?Cupressus
Cupressus sempervirens foliage and cones
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Pinophyta Class: Pinopsida Order: Pinales Family: Cupressaceae Genus: Cupressus L.
Species
See text. Download high resolution version (418x630, 59 KB)Mediterranean Cypress foliage and cones - photo User:MPF File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Binomial name Cupressus sempervirens L. The Mediterranean Cypress Cupressus sempervirens is a species of cypress native to the eastern Mediterranean region, in northeast Libya, southeast Greece (Crete, Rhodes), southern Turkey, Cyprus, western Syria, Lebanon and western Jordan, and also a disjunct population in Iran. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms (as opposed to folk taxonomy). ... Divisions Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta - liverworts Anthocerotophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongues Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Gnetophyta - gnetae Magnoliophyta - flowering plants Adiantum pedatum (a fern... Orders & Families Cordaitales† Pinales   Pinaceae- Pine family   Araucariaceae- Araucaria family   Podocarpaceae- Yellow-wood family   Sciadopityaceae- Umbrella-pine family   Cupressaceae- Cypress family   Cephalotaxaceae- Plum-yew family   Taxaceae- Yew family Vojnovskyales† Voltziales† The conifers, division Pinophyta, are one of 13 or 14 division level taxa within the Kingdom Plantae. ... Orders & Families Cordaitales† Pinales   Pinaceae- Pine family   Araucariaceae- Araucaria family   Podocarpaceae- Yellow-wood family   Sciadopityaceae- Umbrella-pine family   Cupressaceae- Cypress family   Cephalotaxaceae- Plum-yew family   Taxaceae- Yew family Vojnovskyales† Voltziales† The conifers, division Pinophyta, are one of 13 or 14 division level taxa within the Kingdom Plantae. ... Families Pinaceae, pine family Araucariaceae, araucaria family Podocarpaceae, yellow-wood family Phyllocladaceae Sciadopityaceae, umbrella-pine family Cupressaceae, cypress family Cephalotaxaceae, plum-yew family Taxaceae, yew family The Order Pinales in the Division Pinophyta, Class Pinopsida comprises all the extant conifers. ... Genera Actinostrobus Athrotaxis Austrocedrus Callitris - Cypress-pine Callitropsis - Cypress * (Cupressus) Calocedrus - Incense-cedar Chamaecyparis - Cypress Cryptomeria - Sugi Cunninghamia - Cunninghamia Cupressus - Cypress Diselma - Diselma Fitzroya - Alerce Fokienia - Fujian Cypress Glyptostrobus - Chinese Swamp Cypress Juniperus - Juniper Libocedrus Metasequoia - Dawn Redwood Microbiota - Microbiota Neocallitropsis Papuacedrus * (Libocedrus) Pilgerodendron * (Libocedrus) Platycladus - Chinese Arborvitae Sequoia - Coast... Carolus Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as , (May 23, 1707 – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[1] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ...

The genus Cupressus is one of several genera within the family Cupressaceae that have the common name cypress; for the others, see cypress (disambiguation). In biology, a genus (plural genera) is a taxonomic grouping. ... In biological classification, family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is 1) a rank or 2) a taxon in that rank. ... Genera Actinostrobus Athrotaxis Austrocedrus Callitris - Cypress-pine Callitropsis - Cypress * (Cupressus) Calocedrus - Incense-cedar Chamaecyparis - Cypress Cryptomeria - Sugi Cunninghamia - Cunninghamia Cupressus - Cypress Diselma - Diselma Fitzroya - Alerce Fokienia - Fujian Cypress Glyptostrobus - Chinese Swamp Cypress Juniperus - Juniper Libocedrus Metasequoia - Dawn Redwood Microbiota - Microbiota Neocallitropsis Papuacedrus * (Libocedrus) Pilgerodendron * (Libocedrus) Platycladus - Chinese Arborvitae Sequoia - Coast... Cypress is the name applied to many plants in the conifer family Cupressaceae (cypress family). ...

As currently treated, these cypresses are native to scattered localities in mainly warm temperate regions in the northern hemisphere, including western North America, Central America, north-west Africa, the Middle East, the Himalaya, southern China and north Vietnam. They are evergreen trees or large shrubs, growing to 5-40 m tall. The leaves are scale-like, 2-6 mm long, arranged in opposite decussate pairs, and persist for 3-5 years. On young plants up to 1-2 years old, the leaves are needle-like, 5-15 mm long. The cones are 8-40 mm long, globose or ovoid with 4-14 scales arranged in opposite decussate pairs; they are mature in 18-24 months from pollination. The seeds are small, 4-7 mm long, with two narrow wings, one along each side of the seed. World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... Map of Central America Central America is a central region of the Americas. ... Africa is the worlds second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ... Perspective view of the Himalaya and Mount Everest as seen from space looking south-south-east from over the Tibetan Plateau. ... A Silver Fir shoot showing three successive years of retained leaves In botany, an evergreen plant is a plant which retains its leaves year-round, with each leaf persisting for more than 12 months. ... The coniferous Coast Redwood, the tallest tree species on earth. ... A broom shrub in flower A shrub or bush is a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category of woody plant, distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and lower height, usually less than 6 m tall. ... The leaves of a Beech tree A leaf with laminar structure and pinnate venation In botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized for photosynthesis. ... A cone (in formal botanical usage: strobilus, plural strobili) is an organ on plants in the division Pinophyta (conifers) that contains the reproductive structures. ... A flower-fly pollinating a Common Daisy (Bellis perennis) Pollination is an important step in the reproduction of seed plants: the transfer of pollen grains (male gametes) to the plant carpel, the structure that contains the ovule (female gamete). ... A ripe red jalapeno cut open to show the seeds For other uses, see Seed (disambiguation). ...

