NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Cyrus Vance

Cyrus Roberts Vance (Clarksburg, West Virginia, March 27, 1917 – January 12, 2002) was the United States Secretary of State under President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1980. He approached foreign policy with an emphasis on negotiation over conflict and a special interest in arms reduction. In April of 1980, Vance resigned in protest of Operation Eagle Claw, the secret mission to rescue American hostages in Iran. He was succeeded by Edmund Muskie. Public domain photograph of U.S. Sec. ... Seal of the United States Department of State. ... January 23 is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ... April 28 is the 118th day of the year (119th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 247 days remaining. ... 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ... Henry Alfred Kissinger (born Heinz Alfred Kissinger on May 27, 1923 in FÃ¼rth) is a German-born American diplomat, and 1973 Nobel Peace Prize laureate. ... Edmund Muskie (March 28, 1914 â€“ March 26, 1996) was an American Democratic politician from Maine. ... March 27 is the 86th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (87th in leap years). ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... Clarksburg is a city located in Harrison County, West Virginia. ... January 12 is the 12th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... New York, New York redirects here. ... This article does not adequately cite its references. ... English barrister 16th century painting of a civil law notary, by Flemish painter Quentin Massys. ... Clarksburg is a city located in Harrison County, West Virginia. ... March 27 is the 86th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (87th in leap years). ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... January 12 is the 12th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... Seal of the United States Department of State. ... James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ... Combatants United States Iran Commanders Col. ... This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ... Edmund Muskie (March 28, 1914 â€“ March 26, 1996) was an American Democratic politician from Maine. ...

Vance was the nephew (and adoptive son) of 1924 Democratic Presidential Candidate and noted lawyer John W. Davis. John W. Davis John William Davis (April 13, 1873 â€” March 24, 1955) was an American politician and lawyer. ...

Military and legal career

Vance graduated from Kent School in 1935 and received a bachelor's degree in 1939 from Yale University, where he was a member of the secret society, Scroll and Key. After graduating from Yale Law School in 1942, Vance served in the Navy as a gunnery officer on the destroyer USS Hale until 1946 and then joined the law firm Simpson Thacher & Bartlett in New York City before entering entering government service. Kent School is an independent (private) co-ed prep school in Kent, Connecticut, USA. Currently situated between the Appalachian Trail and the Housatonic River, it was established in 1906 by The Reverend Frederick Herbert Sill. ... A bachelors degree (Artium Baccalaureus, A.B. or B.A.) is usually an undergraduate academic degree awarded for a course or major that generally lasts for three, four, or in some cases and countries, five or six years. ... â€œYaleâ€ redirects here. ... The Scroll and Key Society is a secret society established by John Addison Porter and others at Yale University in 1842. ... The Sterling Law Building Sculptural ornamentation on the Sterling Law Building Yale Law School, or YLS, is the law school of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. ... USS McFaul (DDG-74) In naval terminology, a destroyer is a fast and maneuverable yet long-endurance warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet or battle group and defend them against smaller, short-range but powerful attackers (originally torpedo boats, later submarines and aircraft). ... USS Hale (DD-642), a Fletcher-class destroyer, was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for Maine Senator Eugene Hale (1836–1918). ... Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP is one of the largest, oldest, and most prestigious law firms in New York. ...

Political career

Vance was the Secretary of the Army in the Kennedy administration. He worked on sending United States Army units into Northern Mississippi in 1962 to protect James Meredith and put down the resistance to the court ordered integration of the University of Mississippi. As Deputy Secretary of Defense under President Lyndon Johnson, he at first supported the Vietnam War but changed his views by the late 1960s, advising the president to pull out of South Vietnam. In 1968 he served as a delegate to peace talks in Paris. He received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1969. Flag of the United States Secretary of the Army The United States Secretary of the Army has statutory responsibility for all matters relating to the United States Army: manpower, personnel, reserve affairs, installations, environmental issues, weapons systems and equipment acquisition, communications, and financial management. ... JFK redirects here. ... Meredith walking to class accompanied by U.S. marshals James Howard Meredith (born June 25, 1933) is an American civil rights movement figure, although he vocally prefers not to be regarded as such. ... The University of Mississippi, also known as Ole Miss, is a public, coeducational research university located in Oxford, Mississippi. ... The United States Deputy Secretary of Defense is the second-highest ranking official in the United States Department of Defense. ... Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908–January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was an American politician. ... Combatants Republic of Vietnam United States Republic of Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand The Philippines National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam Peopleâ€™s Republic of China Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea Strength US 1,000,000 South Korea 300,000 Australia 48,000... The Presidential Medal of Freedom The Presidential Medal of Freedom is one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States and is bestowed by the President of the United States (the other major civilian award which is considered its equivalent is the Congressional Gold Medal of Honor, which...

