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Cybercrime is a term used broadly to describe activity in which computers or networks are a tool, a target, or a place of criminal activity. These categories are not exclusive and many activities can be characterized as falling in one or more categories. The tower of a personal computer. ...
Computer networks redirects here. ...
Overview
Although the term cybercrime is usually restricted to describing criminal activity in which the computer or network is an essential part of the crime, this term is also used to include traditional crimes in which computers or networks are used to enable the illicit activity. - Examples of cybercrime in which the computer or network is a tool of the criminal activity include spamming and certain intellectual property and criminal copyright crimes, particularly those facilitated through peer-to-peer networks.
- Examples of cybercrime in which the computer or network is a target of criminal activity include unauthorized access (i.e, defeating access controls), malicious code, and denial-of-service attacks.
- Examples of cybercrime in which the computer or network is a place of criminal activity include theft of service (in particular, telecom fraud) and certain financial frauds.
- Finally, examples of traditional crimes facilitated through the use of computers or networks include Nigerian 419 or other gullibility or social engineering frauds (e.g., "phishing"), identity theft, child pornography, online gambling, securities fraud, etc. Cyberstalking is an example of a traditional crime -- harassment -- that has taken a new form when facilitated through computer networks.
Additionally, certain other information crimes, including trade secret theft and industrial or economic espionage, are sometimes considered cybercrimes when computers or networks are involved. A KMail folder full of spam emails collected over a few days. ...
For the 2006 film, see Intellectual Property (film). ...
Articles with similar titles include copywrite. ...
A peer-to-peer (or P2P) computer network is a network that relies on the computing power and bandwidth of the participants in the network rather than concentrating it in a relatively few servers. ...
In security, specifically physical security, the term access control refers to the practice of restricting entrance to a property, a building, or a room to authorized persons. ...
Malware or malicious software is software designed to infiltrate or damage a computer system without the owners informed consent. ...
A denial-of-service attack (also, DoS attack) is an attack on a computer system or network that causes a loss of service to users, typically the loss of network connectivity and services by consuming the bandwidth of the victim network or overloading the computational resources of the victim system. ...
Phreaking is a slang term coined to describe the activity of a subculture of people who study, experiment with, or explore telephone systems, the equipment of telephone companies, and systems connected to public telephone networks. ...
Social engineering has several meanings: Social engineering (political science) Social engineering (computer security) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
This phishing attempt, disguised as an official email from a (fictional) bank, attempts to trick the banks members into giving away their account information by confirming it at the phishers linked website. ...
Identity taker is a term first appearing in U.S. literature in the 1990s, leading to the drafting of the Identity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act. ...
This article does not cite its references or sources. ...
Online gambling is a general term for gambling using the Internet. ...
Civil securities fraud is a form of white collar crime which has been increasing on the rise as the Internet and the World Wide Web have brought white collar criminals and their victims closer together, resulting in an upsurge in global economic crime. ...
Cyberstalking is the use of the Internet or other electronic means to stalk someone. ...
A trade secret is a formula, practice, process, design, instrument, pattern, or compilation of information used by a business to obtain an advantage over competitors within the same industry or profession. ...
The Economic Espionage Act of 1996 (18 U.S.C. §§ 1831-1839) makes the theft or misappropriation of a trade secret a federal crime. ...
Cybercrime in the context of national security may involve hacktivism (online activity intended to influence policy), traditional espionage, or information warfare and related activities. Hacktivism (from hack and activism) is often understood as the writing of code, or otherwise manipulating bits, to promote political ideology - promoting expressive politics, free speech, human rights, or information ethics. ...
Spy and Secret agent redirect here. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
Another way to define cybercrime is simply as criminal activity involving the information technology infrastructure, including illegal access (unauthorized access), illegal interception (by technical means of non-public transmissions of computer data to, from or within a computer system), data interference (unauthorized damaging, deletion, deterioration, alteration or suppression of computer data), systems interference (interfering with the functioning of a computer system by inputting, transmitting, damaging, deleting, deteriorating, altering or suppressing computer data), misuse of devices, forgery (ID theft), and electronic fraud.
Applicable laws
United States - ACCESS DEVICE FRAUD. 18 U.S.C. § 1029. Fraud and related activity in connection with access devices.
- COMPUTER FRAUD AND ABUSE ACT. 18 U.S.C. § 1030. Fraud and related activity in connection with computers.
- CAN-SPAM ACT. 18 U.S.C. § 1037. Fraud and related activity in connection with electronic mail.
- EXTORTION AND THREATS. 18 U.S.C. § 875. EXTORTION and THREATS. Interstate communications.
- IDENTITY THEFT AND ASSUMPTION DETERRENCE ACT of 1998. 18 U.S.C. § 1028. Fraud and related activity in connection with identification documents, authentication features, and information.
- No Electronic Theft ("NET") Act. 17 U.S.C. § 506. Criminal Offenses. (criminal copyright infringement)
- Electronic Communications Privacy Act, 18 U.S.C. § 2701, et seq. (STORED WIRE AND ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS AND TRANSACTIONAL RECORDS ACCESS)
United Kingdom The Computer Misuse Act 1990 is an Act of the UK Parliament. ...
This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ...
Australia
Others The Convention on Cybercrime is the first international treaty seeking to address Internet crimes by harmonizing national laws, improving investigative techniques and increasing cooperation among nations. ...
Academic resources
Government resources - Cybercrime.gov US Department of Justice CCIPS
- US CERT United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team (US-CERT)
- FBI Cyber Investigations Home Page
- US Secret Service Computer Fraud
- On Guard OnGuardOnline.gov provides practical tips from the federal government and the technology industry to help you be on guard against Internet fraud, secure your computer, and protect your personal information.
- ID Theft one-stop national resource to learn about the crime of identity theft
- FindLaw Computer Crime
- RCMP Computer Crime Prevention Royal Canadian Mounted Police
Commercial resources - Annual e-Crime Conference : International Conference for Public & Private Security Specialists
Further reading Wikibooks has a book on the topic of Legal and Regulatory Issues in the Information Economy - The evolution of cybercrime from past to the present
- CNET - Cybercrime and Punishment
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