Many of the species are adapted to forest fires, holding their seeds for many years in closed cones until the parent trees are killed by a fire; the seeds are then released to colonise the bare, burnt ground. In other species, the cones open at maturity to release the seeds. The Old Fire burning in the San Bernardino Mountains (image taken from the International Space Station) A wildfire, also known as a forest fire, vegetation fire, grass fire, brush fire, bushfire (in Australasia), or hill fire, is an uncontrolled fire often occurring in wildland areas, but which can also consume...

Many species are grown as decorative trees in parks and, in Asia, around temples; in some areas, the native distribution is hard to discern due to extensive cultivation. A few species are grown for their timber, which can be very durable. The fast-growing hybrid Leyland Cypress, much used in gardens, draws one of its parents from this genus (Monterey Cypress C. macrocarpa); the other parent, Nootka Cypress, is also sometimes classified in this genus, or else in the separate genus Callitropsis, but in the past more usually in Chamaecyparis. The cypress is a common tree/shrub in household and public gardens in India (called locally Hindi: मोरपंखी, lit., peacock-feathered). World map showing the location of Asia. ... The Angkor Wat Hindu temple in Cambodia is the largest in the world. ... Species Cupressus × leylandii also: Cupressus × notabilis Cupressus × ovensii The Leyland Cypress, Cupressus × leylandii, is often referred to as just Leylandii. ... A garden is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the display, cultivation, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature. ... Binomial name Cupressus macrocarpa Hartw. ... Binomial name Callitropsis nootkatensis (D.Don) Örsted Nootka Cypress (Callitropsis nootkatensis), formerly Cupressus nootkatensis, Xanthocyparis nootkatensis or Chamaecyparis nootkatensis, is a cypress (Cupressaceae) with a chequered taxonomic and nomenclatural history. ... Species - Nootka Cypress - Vietnamese Golden Cypress Callitropsis, also known as Xanthocyparis, is a genus of cypress tree in the family Cupressaceae. ... Species Chamaecyparis formosensis Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Chamaecyparis obtusa Chamaecyparis pisifera Chamaecyparis taiwanensis Chamaecyparis thyoides The genus Chamaecyparis is one of several genera within the family Cupressaceae that have the common name cypress; for the others, see cypress (disambiguation). ... Hindi (हिन्दी) is a language spoken mainly in North and Central India. ...

Species

The number of species recognised within this genus varies sharply, from 16 to 25 or more according to the authority followed. This is because most populations are small and isolated, and it is difficult to be sure whether they should be accorded specific, subspecific or varietal rank. Current tendencies are to reduce the number of recognised species; when a narrow species concept is adopted, the varieties indented in the list below may also be accepted as distinct species. See also the New World species (below) for a likely split in the genus in the future. In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biodiversity. ... In zoology, as in other branches of biology, subspecies is the rank immediately subordinate to a species. ... In botanical nomenclature, variety is a rank below that of species: As such, it gets a ternary name (a name in three parts). ...

Old World species

The Old World cypresses tend to have cones with more scales (8-14 scales, rarely 6 in C. funebris), each scale with a short broad ridge, not a spike. Cupressus sempervirens is the type species of the genus, defining the name Cupressus.

• Cupressus cashmeriana (Bhutan Cypress) - Conservation status: Vulnerable
• Cupressus chengiana (Cheng's Cypress) - Conservation status: Vulnerable
• Cupressus duclouxiana (Yunnan Cypress) - Conservation status: Data deficient
• Cupressus dupreziana (Saharan Cypress)
• Cupressus atlantica (C. dupreziana var. atlantica; Moroccan Cypress)
• Cupressus funebris (Weeping Cypress) - Conservation status: Secure
• Cupressus gigantea (Tibetan Cypress) - Conservation status: Vulnerable
• Cupressus sempervirens (Mediterranean Cypress)
• Cupressus torulosa (Himalayan Cypress) - Conservation status: Lower risk is the official National tree of Bhutan, which is often associated with religious places. The Bhutanese national identity and cultural heritage with it is straight and strong and can grow in inhospitable soil.

