NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Dachau concentration camp

Dachau was a Nazi German concentration camp, and the first one opened in Germany, located on the grounds of an abandoned munitions factory near the medieval town of Dachau, about 16 km (10 miles) northwest of Munich in the state of Bavaria which is located in southern Germany. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1000x548, 65 KB) Taken and donated by John Mullen File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Dachau concentration camp User:Guinnog/gallery ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1000x548, 65 KB) Taken and donated by John Mullen File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Dachau concentration camp User:Guinnog/gallery ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... It has been suggested that Internment be merged into this article or section. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Germany Bayern - coordinates , , - elevation 505 m (1,657 ft) 40,496 () Peter BÃ¼rgel CET (UTC+1) - CEST (UTC+2) 85221 Dachau (lower right) in Bavaria : www. ... For other uses, see Munich (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Bavaria (disambiguation). ...

Opened on June 1933, it was the first regular concentration camp established by the coalition government of National Socialist (Nazi) NSDAP party and the Catholic Zentrum party (dissolved at 6 July 1933). Heinrich Himmler, Chief of Police of Munich, officially described the camp as "the first concentration camp for political prisoners."^[1] For other uses, see June (disambiguation). ... Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The German Centre Party (Deutsche Zentrumspartei or merely Zentrum), often called the Catholic Centre Party, was a Catholic political party in Germany during the Kaiserreich and the Weimar Republic. ... Heinrich Luitpold Himmler ( ; 7 October 1900 â€“ 23 May 1945) was commander of the Schutzstaffel (SS) and one of the most powerful men in Nazi Germany and the Nazi hierarchy. ... A political prisoner is someone held in prison or otherwise detained, perhaps under house arrest, because their ideas or image are deemed by a government to either challenge or threaten the authority of the state. ...

Dachau served as a prototype and model for the other Nazi concentration camps that followed. Its basic organization, camp layout as well as the plan for the buildings were developed by Kommandant Theodor Eicke and were applied to all later camps. He had a separate secure camp near the command center, which consisted of living quarters, administration, and army camps. Eicke himself became the chief inspector for all concentration camps, responsible for molding the others according to his model.^[2] For other uses, see Prototype (disambiguation). ... See also the related List of German concentration camps Concentration camp in Nazi Germany. ... Commandant is a military or police title or rank and can mean any of the following: The commander of certain military corps and services, such as the Commandant of the Marine Corps and the Commandant of the Coast Guard in the United States or the Commandant of the (now obsolete... Theodor Eicke (October 17, 1892 - February 26, 1943) was a Nazi official, SS-ObergruppenfÃ¼hrer, commander of the SS-Division (mot) Totenkopf of the Waffen-SS and one of the key figures in the establishment of concentration camps in Nazi Germany. ...

In total, over 200,000 prisoners from more than 30 countries were housed in Dachau of which nearly one-third were Jews.^[3] 25,613 prisoners are believed to have died in the camp and almost another 10,000 in its subcamps,^[4] primarily from disease, malnutrition and suicide. In early 1945, there was a typhus epidemic in the camp followed by an evacuation, in which large numbers of the weaker prisoners died. Languages Historical Jewish languages Hebrew, Yiddish, Ladino, others Liturgical languages: Hebrew and Aramaic Predominant spoken languages: The vernacular language of the home nation in the Diaspora, significantly including English, Hebrew, Yiddish, and Russian Religions Judaism Related ethnic groups Arabs and other Semitic groups For the Jewish religion, see Judaism. ... This article is about the medical term. ... Percentage of population affected by malnutrition by country, according to United Nations statistics. ... For other uses, see Suicide (disambiguation). ... For the unrelated disease caused by Salmonella typhi, see Typhoid fever. ... In epidemiology, an epidemic (from [[Latin language] epi- upon + demos people) is a disease that appears as new cases in a given human population, during a given period, at a rate that substantially exceeds what is expected, based on recent experience (the number of new cases in the population during...

Together with the much larger Auschwitz, Dachau has come to symbolize the Nazi concentration camps to many people. Konzentrationslager (KZ) Dachau holds a significant place in public memory because it was the second camp to be liberated by British or American forces. Therefore, it was one of the first places where the West was exposed to the reality of Nazi brutality through firsthand journalist accounts and through newsreels.^[5] Auschwitz (Konzentrationslager Auschwitz) was the largest of the Nazi German concentration camps. ... Occident redirects here. ... Nazism in history Nazi ideology Nazism and race Outside Germany Related subjects Lists Politics Portal Nazism or National Socialism (German: Nationalsozialismus), refers primarily to the ideology and practices of the Nazi Party (National Socialist German Workers Party, German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) under Adolf Hitler. ... For other uses, see Journalist (disambiguation). ... A newsreel is a documentary film that is regularly released in a public presentation place containing filmed news stories. ...

