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Hello this is a Message to Dad Quit Reading this stuff :) . Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1086, 286 KB) A cystoscope in an operating theatre, prior to a cystoscopy. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1086, 286 KB) A cystoscope in an operating theatre, prior to a cystoscopy. ...
An operating theatre or operating room is a room within a hospital within which surgical operations are carried out. ...
Endoscopy of the urinary bladder via the urethra is called cystoscopy. Diagnostic cystoscopy is usually carried out with local anaesthesia. General anaesthesia is sometimes used for operative cystoscopic procedures. Endoscopic images of a duodenal ulcer Endoscopy means looking inside and refers to looking inside the human body for medical reasons. ...
In the anatomy of mammals, the urinary bladder is the organ that collects urine excreted by the kidneys prior to disposal by urination. ...
Female anatomy In anatomy, the urethra is a tube which connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. ...
Anesthesia (AE), also anaesthesia (BE), is the process of blocking the perception of pain and other sensations. ...
This article or section may be confusing or unclear for some readers, and should be edited to rectify this. ...
When a patient has a urinary problem, the doctor may use a cystoscope to see the inside of the bladder and urethra. A patient is any person who receives medical attention, care, or treatment [1]. A patient is often ill or injured and is being treated by, or in need of treatment by, a physician or other medical professional. ...
The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. The cystoscope has lenses like a telescope or microscope. These lenses let the doctor focus on the inner surfaces of the urinary tract. Some cystoscopes use optical fibres (flexible glass fibres) that carry an image from the tip of the instrument to a viewing piece at the other end. The cystoscope is as thin as a pencil and has a light at the tip. Many cystoscopes have extra tubes to guide other instruments for procedures to treat urinary problems. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
A bundle of optical fibers. ...
There are two main types of cystoscopy - flexible and rigid - differing in the flexibility of the cystoscope. Flexible cystoscopy is carried out using local anaethesia on both sexes. Typically, lidocaine gel (such as the brand name Instillagel) is used as an anaesthetic, instilled in the urethra. Rigid cystoscopy can be performed under the same conditions, but is generally carried out under general anaesthesia, particularly in male subjects, due to the discomfort caused by the probe. Lidocaine (INN) or lignocaine (former BAN) is a popular local anesthetic often used in dentistry or topically. ...
A doctor may recommend cystoscopy for any of the following conditions:
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection of the urinary tract. ...
Human blood smear: a - erythrocytes; b - neutrophil; c - eosinophil; d - lymphocyte. ...
In medicine, hematuria (or haematuria) is the presence of blood in the urine. ...
Look up incontinence in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Catheter disassembled In medicine, a catheter is a tube that can be inserted into a body cavity duct or vessel. ...
Interstitial cystitis (commonly abbreviated to IC) is a urinary bladder disease of unknown cause characterised by pelvic and intense bladder pain, urinary frequency (as often as every 10 minutes), and pain with urination. ...
Male Anatomy The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system. ...
Kidney stones, also known as nephrolithiases, urolithiases or renal calculi, are solid accretions (crystals) of dissolved minerals in urine found inside the kidneys or ureters. ...
In zoology, a polyp is one of two forms of individuals found in many species of cnidarians. ...
Tumor (American English) or tumour (British English) originally means swelling, and is sometimes still used with that meaning. ...
When normal cells are damaged beyond repair, they are eliminated by apoptosis. ...
Male and female urinary tracts
 Images from a cystoscopy. The top two images show the interior of the bladder of a male patient. In the top-right image, the cystoscope has been bent within the bladder to look back on itself. The bottom two images show an inflamed urethra If a patient has a stone lodged higher in the urinary tract, the doctor may use a much finer calibre scope called a ureteroscope through the bladder and up into the ureter. (The ureter is the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder). The doctor can then see the stone and remove it with a small basket at the end of a wire which is inserted through an extra tube in the ureteroscope. For larger stones, the doctor may also use the extra tube in the ureteroscope to extend a flexible fiber that carries a laser beam to break the stone into smaller pieces that can then pass out of the body in the urine. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (867x650, 103 KB) Images from a cystoscopy. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (867x650, 103 KB) Images from a cystoscopy. ...