The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive. ... Binomial name Cupressus dupreziana A. Camus Cupressus dupreziana, the Saharan Cypress, is a very rare coniferous tree native to the Tassili nAjjer mountains in the central Sahara Desert, southeast Algeria, where it forms a unique population of trees hundreds of kilometres from any other trees. ... Binomial name Cupressus atlantica Gaussen Cupressus atlantica, the Moroccan Cypress, is a rare coniferous tree endemic to the valley of the Oued-n-Fis river in the High Atlas Mountains south of Marrakech in western Morocco. ... Binomial name Cupressus funebris Endl. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive. ... Binomial name Cupressus sempervirens L. Cupressus sempervirens, the Mediterranean Cypress, is a species of cypress native to the eastern Mediterranean region, in northeast Libya, southeast Greece (Crete, Rhodes), southern Turkey, Cyprus, western Syria, Lebanon and western Jordan, and also a disjunct population in Iran. ... -1... For publications of this name, see also Nation (disambiguation) A nation is a community of people who live together in an area (or, more broadly, of their descendants who may now be dispersed); and who regard themselves, or are regarded by others, as sharing some common identity, to which certain... Cultural heritage (often just termed heritage) consists of a nations historic buildings, collections, monuments, etc. ...

New World species

Cupressus lusitanica foliage and cones

The New World cypresses tend to have cones with fewer scales (4-8 scales, rarely more in C. macrocarpa), each scale with an often prominent narrow spike. Very recent genetic evidence (Little et al., November 2004) shows that they are less closely related to the Old World cypresses than previously thought, being more closely related to Callitropsis and Juniperus than to the rest of Cupressus. A change in generic classification for these species is therefore likely in the near future, either to Callitropsis or to a new genus. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 258 KB) Cupressus lusitanica - photo MPF Cultivated at Kyloe Woods, Northumberland, UK, from Mexican seed received under the synonym Cupressus lindleyi. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 258 KB) Cupressus lusitanica - photo MPF Cultivated at Kyloe Woods, Northumberland, UK, from Mexican seed received under the synonym Cupressus lindleyi. ... Species - Nootka Cypress - Vietnamese Golden Cypress Callitropsis, also known as Xanthocyparis, is a genus of cypress tree in the family Cupressaceae. ... Species Junipers are coniferous plants in the genus Juniperus of the cypress family Cupressaceae. ...

• Cupressus arizonica (Arizona Cypress)
  • Cupressus arizonica var. glabra (C. glabra; Smooth Arizona Cypress)
  • Cupressus arizonica var. montana (C. montana; San Pedro Martir Cypress)
  • Cupressus arizonica var. nevadensis (C. nevadensis; Piute Cypress)
  • Cupressus arizonica var. stephensonii (C. stephensonii; Cuyamaca Cypress)
• Cupressus bakeri (Modoc Cypress)
• Cupressus goveniana (Gowen Cypress)
  • Cupressus goveniana var. pygmaea (C. pygmaea; Mendocino Cypress)
  • Cupressus goveniana var. abramsiana (C. abramsiana; Santa Cruz Cypress)
• Cupressus guadalupensis (Guadalupe Cypress)
  • Cupressus guadalupensis var. forbesii (C. forbesii; Tecate Cypress
• Cupressus lusitanica (Mexican Cypress) - Conservation status: Secure
  • Cupressus lusitanica var. benthamii (C. benthamii; Bentham's Cypress) - Conservation status: Lower risk
• Cupressus macnabiana (Macnab Cypress) - Conservation status: Secure
• Cupressus macrocarpa (Monterey Cypress)
• Cupressus sargentii (Sargent Cypress) - Conservation status: Secure

• Callitropsis nootkatensis (Nootka Cypress) is also sometimes treated as Cupressus nootkatensis

Binomial name Cupressus arizonica Greene Cupressus arizonica, the Arizona Cypress, is a species of cypress native to the southwest of North America, in the United States in Arizona, southwest New Mexico, southern California, and the Chisos Mountains of west Texas, and in Mexico in Coahuila, Chihuahua, Durango, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas and... Binomial name Cupressus bakeri Jeps. ... Binomial name Cupressus goveniana Gordon Cupressus goveniana is a species of cypress endemic to coastal California in the United States, where it is found in small, scattered populations, not in large forests. ... Binomial name Cupressus guadalupensis S.Watson Cupressus guadalupensis is a species of cypress native to Guadalupe Island off Baja California, Mexico, and scattered north to southernmost California in the United States; it is always found in small, scattered populations. ... Binomial name Cupressus lusitanica Mill. ... Binomial name Cupressus macrocarpa Hartw. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive. ... Binomial name Callitropsis nootkatensis (D.Don) Örsted Nootka Cypress (Callitropsis nootkatensis), formerly Cupressus nootkatensis, Xanthocyparis nootkatensis or Chamaecyparis nootkatensis, is a cypress (Cupressaceae) with a chequered taxonomic and nomenclatural history. ...

References

• Little, D. P., Schwarzbach, A. E., Adams, R. P. & Hsieh, Chang-Fu. 2004. The circumscription and phylogenetic relationships of Callitropsis and the newly described genus Xanthocyparis (Cupressaceae). American Journal of Botany 91 (11): 1872–1881. Abstract