Organization

The camp was divided into two sections: the camp area and the crematorium. The camp area consisted of 32 barracks, including one for clergy imprisoned for opposing the Nazi regime and one reserved for medical experiments. The courtyard between the prison and the central kitchen was used for the summary execution of prisoners. The camp was surrounded by an electrified barbed-wire gate, a ditch, and a wall with seven guard towers.^[6] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 756 Ã— 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (1375 Ã— 1090 pixel, file size: 347 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) photo from USHMM, captions added by myself, information taken from USHMM follows: Locale: Dachau, [Bavaria] Germany Credit: USHMM, courtesy of National Archives and... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 756 Ã— 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (1375 Ã— 1090 pixel, file size: 347 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) photo from USHMM, captions added by myself, information taken from USHMM follows: Locale: Dachau, [Bavaria] Germany Credit: USHMM, courtesy of National Archives and... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2808x1784, 910 KB)Edited for composition and levels from Image:Dachau-003. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2808x1784, 910 KB)Edited for composition and levels from Image:Dachau-003. ... Arbeit Macht Frei gate at KZ Sachsenhausen Detail of the Arbeit Macht Frei inscription on the gate at Dachau. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

In early 1937, the SS, using prisoner labor, initiated construction of a large complex of buildings on the grounds of the original camp. Prisoners were forced to do this work, starting with the destruction of the old munitions factory, under terrible conditions. The construction was officially completed in mid-August 1938 and the camp remained essentially unchanged and in operation until 1945. Dachau thus was the longest running concentration camp of the Third Reich. The area in Dachau included other SS facilities beside the concentration camp—a leader school of the economic and civil service, the medical school of the SS, etc. The KZ at that time was called a "protective custody camp," and occupied less than half of the area of the entire complex.

Dachau also served as the central camp for Christian religious prisoners. According to records of the Roman Catholic Church, at least 3,000 religious, deacons, priests, and bishops were imprisoned there.^[7] For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... Religious is a term with both a technical definition and folk use. ... For other uses, see Deacon (disambiguation). ... This article is about religious workers. ... Topics in Christianity Movements Â· Denominations Â· Other religions Ecumenism Â· Preaching Â· Prayer Music Â· Liturgy Â· Calendar Symbols Â· Art Â· Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul Â· Church Fathers Constantine Â· Athanasius Â· Augustine Anselm Â· Aquinas Â· Palamas Â· Luther Calvin Â· Wesley Arius Â· Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury Â· Catholic Pope Coptic Pope Â· Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box: This article...

In August 1944 a women's camp opened inside Dachau. Its first shipment of women came from Auschwitz Birkenau. Only 19 women guards served at Dachau, most of them until liberation.^[8]^[9] Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Of the 55,000 guards who served in Nazi concentration camps, about 3,600 were women. ...

In the last months of the war, the conditions at Dachau became even worse. As Allied forces advanced toward Germany, the Germans began to move prisoners in concentration camps near the front to more centrally located camps. They hoped to prevent the liberation of large numbers of prisoners. Transports from the evacuated camps arrived continuously at Dachau. After days of travel with little or no food or water, the prisoners arrived weak and exhausted, often near death. Typhus epidemics became a serious problem as a result of overcrowding, poor sanitary conditions, insufficient provisions, and the weakened state of the prisoners.

Owing to continual new transportations from the front, the camp was constantly overcrowded and the hygiene conditions were beneath human dignity. Starting from the end of 1944 up to the day of liberation, 15,000 people died, about half of all victims in KZ Dachau. Five hundred Soviet POWs were executed by firing squad.

On 27 April 1945 Victor Maurer, delegate of the International Committee of the Red Cross, was allowed to enter camps and distribute food. In the evening of the same day a prisoner transport arrived from Buchenwald. Only 800 survivors were brought from the original 4,480 to 4,800 prisoners in transit. Over 2,300 corpses were left lying in and around the train. The last regular commander of the KZ, Obersturmbannführer Eduard Weiter, had fled on 26 April. He probably followed Obersturmbannführer Martin Weiss, who had led the camp from September 1942 until November 1943. is the 117th day of the year (118th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... The Anarchist Black Cross was originally called the Anarchist Red Cross. The band Redd Kross was originally called Red Cross. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Slave laborers in the Buchenwald concentration camp (Elie Wiesel is second row, seventh from left). ... SS-ObersturmbannfÃ¼hrer Rank Patch SA-ObersturmbannfÃ¼hrer Rank Patch ObersturmbannfÃ¼hrer was a paramilitary Nazi Party rank which was used by both the SA and the SS. The title was first created as an SA rank in 1932 after an expansion of the SA created the need for an... Martin Weiss was the Commandant of Dachau concentration camp in 1945. ...

On 28 April 1945, the day before the surrender, Camp Commandant Martin Weiss had left the Dachau camp, along with most of the regular guards and administrators in the camp. On that same day, Victor Maurer, a representative of the Red Cross, had tried to persuade Untersturmführer Johannes Otto, the adjutant of Commandant Weiss, not to abandon the camp, but to leave guards posted to keep the prisoners inside until the Americans arrived. Maurer feared that the prisoners would escape en masse and spread the active typhus fever epidemic. Lt. Otto declined to remain and fled. is the 118th day of the year (119th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... SS-UntersturmfÃ¼hrer insignia UntersturmfÃ¼hrer was a paramilitary rank of the German Schutzstaffel first created in July 1934. ...