As Secretary of State in the Carter administration, Vance pushed for negotiations and economic ties with the Soviet Union and clashed frequently with the more hawkish National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski. Vance tried to advance arms limitations by working on the SALT II agreement with Russia, which he saw as the central diplomatic issue of the time. He was heavily instrumental in Carter's decision to return the Canal Zone to Panama and in the Camp David Accords agreement between Israel and Egypt. In several countries, Secretary of State is a senior government position. ... James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ... The Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, commonly referred to as the National Security Advisor, serves as the chief advisor to the President of the United States on national security issues. ... Zbigniew Kazimierz Brzezinski (born March 28, 1928, Warsaw, Poland) is a Polish-American political scientist, geostrategist, and statesman. ... nSALT II was a second round of the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks from 1972-1979 between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which sought to curtail the manufacture of strategic nuclear weapons. ... Two Panamax running the Miraflores Locks The Panama Canal (Spanish: ) is a major ship canal that traverses the Isthmus of Panama in Central America, connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. ... Celebrating the signing of the Camp David Accords (1978): Menachem Begin, Jimmy Carter, Anwar Sadat The Camp David Accords were signed by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin on September 17, 1978, following twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David. ...

After the Accords, Vance's influence in the administration began to wane as Brzezinski's rose. His role in talks with People's Republic of China was marginalized and his advice for a response to the Shah of Iran's collapsing regime was ignored. Shortly thereafter, when fifty-three American hostages were held in Iran, he worked actively in negotiations but to no avail. Finally, when Carter ordered a secret military rescue, Operation Eagle Claw, Vance resigned in opposition. The rescue attempt failed. The Iranian Shah meeting with Alfred Atherton, William Sullivan, Cyrus Vance, President Carter, and Zbigniew Brzezinski, 1997. ... The Iranian Shah meeting with Alfred Atherton, William Sullivan, Cyrus Vance, President Carter, and Zbigniew Brzezinski, 1997. ... Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran (Persian: â€Ž Moá¸¥ammad RezÌ¤Ä PahlavÄ«) (October 26, 1919, Tehran â€“ July 27, 1980, Cairo), styled His Imperial Majesty, and holding the imperial titles of ShÄhanshÄh (King of Kings), and Aryamehr (Light of the Aryans), was the monarchial ruler of Iran from September 16... The Iranian Shah meeting with Alfred Atherton, William Sullivan, Cyrus Vance, President Carter, and Zbigniew Brzezinski, 1979. ... James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ... Zbigniew Kazimierz Brzezinski (born March 28, 1928, Warsaw, Poland) is a Polish-American political scientist, geostrategist, and statesman. ... For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ... One of the worlds longest-lasting monarchies, the Iranian monarchy went through many transformations over the centuries, from the days of Persia to the creation of what is now modern day Iran. ... Combatants United States Iran Commanders Col. ...

Later life and death

Vance returned to his law practice at Simpson Thacher & Bartlett in 1980, but was repeatedly called back to public service throughout the 1980s and 1990s, participating in diplomatic missions to Bosnia, Croatia, and South Africa. Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP is one of the largest, oldest, and most prestigious law firms in New York. ...

In 1993, he was awarded the United States Military Academy's Sylvanus Thayer Award. Category: ... The Sylvanus Thayer Award is a military award that is given each year by the United States Military Academy at West Point. ...

Vance also was a member of the Trilateral Commission. The Trilateral Commission is a private organization, founded in 1973 at the initiative of the heads of the Council of Foreign Relations and of the Bilderberg Group, among them David Rockefeller, Henry Kissinger and Zbigniew Brzezinski. ...

External links

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United States Secretaries of State

