mexico. ... More recently the term "cumbia" has taken on an even more diverse meaning as a radio format that emphasizes traditional popular and folk music.[citation needed] [edit] Peru Peruvian Cumbia Peruvian Cumbia is generally known as "Chicha." It is a subgenre of the Cumbia, and it is very popular with the lower social classes. The higher classes generally view the music with contempt but it is not very popular among them. Nevertheless, the popularity of the music has been increasing over the years. Some musical groups that play Chicha are: Agua Marina, Armonia 10, Agua Bella, etc. Caramelo caliente is the best Agua Bella is a female technocumbia music band from Peru. ... Tecnocumbia Starting in Peru and Bolivia, the style derived from the Andean "Chicha" and with the addition of synthesizers and other instruments of that ilk. Due to this technological changes to the music, it became known as the "tecnocumbia." The popularity of the tecnocumbia has been increasing over the years, and many countries such as Argentina, Mexico, and Chile have adapted it to their particular likings. The term synthesiser is also used to mean frequency synthesiser, an electronic system found in communications. ... [edit] United States Selena, The Kumbia Kings/Kumbia All Starz, etc. For the movie based on the life of the singer, see Selena (film). ... The Kumbia Kings are a Latin Grammy-winning group from Texas. ... The Kumbia Kings are a Latin group from Texas. ... [edit] See also Colombian music Vallenato Totó la Momposina Diana Mercado from Barranquilla, Colombia Objetivo Fama 5 Categories: Cumbia | Dances of Colombia | Latin American folk dances Hidden categories: Articles lacking sources from August 2007 | All articles lacking sources | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements since April 2008 Modern Colombian music is a mixture of African, native and European (especially Spanish) influences, as well as more modern American and Caribbean musical forms, such as Trinidadian, Cuban, and Jamaican. ... Vallenato, along with cumbia, is the most popular folk music of Colombia. ... Totó la Momposina, a Colombian who sings traditional Colombian songs mixing indigenous Colombian and Afro-Latin music. ...

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	Cumbia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (699 words) Cumbia is very popular, widely known in the Latin music mainstream (except Brazil); South America, as well as Central America and Mexico, with lots of regional variations and tendencies. Cumbia is the net intersection of two cultures that settled in the region of what is now northern Colombia at different times; the Amerindians and African slaves. Cumbia began as a courtship dance practiced among the slave population that was later mixed with the European instruments and influence. Mexican cumbia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (163 words) Mexican cumbia is the form of cumbia dance and music found in Mexico. Yet another style of cumbia popular around the central area is the Sonidero. Grupo Soñador and Celso Piña is a good example of that style of cumbia.
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