Commanders

SS or ss or Ss may be: The Schutzstaffel, a Nazi paramilitary force Steamship (SS) (ship prefix) The United States Secret Service A submarine not powered by nuclear energy (SS) (United States Navy designator), see SSN A Soviet/Russian surface-to-surface missile, as listed by NATO reporting name Shortstop... SS-StandartenfÃ¼hrer insignia StandartenfÃ¼hrer was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was used in both the SA and the SS. First created as a title in 1925, in 1928 the rank became one of the first commissioned Nazi ranks and was bestowed upon those SA and SS officers... SS-GruppenfÃ¼hrer collar patch SA-GruppenfÃ¼hrer rank insignia Volkssturm GruppenfÃ¼hrer insignia GruppenfÃ¼hrer was an early paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party, first created in 1925 as a senior rank of the SA. Translated as â€œGroup Leaderâ€, a GruppenfÃ¼hrer was typically in charge of large numbers... Theodor Eicke (October 17, 1892 - February 26, 1943) was a Nazi official, SS-ObergruppenfÃ¼hrer, commander of the SS-Division (mot) Totenkopf of the Waffen-SS and one of the key figures in the establishment of concentration camps in Nazi Germany. ... SS-OberfÃ¼hrer Collar Patch SA-OberfÃ¼hrer Collar Patch OberfÃ¼hrer was an early paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party dating back to 1921. ...

Liberation

On 29 April 1945 the watchtowers of the Dachau camp remained occupied and a white flag was hoisted. Red Cross representative Maurer persuaded SS-Sturmscharführer Heinrich Wicker, an officer in the SS-Totenkopfverbände, to accompany him to the main gate of the complex to surrender the camp formally. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... is the 119th day of the year (120th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... Image:WaffenSSSSF.jpg SturmscharfÃ¼hrer Collar Insignia SturmscharfÃ¼hrer was a Nazi rank of the Waffen-SS that existed between 1934 and 1945. ...

Late in the afternoon of 29 April 1945 KZ Dachau was surrendered to the American Army by SS-Sturmscharführer Heinrich Wicker.^[10] A vivid description of the surrender appears in Brig. Gen. Henning Linden's official "Report on Surrender of Dachau Concentration Camp": is the 119th day of the year (120th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... Image:WaffenSSSSF.jpg SturmscharfÃ¼hrer Collar Insignia SturmscharfÃ¼hrer was a Nazi rank of the Waffen-SS that existed between 1934 and 1945. ...

General Dwight D. Eisenhower, issued a communique over the capture of Dachau concentration "Our forces liberated and mopped up the infamous concentration camp at Dachau. Approximately 32,000 prisoners were liberated; 300 SS camp guards were quickly neutralized."^[11] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Dwight David Eisenhower, born David Dwight Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 â€“ March 28, 1969), nicknamed Ike, was a five-star General in the United States Army and U.S. politician, who served as the thirty-fourth President of the United States (1953â€“1961). ...

A tablet at the camp commemorates the liberation of Dachau by the 42nd Infantry Division of the U.S. Seventh Army on 29 April 1945. Other claim that the first forces to enter the main camp were a battalion of the 157th Infantry Regiment of the 45th Infantry Division commanded by Felix L. Sparks. There is an on-going disagreement as to which division, the 42nd or the 45th, actually liberated Dachau because they seem to have approached by different routes and by the American Army's definition, anyone arriving at such a camp within 48 hours was a liberator.^[12] General Patton visited the Buchenwald camp after it was liberated, but not Dachau. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2048x2528, 1220 KB) Licensing Edited for composition and levels from Image:Dachau-002. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2048x2528, 1220 KB) Licensing Edited for composition and levels from Image:Dachau-002. ... The 42d Infantry Division was a unit of the United States Army in World War I and World War II, and is the division of the New York National Guard. ... Shoulder Sleeve Insignia of the U.S. Seventh Army. ... is the 119th day of the year (120th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... Brigadier General Felix Sparks (born August 2, 1917, San Antonio, Texas) was the commanding officer of the 3rd Battalion of the 157th Infantry Regiment of the 45th Infantry Division of the United States Army which was the first Allied force to enter Dachau concentration camp and liberate its prisoners. ...

The Americans found approximately 32,000 prisoners, crammed 1,600 to each of 20 barracks, which had been designed to house 250 people each. US troops also found almost 40 railroad cars, each filled with 100 or more corpses.^{[citation needed]}

The American troops were so horrified by conditions at the camp that a few shot some of the camp guards after they had surrendered in what is called the Dachau massacre. The number massacred is disputed as some Germans were killed in combat, some were killed while attempting to surrender, and others were killed after their surrender was accepted. Felix L. Sparks, the commander of a battalion that captured the camp, has stated that "The total number of German guards killed at Dachau during that day most certainly not exceed fifty, with thirty probably being a more accurate figure. The regimental records [of the 57th Infantry Regiment] for that date indicate that over a thousand German prisoners were brought to the regimental collecting point. Since my task force was leading the regimental attack, almost all the prisoners were taken by the task force, including several hundred from Dachau".^[13] The "[American Army] Investigation of Alleged Mistreatment of German Guards at Dachau" found that about 15 Germans were killed (with another 4 or 5 wounded) after their surrender had been accepted. Two other reports collated years after the incident put the figure between 122 and 520 Germans killed after their surrender had been accepted.^[14] Dachau massacre The Dachau Massacre took place in the Dachau concentration camp, near Dachau, Germany, on April 29, 1945 during World War II. The incident happened following the surrender of Dachau concentration camp to soldiers of the 45th Division of the US Seventh Army. ...