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This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ... Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908–January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was an American politician. ... Stephen Ailes Stephen Ailes (born May 25, 1912) is a U.S. administrator. ... Henry Alfred Kissinger (born Heinz Alfred Kissinger on May 27, 1923 in FÃ¼rth) is a German-born American diplomat, and 1973 Nobel Peace Prize laureate. ... Seal of the United States Department of State. ... James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ... Edmund Muskie (March 28, 1914 â€“ March 26, 1996) was an American Democratic politician from Maine. ... Seal of the United States Department of State. ... Thomas Jefferson (13 April 1743 N.S.â€“4 July 1826) was the third President of the United States (1801â€“09), the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and one of the most influential Founding Fathers for his promotion of the ideals of Republicanism in the United States. ... Edmund Jennings Randolph (August 10, 1753 â€“ September 12, 1813) was an American attorney, Governor of Virginia, Secretary of State, and the first United States Attorney General. ... Portrait of U.S. Secretary of State Timothy Pickering Timothy Pickering (July 17, 1745 â€“ January 29, 1829) was the third United States Secretary of State, serving in that office from 1795 to 1800 under Presidents George Washington and John Adams. ... John Marshall (September 24, 1755 â€“ July 6, 1835) was an American statesman and jurist who shaped American constitutional law and made the Supreme Court a center of power. ... James Madison (March 16, 1751 â€“ June 28, 1836), an American politician and fourth President of the United States of America (1809â€“1817), was one of the most influential Founders of the United States. ... Robert Smith (November 3, 1757 â€“ November 26, 1842) was the second United States Secretary of the Navy from 1801 to 1809 and the sixth United States Secretary of State from 1809 to 1811. ... James Monroe (April 28, 1758 â€“ July 4, 1831) was the fifth President of the United States (1817-1825), and the fourth Virginian to hold the office. ... John Quincy Adams (July 11, 1767 â€“ February 23, 1848) was a diplomat, politician, and President of the United States (March 4, 1825 â€“ March 4, 1829). ... Henry Clay, Sr. ... Martin Van Buren (December 5, 1782 â€“ July 24, 1862), nicknamed Old Kinderhook, was the 8th President of the United States from 1837 to 1841. ... Edward Livingston (May 26, 1764–May 23, 1836) was a prominent American jurist and statesman. ... Louis McLane Louis McLane (May 28, 1786–October 7, 1857) represented the state of Delaware in both the United States House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate and served as the Secretary of the Treasury and later the Secretary of State under President Andrew Jackson. ... Portait of U.S. Secretary of State John Forsyth John Forsyth (October 22, 1780 â€“ October 21, 1841) was a 19th century American politician from Georgia. ... Daniel Webster (January 18, 1782 â€“ October 24, 1852) was a leading American statesman during the nations antebellum era. ... Portrait of U.S. Secretary of State Abel P. Upshur Abel Parker Upshur (June 17, 1790â€“February 28, 1844) was an American lawyer and statesman. ... John Caldwell Calhoun (March 18, 1782 â€“ March 31, 1850) was a leading United States Southern politician and political philosopher from South Carolina during the first half of the 19th century, best known as a spokesman for slavery, nullification and the rights of electoral minorities, such as slave-holders. ... James Buchanan (April 23, 1791 â€“ June 1, 1868) was the 15th president of the United States (1857â€“1861). ... John Middleton Clayton (July 24, 1796–November 9, 1856) was an American statesman from Delaware who served as a U.S. Senator and as the U.S. Secretary of State from 1849 to 1850. ... Daniel Webster (January 18, 1782 â€“ October 24, 1852) was a leading American statesman during the nations antebellum era. ... Edward Everett (April 11, 1794 â€“ January 15, 1865) was a Whig Party politician from Massachusetts. ... William Learned Marcy ( December 12, 1786– July 4, 1857) was an American statesman. ... Lewis Cass (October 9, 1782 â€“ June 17, 1866) was an American military officer and politician. ... Jeremiah Sullivan Black (January 10, 1810–August 19, 1883) was an American statesman and lawyer. ... William Henry Seward, Sr. ... Elihu Benjamin Washburne (September 23, 1816â€“October 22/23, 1887) was one of seven brothers that played a prominent role early in the formation of the United States Republican Party and the Lincoln and Grant administrations. ... Hamilton Fish Hamilton Fish, (3 August 1808â€“7 September 1893), born in New York City, was an American statesman who served as Governor of New York, United States Senator and United States Secretary of State. ... Photograph of U.S. Secretary of State William M. Evarts William Maxwell Evarts (February 6, 1818–February 28, 1901) was an American lawyer and statesman. ... James G. Blaine James Gillespie Blaine (January 31, 1830 â€“ January 27, 1893) was a U.S. Representative, U.S. Senator from Maine and a two-time United States Secretary of State. ... Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen (August 4, 1817â€“May 20, 1885) was a member of the United States Senate from New Jersey and a United States Secretary of State. ... Thomas Francis Bayard, Sr. ... James G. Blaine James Gillespie Blaine (January 31, 1830 â€“ January 27, 1893) was a U.S. Representative, U.S. Senator from Maine and a two-time United States Secretary of State. ... Portrait of U.S. Secretary of State John W. Foster John Watson Foster (March 2, 1836 â€“ November 15, 1917) was an American military man, journalist and diplomat. ... Walter Quintin Gresham (March 17, 1832–May 28, 1895) was an American statesman and jurist. ... Richard Olney (September 15, 1835â€“April 8, 1917) was an American statesman. ... John Sherman John Sherman (May 10, 1823â€“October 22, 1900) was a Senator from Ohio and a member of the United States Cabinet. ... Categories: People stubs | U.S. Supreme Court justices | Judges of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit | U.S. Secretaries of State | Spanish-American War people | American lawyers | 1849 births | 1923 deaths ... John Milton Hay (October 8, 1838 â€“ July 1, 1905) was an American statesman, diplomat, author, journalist, and private secretary and assistant to Abraham Lincoln. ... Elihu Root Elihu Root (February 15, 1845 â€“ February 7, 1937) was an American lawyer and statesman, the son of Oren Root and Nancy Whitney Buttrick. ... Categories: Stub | 1860 births | 1919 deaths | U.S. Secretaries of State ... Philander C. Knox Philander Chase Knox (May 6, 1853â€“October 12, 1921) was an American lawyer and politician who served as Attorney General and U.S. Senator and was Secretary of State from 1909-1913. ... William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 â€“ July 26, 1925) was an American lawyer, statesman, and politician. ... This article is about the former Secretary of State. ... Categories: Stub | 1869 births | 1950 deaths | U.S. Secretaries of State ... Charles Evans Hughes (April 11, 1862 â€“ August 27, 1948) was Governor of New York, United States Secretary of State, Associate Justice and Chief Justice of the United States. ... Frank Billings Kellogg (December 22, 1856 â€“ December 21, 1937) was an American politician and statesman. ... Henry L. Stimson Henry Lewis Stimson (September 21, 1867 â€“ October 20, 1950) was an American statesman, who served as Secretary of War, Governor-General of the Philippines, and Secretary of State at various times. ... Cordell Hull (October 2, 1871â€“July 23, 1955) was an American politician from the State of Tennessee. ... Portrait of U.S. Secretary of State Edward R. Stettinius, Jr. ... James Francis Byrnes (May 2, 1879 â€“ April 9, 1972) was an American politician from the state of South Carolina. ... For other persons named George Marshall, see George Marshall (disambiguation). ... Dean Acheson Dean Gooderham Acheson (April 11, 1893 â€“ October 12, 1971) was an American statesman and lawyer; as United States Secretary of State in the late 1940s he played the central role in defining American foreign policy for the Cold War. ... John Foster Dulles (February 25, 1888 â€“ May 24, 1959) was an American statesman who served as Secretary of State under President Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1953 to 1959. ... For the American physician (1865â€“1910), see Christian Archibald Herter (physician). ... David Dean Rusk (February 9, 1909 â€“ December 20, 1994) was the United States Secretary of State from 1961 to 1969 under presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. ... William Pierce Rogers (June 23, 1913 â€“ January 2, 2001) was an American politician, who served as a Cabinet officer in the administrations of two U.S. Presidents in the third quarter of the 20th century. ... Henry Alfred Kissinger (born Heinz Alfred Kissinger on May 27, 1923 in FÃ¼rth) is a German-born American diplomat, and 1973 Nobel Peace Prize laureate. ... Edmund Muskie (March 28, 1914 â€“ March 26, 1996) was an American Democratic politician from Maine. ... For other persons named Alexander Haig, see Alexander Haig (disambiguation). ... Shultz in his official D.O.L. portrait. ... James Addison Baker III (born 28 April 1930 in Houston, Texas) served as the Chief of Staff in President Ronald Reagans first administration, United States Secretary of the Treasury from 1985 to 1988 in the second Reagan administration, and Secretary of State in the administration of President George H... Lawrence Sidney Eagleburger (born August 1, 1930), is an American statesman and diplomat who served as The United States Secretary of State under President George H. W. Bush. ... Warren Minor Christopher (born October 27, 1925) is an American diplomat and lawyer. ... Madeleine Korbel Albright (born Marie Jana KorbelovÃ¡, IPA: , on May 15, 1937) was the first woman to become United States Secretary of State. ... General Colin Luther Powell, United States Army (Ret. ... Condoleezza Rice (born November 14, 1954) is the 66th United States Secretary of State, and the second in the administration of President George W. Bush to hold the office. ...

Seal of the United States Department of State. ...

Contents

Military and legal career GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Political career

Later life and death

External links

Military and legal career