In the anatomy of mammals, the urinary bladder is the organ that collects urine excreted by the kidneys prior to disposal by urination. ...
Inflammation is the first response of the immune system to infection or irritation and may be referred to as the innate cascade. ...
Female anatomy In anatomy, the urethra is a tube which connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. ...
Lasers range in size from microscopic diode lasers (top) with numerous applications, to football field sized neodymium glass lasers (bottom) used for inertial confinement fusion, nuclear weapons research and other high energy density physics experiments. ...
Test Procedures Doctors may have special instructions, but in most cases, patients are able to eat normally and return to normal activities after the test. Patients are sometimes asked to give a urine sample before the test to check for infection. These patients should avoid urinating for an hour before this part of the test.
Patients generally wear a hospital gown for the examination, and the lower part of the body will be covered with a sterile drape. In most cases, patients lie on their backs with knees raised and apart. A nurse or technician will clean the area around the urethral opening and apply a local anesthetic. A hospital gown is a short-sleeved, thigh-length garment worn by patients in hospitals or other medical facilities. ...
Patients receiving a ureteroscopy may receive a spinal or general anaesthetic. (If you know this will be the case, you will want to arrange a lift home after the test.) Spinal anaesthesia is a form of local, or more specifically regional, anaesthesia involving injection of a local anaesthetic into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), generally through a long fine needle. ...
The doctor will gently insert the tip of the cystoscope into the urethra and slowly glide it up into the bladder. Relaxing the pelvic muscles helps make this part of the test easier. A sterile liquid (water, saline, or glycine solution) will flow through the cystoscope to slowly fill the bladder and stretch it so that the doctor has a better view of the bladder wall. Sterilization can mean: Sterilization (surgical procedure) - an operation which renders an animal or human unable to procreate Sterilization (microbiology) - the elimination of microbiological organisms It can also mean the death of sperm cells due to radiation. ...
Saline may refer to: Salinity Saline (medicine) Saline, Michigan Saline, Scotland - a village in the burgh of Fife, Scotland. ...
Glycine (Gly, G) is a nonpolar amino acid. ...
As the bladder reaches capacity, patients typically feel some discomfort and the urge to urinate.
The time from insertion of the cystoscope to removal may be only a few minutes, or it may be longer if the doctor finds a stone and decides to remove it. Taking a biopsy (a small tissue sample for examination under a microscope) will also make the procedure last longer. In most cases, the entire examination, including preparation, will take about 15 to 20 minutes. A biopsy (in Greek: bios = life and opsy = look/appearance) is a medical test involving the removal of cells or tissues for examination. ...
After the test, patients often have some burning feeling when they urinate and often see small amounts of blood in their urine. (These problems should not last more than 24 hours. Tell your doctor if bleeding or pain is severe or if problems last more than a couple of days.)
Common prescriptions to relieve discomfort after the test include:
- Drink 32 fluid ounces (1 L) of water over 2 hours.
- Ask your doctor if you can take a warm bath to relieve the burning feeling.
- Hold a warm, damp washcloth over the urethral opening.
Some doctors will prescribe an antibiotic to take for 1 or 2 days to prevent an infection. However, recent trends have been to discourage this kind of prophylactic treatment (prescribing antibiotics as a preventative when there is no other evidence of infection) because it tends to increase the rate at which bacteria develop resistance to the antibiotic drug. (If you have signs of infection - including pain, chills or fever - call your doctor.) Prophylaxis refers to any medical or public health procedure whose purpose is to prevent, rather than treat or cure, disease. ...
External links and references - Cystoscopy and Ureteroscopy on the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases website
An earlier version of this article was adapted from the public domain NIH Publication No. 01-4800, at http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/kidney/pubs/cystoscopy/cystoscopy.htm which says, "This e-text is not copyrighted. The clearinghouse encourages users of this e-pub to duplicate and distribute as many copies as desired." The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...
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