As a result of the American Army investigation court-martial charges were drawn up against Sparks and several other men under his command, but as General Patton, the recently appointed military governor of Bavaria, chose to dismiss the charges so the witnesses to the massacre were never cross examined in court and no one was found guilty.^[13] A court-martial (plural courts-martial) is a military court that determines punishments for members of the military subject to military law. ... George Patton redirects here. ...

The memorial site

Between 1945 and 1948 when the camp was handed over to the Bavarian authorities, many accused war criminals and members of the SS were imprisoned at the camp. After this period, due to a severe housing shortage and the arrival of many thousands of refugees from Eastern Germany, the camp was used as temporary housing until the 1950s. During this time, former prisoners banded together to erect a memorial on the site of the camp, finding it unbelievable that there were still people (refugees) living in the former camp. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x3072, 3502 KB) Summary Author: MTFanders Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x3072, 3502 KB) Summary Author: MTFanders Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 533 pixel Image in higher resolution (2048 Ã— 1365 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 533 pixel Image in higher resolution (2048 Ã— 1365 pixel, file size: 1. ... The memorial at the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific in Hawaii commemorates American dead from wars in the Pacific. ...

The display, which was reworked in 2003, takes the visitor through the path of new arrivals to the camp. Special presentations of some of the notable prisoners are also provided. Two of the barracks have been rebuilt and one shows a cross-section of the entire history of the camp, since the original barracks had to be torn down due to their poor condition when the memorial was built. The other 28 barracks are indicated by concrete foundations. Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A barracks housing conscripts of Norrbottens regemente in Boden, Sweden. ...

The memorial includes four chapels for the various religions represented among the prisoners.

The local government resisted designating the complete site a memorial. The former SS barracks adjacent to the camp are now occupied by the Bavarian Bereitschaftspolizei (rapid response police unit).^[15] The Bereitschaftspolizei (Alert Police or Emergency Police) are the barracked mobile police of Germany. ...

Notable prisoners of Dachau

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1392x1056, 266 KB) Summary I took this photo at Dachau in May 1982. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1392x1056, 266 KB) Summary I took this photo at Dachau in May 1982. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1116x1308, 290 KB) Summary I took this photo at the Dachau concentration camp in May 1982. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1116x1308, 290 KB) Summary I took this photo at the Dachau concentration camp in May 1982. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1128x1308, 330 KB) Summary I took this photo at the Dachau concentration camp in May 1982. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1128x1308, 330 KB) Summary I took this photo at the Dachau concentration camp in May 1982. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (3072x2048, 2841 KB) Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (3072x2048, 2841 KB) Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (3072x2048, 886 KB) Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (3072x2048, 886 KB) Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...

Jewish political prisoners

Bruno Bettelheim (August 28, 1903 - March 13, 1990) was an Austrian-born American writer and child psychologist. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Kristallnacht, also known as Reichskristallnacht, Pogromnacht, Crystal Night and the Night of Broken Glass, was a pogrom[1] against Jews throughout Germany and parts of Austria on November 9â€“November 10, 1938. ... Jacob Ehrlich (September 15, 1877, May 17, 1938), was an early Zionist and leader of the Jewish Community in Vienna, Austria. ... is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Viktor Emil Frankl, M.D., Ph. ... For other uses, see Vienna (disambiguation). ... Amos Grunebaum (January 27, 1950 - present) is, according to him, one of the top US obstetricians and gynecologists. ... Hans Achim Litten (June 19, 1903 â€“ February 5, 1938) was a young lawyer, born in Halle, who had represented anti-Nazis at nearly all the important political trials after 1929. ... Aaron Miller (1911 â€“ 2000) was a Polish/American cantor of Bobover descent. ... Benzion Miller singing at a concert in the historic Portuguese Synagogue in Amsterdam Benzion Miller is the cantor of Temple Young Israel Beth-El of Borough Park in Brooklyn, New York. ... Moshe Sanbar (born 1926) is an economist and Israeli public figure. ... Headquarters Jerusalem, Israel Governor Stanley Fischer Central Bank of Israel Currency New Israeli Shekel ISO 4217 Code ILS Base borrowing rate 3. ... Vladek Spiegelman (on the left), as depicted on the cover of Maus Vladek Spiegelman (October 11, 1906-August 18, 1982) is the subject of the Pulitzer Prize-winning graphic novel Maus, written and illustrated by his son, Art Spiegelman. ... For other uses, see Maus (disambiguation). ... Art Spiegelman (born February 15, 1948) is an American comics artist, editor, and advocate for the medium of comics, best known for his Pulitzer Prize-winning comic memoir, Maus. ... Look up Rush in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Geddy Lee OC is a Canadian musician best known as the lead vocalist, bassist, and keyboardist for the Canadian rock group Rush. ...

Resistance fighters

Baron Arthur Haulot (Angleur near Liège, November 15, 1913 - May 24, 2005) was a Belgian journalist, humanist and poet who served, during World War II as an active member of the military resistance against German foreign occupation also known in Western Europe as the Resistance. ... Johann Georg Elser (4 January 1903 - 9 April 1945) was a German opponent of Nazism. ... is the 99th day of the year (100th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... Georges Charpak (born August 1, 1924) is a Polish-French physicist and Nobel Prize in Physics winner. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... Hannes AlfvÃ©n (1908â€“1995) accepting the Nobel Prize for his work on magnetohydrodynamics [1]. List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics from 1901 to the present day. ... Under Construction- translating from German articles Kurt Nehrling (February 13, 1899 - September 23, 1943) was a member of the Weimar Resistance, also known as the Social Democrats Against Hitler. ... Noor Inayat Khan Noor-un-Nisa Inayat Khan, GC, MBE, (January 1, 1914, Moscow - September 13, 1944, Dachau concentration camp), usually known as Noor Inayat Khan, was a British Special Operations Executive agent in World War II of Indian origin and the first female radio operator to be sent into... The Special Operations Executive (SOE), sometimes referred to as the Baker Street Irregulars after Sherlock Holmess fictional group of spies, was a World War II organization initiated by Winston Churchill and Hugh Dalton in July 1940 as a mechanism for conducting warfare by means other than direct military engagement. ... is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Yolande Beekman (1911 - September 11, 1944) is a heroine of World War II. Born as Yolande Elsa Maria Unternahrer to an educated family in Paris, Beekman moved as a child to London and grew up fluent in the English, German, and French languages. ... The Special Operations Executive (SOE), sometimes referred to as the Baker Street Irregulars after Sherlock Holmess fictional group of spies, was a World War II organization initiated by Winston Churchill and Hugh Dalton in July 1940 as a mechanism for conducting warfare by means other than direct military engagement. ... is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Madeleine Zoe Damerment (November 11, 1917 - September 11, 1944) is a heroine of World War II. Madeleine Damerment was born in the city Lille in the Nord dÃ©partement of France. ... The Special Operations Executive (SOE), sometimes referred to as the Baker Street Irregulars after Sherlock Holmess fictional group of spies, was a World War II organization initiated by Winston Churchill and Hugh Dalton in July 1940 as a mechanism for conducting warfare by means other than direct military engagement. ... is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Eliane Plewman (1917-1944) was a French SOE agent and member of French resistance. ... The Special Operations Executive (SOE), sometimes referred to as the Baker Street Irregulars after Sherlock Holmess fictional group of spies, was a World War II organization initiated by Winston Churchill and Hugh Dalton in July 1940 as a mechanism for conducting warfare by means other than direct military engagement. ... is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Clergymen

Dachau had a special "priest block." Of the 2720 priests (among them 2579 Catholic) held in Dachau, 1034 did not survive the camp. The majority were Polish (1780), of whom 868 died in Dachau.

108 Martyrs of World War Two known also as 108 Blessed Polish Martyrs (Polish: ) were Roman Catholics from Poland killed during World War Two by German Nazis. ... Cardinal Adam Kozłowiecki, S.J., ( April 1, 1911 in Huta Komorowska, Poland) is Archbishop of Lusaka ( Zambia) and Cardinal. ... For other uses, see Cardinal (disambiguation). ... Reverend Monsignor Lawrence (Wawrzyniec) Anthony Wnuk P.A. (August 6, 1908, Witrogoszcz, Poland; August 6, 2006, Windsor, Ontario, Canada) was a Polish Roman Catholic priest and Protonotary Apostolic. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 27th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... is the 129th day of the year (130th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see 1941 (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Blessed Stefan Wincenty Frelichowski (b. ... is the 54th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see 1941 (disambiguation). ... // Overview Father Joseph Kentenich (18 November 1885 - 15 September 1968), a priest, founder of the Schoenstatt Movement; thinker; theologian; pioneer of a Catholic response to an array of modern issues, whose teachings underwent a series of challenges from political and ecclesiastical powers; he attempted to teach Christians how to live... The Schoenstatt Movement was founded in 1914 by Father Joseph Kentenich as a means of spiritual renewal in the Catholic Church. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Karl Leisner (February 28, 1915–August 12, 1945) was a Roman Catholic priest interred in the Dachau concentration camp. ... is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see 1941 (disambiguation). ... is the 124th day of the year (125th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Tuberculosis (abbreviated as TB for tubercle bacillus or Tuberculosis) is a common and deadly infectious disease caused by mycobacteria, mainly Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ... Friedrich Gustav Emil Martin NiemÃ¶ller (January 14, 1892 â€“ March 6, 1984) was a prominent German anti-Nazi theologian[1] and Lutheran pastor. ... For other uses, see 1941 (disambiguation). ... is the 124th day of the year (125th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... Rev. ... Raadhuisstraat in Enschede, with the Grote Kerk in the background Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Enschede Enschede or Eanske in the local dialect (Twents) is a municipality and a city in the eastern Netherlands, in the province of Overijssel, in the Twente region. ... is the 110th day of the year (111th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 328th day of the year (329th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 326th day of the year (327th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 88th day of the year (89th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Blessed Titus Brandsma (Bolsward, February 23, 1881 â€“ Dachau July 26, 1942) was a Dutch Carmelite priest and professor of philosophy. ... The Order of Our Lady of Mt. ... is the 207th day of the year (208th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Father Jean Bernard (1907-1994) was a Catholic priest from Luxembourg who was imprisoned from May 1941 to August 1942 in the Nazi concentration camp at Dachau. ... The Ninth Day is a German film, made in 2004 and directed by Volker SchlÃ¶ndorff. ... Volker Schlondorff Volker SchlÃ¶ndorff (born in Wiesbaden, Germany on March 31, 1939) is a Berlin-based German filmmaker. ... Nikolai VelimiroviÄ‡ Photo courtesy of freesrpska. ... is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Politicians

is the 172nd day of the year (173rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 187th day of the year (188th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Dr. Hjalmar Horace Greeley Schacht Dr. Hjalmar Horace Greeley Schacht (22 January 1877 â€“ 3 June 1970) was a German financial expert and Minister of Economics from 1935 until 1937. ... Jan Buzek (27 March 1874 in KoÅ„ska, Austria-Hungary - 24 November 1940 in Dachau, Nazi Germany) was a Polish physician, activist and politician from Zaolzie. ... Kurt Schuschnigg in a propagando manifesto. ... Supporters of the Austrian Christian Social Party in 1934 Austrofascism is a term which is frequently used to describe the authoritarian rule installed in Austria between 1934 and 1938. ... German troops march into Austria on 12 March 1938. ... Dr Kurt Schumacher (13 October 1895 - 20 August 1952), was the leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany in the early years of the German Federal Republic. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar). ... FlossenbÃ¼rg concentration camp was a German prison built in 1938 at FlossenbÃ¼rg, in the Oberpfalz region of Bavaria. ... is the 75th day of the year (76th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Leopold Figl (October 2, 1902 in Rust, Lower Austria, - May 9, 1965 in Vienna) was an Austrian politician of the Ã–VP (Christian Democrats). ... is the 128th day of the year (129th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Stefan StarzyÅ„ski (January 19, 1893 - c. ... President of Warsaw is the head of the capital of Poland and counterpart of a mayor in smaller Polish and foreign cities. ...

Communists

Alfred Hellmuth Andersch (February 4, 1914 â€” February 21, 1980) was a German writer, publisher and radio editor. ... Hans Beimler was born on July 1895 in Munich, Germany, and died on 1 December 1936 in Madrid, Spain. ... Not to be confused with the Spanish Civil War of 1820-1823. ... Emil Carlebach (July 10, 1914 - April 9, 2001) was a German journalist and writer. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Gate with the words Jedem das Seine (literally, â€œto each his ownâ€, but figuratively â€œeveryone gets what he deservesâ€) Buchenwald concentration camp was a Nazi concentration camp established on the Ettersberg (Etter Mountain) near Weimar, Thuringia, Germany, in July 1937, and one of the largest such camps on German soil. ... Adolf Maislinger (born 9. ... Nikolaos Zachariadis ( 1903- 1973) has been the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Greece ( KKE) from 1931 to 1956. ... For other uses, see 1941 (disambiguation). ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Istria (Croatian and Slovenian: Istra, Venetian and Italian: Istria), formerly Histria (Latin), is the largest peninsula in the Adriatic Sea. ... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Mauthausen is a small town in Upper Austria about 20 kilometers east of the city of Linz. ...

Writers

Fritz Gerlich (1883-1934) was a German journalist known for writing articles critical towards Adolf Hitler and the growing Nazi movement. ... Gustaw Morcinek (born Augustyn Morcinek) (24 August 1891 in Karwina, Austria-Hungary - 20 December 1963 in KrakÃ³w, Poland) was a Polish writer, educator and later member of Sejm from 1952 to 1957. ... Silesia (English pronunciation [], Czech: ; German: ; Latin: ; Polish: ; Silesian: ÅšlÅ¯nsk) is a historical region in central Europe, located along the upper and middle Oder River, upper Vistula River, and along the Sudetes, Carpathian (Silesian Beskids) mountain range. ... Slave laborers in the Buchenwald concentration camp (Elie Wiesel is second row, seventh from left). ... Jura Soyfer and Maria Szecsi 1938 Jura Soyfer (December 8, 1912. ... Slave laborers in the Buchenwald concentration camp (Elie Wiesel is second row, seventh from left). ... Raoul Auernheimer (April 15, 1876 in Vienna - January 6, 1948 in Oakland, California) was an Austrian jurist and writer. ... We dont have an article called Stanislaw Grzesiuk Start this article Search for Stanislaw Grzesiuk in. ... For other uses, see Warsaw (disambiguation) and Warszawa (disambiguation). ... is the 94th day of the year (95th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Mauthausen (from summer 1940, Mauthausen-Gusen) was a group of 49 Nazi concentration camps situated around the small town of Mauthausen in Upper Austria, about 20 kilometers east of the city of Linz. ... Stefan Kieniewicz (1907-1992) was a Polish historian and university professor, notable for his works on 19th century history of Poland. ... Stevo Å½igon Stevo Å½igon (Ð¡Ñ‚ÐµÐ²Ð¾ Ð–Ð¸Ð³Ð¾Ð½) (born 8 December 1926 in Ljubljana, died 28 December 2005 in Belgrade) was a famous Serbian actor, theatre director, and writer. ... Languages Serbian Religions Predominantly Serbian Orthodox Christian Related ethnic groups Other Slavic peoples, especially South Slavs See Cognate peoples below (* many Serbs opted for Yugoslav ethnicity) [27] Serbs (Serbian: Ð¡Ñ€Ð±Ð¸ or Srbi) are a South Slavic people who live mainly in Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and, to a lesser extent, in... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... Tadeusz Borowski (1922-1951) was a Polish writer and journalist, and a Holocaust survivor. ... Year 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Franz Roh (1890 - 1965), German historian, photographer, and art critic. ... Robert Antelme (1917 SartÃ¨ne, Corsica - 1990) was a French writer. ... Boris Pahor (b. ... Viktor Emil Frankl, M.D., Ph. ...

Royalty

Albrecht, Duke of Bavaria Albrecht Luitpold Ferdinand Michael, Duke of Bavaria, Franconia and Swabia, Count Palatine of the Rhine (May 3, 1905 - July 8, 1996), was the son of Rupprecht, Crown Prince of Bavaria and his first wife, Duchess Marie Gabriele in Bavaria. ... His Royal Highness the Duke of Bavaria Franz Bonaventura Adalbert Maria Herzog von Bayern (born July 14, 1933), styled as His Royal Highness The Duke of Bavaria, is head of the Wittelsbach family, the former ruling family of the Kingdom of Bavaria. ... Prince Max, Duke in Bavaria Prince Max, Duke in Bavaria, born 21 January 1937 is the heir presumptive to both the Bavarian Royal House and the Jacobite Succession. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... His Serene Highness, Maximilian, Duke of Hohenberg (29 September 1902 - 8 January 1962) was the eldest son of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and Hungary and his morganatic wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg. ... HSH Prince Ernst von Hohenberg His Serene Highness Prince Ernst von Hohenberg (Ernst Alfons Franz Ignaz Joseph Maria Anton) (17 May 1904 - 5 March 1954) was the youngest son of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his morganatic wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg. ... HSH Princess Sophie of Hohenberg Her Serene Highness Princess Sophie of Hohenberg (24 July 1901 â€“ 27 October 1990) was the only daughter of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his morganatic wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg. ...

Others

Franz Halder Franz Ritter Halder (June 30, 1884 â€“ April 2, 1972) was a German General and the head of the Army General Staff from 1938 until September 1942, when he was dismissed after frequent disagreements with Adolf Hitler. ... Friedrich (Fritz) Thyssen (November 9, 1873, MÃ¼lheim an der Ruhr â€“ February 8, 1951, MartÃnez, San Isidro Partido, Greater Buenos Aires) was a German businessman born into one of Germanys leading industrial families. ... Charles Delestraint (1879-1945) was a French general and French Resistance member. ... The (contraction of Geheime Staatspolizei: â€œsecret state policeâ€) was the official secret police of Nazi Germany. ...

Gallery

References

^ http://www.mazal.org/archive/DACHPHO/Dach02.htm Translation: The Munich Chief of Police, Himmler, has issued the following press announcement: On Wednesday the first concentration camp is to be opened in Dachau with an accommodation for 5000 persons. All Communists and—where necessary—Reichsbanner and Social Democratic functionaries who endanger state security are to be concentrated here, as in the long run it is not possible to keep individual functionaries in the state prisons without overburdening these prisons, and on the other hand these people cannot be released because attempts have shown that they persist in their efforts to agitate and organise as soon as they are released.
^ United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. "The Holocaust." Holocaust Encyclopedia. http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005214
^ Dachau - The First Concentration Camp^{[dead link]}
^ That Was Dachau 1933 - 1945 by Stanislav Zámečník Page 377 and 379
^ Among the most famous inmates of the Dachau concentration camp were Hans Litten, Fred Rabinowitz (a.k.a. Fred Roberts), Stefan Starzynski, the composer Blaž Arnič and Alfred Gruenebaum, the father of a prominent U.S. obstetrician, Amos Grunebaum.
^ United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. "The Holocaust." Holocaust Encyclopedia. http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005214
^ Particularly notable among the Christian residents are Karl Leisner (Catholic priest ordained while in the camp, beatified by Pope John Paul II in 1996) and Martin Niemöller (Protestant theologian and Nazi resistance leader).
^ THE CAMP WOMEN, The Female Auxiliaries who Assisted the SS in Running the Nazi Concentration Camp System by Daniel Patrick Brown.
^ Sources show the names of sixteen of the nineteen women guarding the camp; Fanny Baur, Leopoldine Bittermann, Ernestine Brenner, Anna Buck, Rosa Dolaschko, Maria Eder, Rosa Grassmann, Betty Hanneschaleger, Ruth Elfriede Hildner, Josefa Keller, Berta Kimplinger, Lieselotte Klaudat, Theresia Kopp, Rosalie Leimboeck, and Thea Miesl. Women guards were also staffed at the Augsburg Michelwerke, Burgau, Kaufering, Muhldorf, and Munich Agfa Camera Werke subcamps. In mid-April 1945 many female subcamps at Kaufering, Augsburg and Munich closed, and the SS women stationed at Dachau. It is reported that female SS guards gave prisoners guns before liberation to save them from postwar prosecution.
^ http://www.scrapbookpages.com/Dachauscrapbook/DachauLiberation/Wicker.html
^ Staff, quoting Abram Sachar on The Liberation of Dachau, Nizkor Project.
^ Albert Panebianco (ed). Dachau its liberation 57th Infantry Association, Felix L. Sparks, Secretary 15 June 1989. (backup site) Cites a letter by James R. Bird to Joseph I. Lieberman
^ ^a ^b Albert Panebianco (ed). Dachau its liberation 57th Infantry Association, Felix L. Sparks, Secretary 15 June 1989. (backup site)
^ Staff. A review of Col. Howard A. Buechner's account of execution of Waffen-SS soldiers during the liberation of Dachau, Scrapbookpages.com, 28 July, 2006
^ Sven Felix Kellerhoff. "Neue Museumskonzepte für die Konzentrationslager", WELT ONLINE, Axel Springer AG, 2002-10-21 23:33. Retrieved on 2007-03-21. (German) ". . . die SS-Kasernen neben dem KZ Dachau wurden zuerst (bis 1974) von der US-Armee bezogen. Seither nutzt sie die VI. Bayerische Bereitschaftspolizei. (. . . the SS barracks adjacent to the Dachau concentration camp were at first occupied by the US Army (until 1974) . Since then they have been used by the Sixth Rapid Response Unit of the Bavarian Police.)"

Buechner, Howard A., Dachau—The Hour of the Avenger, Thunderbird Press, ©1986, paperback, 159 pages, ISBN 0-913159-04-2, first published in 1986. LC Control Number: 87181873.
Kozal, Czesli W. Memoir of Fr. Czesli W. (Chester) Kozal, O.M.I. / translated from the Polish original by Paul Ischler. Private printing, Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate, 2004, 175 pp. LC Control Number: 2004400050
Marcuse, Harold, Legacies of Dachau: The Uses and Abuses of a Concentration Camp, 1933-2001, 600 pages, Cambridge University Press, 2001. more information
The Fighting Forty-Fifth: the Combat Report of an Infantry Division, compiled and edited by Lt. Col. Leo V. Bishop, Maj. Frank J. Glasgow, and Maj. George A. Fisher. Copyright 1946 by the 45th Infantry Division, printed by Army & Navy Publishing Co., Baton Rouge, LA. LC Control Number: 49051541.

The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ... BlaÅ¾ ArniÄ (* 31 January 1901, LuÄe, Lower Styria, Austria; â€ 1 February 1970, Ljubljana, Slovenia) was a symphonic composer ArniÄ grew up on an isolated farmstead near Mount Raduka in the Kamnik Alps. ... For other uses, see United States (disambiguation) and US (disambiguation). ... This article needs cleanup. ... Amos Grunebaum (January 27, 1950 - present) is, according to him, one of the top US obstetricians and gynecologists. ... Karl Leisner (February 28, 1915–August 12, 1945) was a Roman Catholic priest interred in the Dachau concentration camp. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Coat of Arms of Pope John Paul II. The Letter M is for Mary, the mother of Jesus, to whom he held strong devotion Pope John Paul II (Latin: , Italian: Giovanni Paolo II, Polish: Jan PaweÅ‚ II) born []; 18 May 1920 â€“ 2 April 2005) reigned as the 264th Pope of... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... Friedrich Gustav Emil Martin NiemÃ¶ller (January 14, 1892 â€“ March 6, 1984) was a prominent German anti-Nazi theologian[1] and Lutheran pastor. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... Ruth Elfriede Hildner (November 1, 1919 - May 2, 1947) was an SS guard at several Nazi concentration camps during World War II. Hildner was conscripted into camp service in July 1944 and on July 10, 1944 she arrived at Ravensbruck to be trained as a camp matron. ... Rosalie was a female Nazi guard at three concentration camps from August 1944 until April 1945. ... Kaufering is a town in the district of Landsberg in Bavaria in Germany. ... For other meanings for Augsburg: See Augsburg (disambiguation) , Augsburg is a city in south-central Germany. ... For other uses, see Munich (disambiguation). ... The Nizkor (Hebrew: we will remember) Project is an ongoing Internet-based project run by Ken McVay which is dedicated to countering Holocaust revisionism. ... is the 166th day of the year (167th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Joseph Isadore Lieberman (born February 24, 1942) is a Jewish-American Democratic politician and a current U.S. senator from Connecticut. ... is the 166th day of the year (167th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 209th day of the year (210th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 80th day of the year (81st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... For other uses, see Guardian. ... is the 80th day of the year (81st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Contents

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