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A dangerous good is any solid, liquid, or gas that can harm people, other living organisms, property, or the environment. An equivalent term, used almost exclusively in the United States, is hazardous material (hazmat). Dangerous goods may be radioactive, flammable, explosive, toxic, corrosive, biohazardous, an oxidizer, an asphyxiant, a pathogen, an allergen, or may have other characteristics that render it hazardous in specific circumstances. For other uses, see Solid (disambiguation). ...
A liquid will usually assume the shape of its container A liquid is one of the main states of matter. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...
Radioactive decay is the set of various processes by which unstable atomic nuclei (nuclides) emit subatomic particles. ...
Flammable or Flammability refers to the ease at which a substance will ignite, causing fire or combustion. ...
This article is concerned solely with chemical explosives. ...
Toxic redirects here, but this is also the name of a song by Britney Spears; see Toxic (song) Look up toxic and toxicity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Corrosion is the destructive reaction of a metal with another material, e. ...
Biological hazard. ...
An oxidizing agent is a substance that oxidizes another substance in electrochemistry or redox chemical reactions in general. ...
Asphyxia is a condition of severely deficient supply of oxygen to the body. ...
A pathogen or infectious agent is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. ...
An allergen is any substance (antigen), most often eaten or inhaled, that is recognized by the immune system and causes an allergic reaction. ...
Mitigating the risks associated with hazardous materials may require the application of safety precautions during their transport, use, storage and disposal. Most countries regulate hazardous materials by law, and they are subject to several international treaties as well. Look up storage in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Persons who handle dangerous goods will often wear protective equipment, and metropolitan fire departments often have a response team specifically trained to deal with accidents and spills. These teams train with different organizations at a variety of specialized locations. Some of the most well-known in the U.S. and Canada include the California Specialized Training Institute, the Texas A&M TEEX Academy, Signet North America, the Justice Institute of British Columbia, and the U.S. National Fire Academy. Firefighter with an axe A firefighter, sometimes still called a fireman though women have increasingly joined firefighting units, is a person who is trained and equipped to put out fires, rescue people and in some areas provide emergency medical services. ...
Laws and regulations on the use and handling of hazardous materials may differ depending on the activity and status of the material. For example one set of requirements may apply to their use in the workplace while a different requirements may apply to spill response, sale for consumer use, or transportation. Most countries regulate some aspect of hazardous materials.
The most widely applied regulatory scheme is that for the transportation of dangerous goods. The Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods of the United Nations Economic and Social Council issues Model Regulations on the Transportation of Dangerous Goods. Most regional and national regulatory schemes for hazardous materials are harmonized to a greater or lesser degree with the UN Model Regulation. For instance, the International Civil Aviation Organization has developed regulations for air transport of hazardous materials that are based upon the UN Model but modified to accommodate unique aspects of air transport. Individual airline and governmental requirements are incorporated with this by the International Air Transport Association to produce the widely used IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations. Similarly, the International Maritime Organization has developed the IMO Dangerous Goods Regulations for transportation on the high seas. Many individual nations have also structured their dangerous goods transportation regulations to harmonize with the UN Model in organization as well as in specific requirements. The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) of the United Nations assists the General Assembly in promoting international economic and social cooperation and development. ...
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), an agency of the United Nations, codifies the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. ...
The International Air Transport Association is an international trade organisation of airlines headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ...
The International Air Transport Association is an international trade organization of airlines headquarted in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ...
Headquarters of the International Maritime Organisation in Lambeth, adjacent to the east end of Lambeth Bridge Headquarters building taken from the west side of the Thames Headquartered in London, U.K., the International Maritime Organization (IMO) promotes cooperation among governments and the shipping industry to improve maritime safety and to...
Dangerous goods are divided into classes on the basis of the specific chemical characteristics producing the risk.
Note: The graphics and text in this article representing the dangerous goods safety marks are derived from the United Nations-based system of identifying dangerous goods. Not all countries use precisely the same graphics (label, placard and/or text information) in their national regulations. Some use graphic symbols, but without English wording or with similar wording in their national language. Refer to the Dangerous Goods Transportation Regulations of the country of interest.
For example, see the Dangerous Goods Safety Marks in the Canadian Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations.
The statement above applies equally to all the Dangerous Goods classes discussed in this article.
Classification and labelling summary tables
 This article is concerned solely with chemical explosives. ...
Image File history File links Dangclass1. ...
Information on this graphic changes depending on which, "Division" of explosive is shipped.
Explosive Dangerous Goods have compatibility group letters assigned to facilitate segregation during transport. The letters used range from A to S excluding the letters I, M, O, P, Q and R. The example above shows an explosive with a compatibility group "A" (shown as 1.1A). The actual letter shown would depend on the specific properties of the substance being transported.
For example, the Canadian Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations provides a description of compatibility groups.
- 1.1 Explosives with a mass explosion hazard
- 1.2 Explosives with a severe projection hazard.
- 1.3 Explosives with a fire, blast or projection hazard but not a mass explosion hazard.
- 1.4 Minor fire or projection hazard (includes ammunition and most consumer fireworks).
- 1.5 An insensitive substance with a mass explosion hazard (explosion similar to 1.1)
- 1.6 Extremely insensitive articles.
The United States Department of Transportation (DOT) regulates hazmat transportation within the territory of the US. R-phrases S-phrases Related Compounds Related compounds picric acid hexanitrobenzene Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a chemical compound with the formula C6H2(NO2)3CH3. ...
Dynamite is an explosive based on the explosive potential of nitroglycerin, initially using diatomaceous earth (kieselguhr) as an adsorbent. ...
Nitroglycerin (also nitroglycerine, trinitroglycerin, or glyceryl trinitrate) is a chemical compound, a heavy, colorless, poisonous, oily, explosive liquid obtained by nitrating glycerol. ...
The United States Department of Transportation (DOT) is a federal Cabinet department of the United States government concerned with transportation. ...
- 1.1 — Explosives with a mass explosion hazard. (nitroglycerin/dynamite)
- 1.2 — Explosives with a blast/projection hazard.
- 1.3 — Explosives with a minor blast hazard. (rocket propellant, display fireworks)
- 1.4 — Explosives with a major fire hazard. (consumer fireworks, ammunition)
- 1.5 — Blasting agents.
- 1.6 — Extremely insensitive explosives.
Nitroglycerin (NG), also known as nitroglycerine, trinitroglycerin, and glyceryl trinitrate, is a chemical compound. ...
Dynamite is an explosive based on the explosive potential of nitroglycerin, initially using diatomaceous earth (kieselguhr) as an adsorbent. ...
Fireworks over Miami, Florida, USA on American Independence Day Fireworks at Epcot, Florida, USA The Sydney Harbour Bridge and the Sydney Opera House illuminated under New Years Eve Fireworks 2005 A Fireworks event (also called a fireworks show) or Pyrotechnics is a spectacular display of the effects produced by...
Class 2: Gases Gases which are compressed, liquefied or dissolved under pressure as detailed below. Some gases have subsidiary risk classes; poisonous or corrosive.
 Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
- 2.1 Flammable gas
- Gases which ignite on contact with an ignition source.
 Acetylene (systematic name: ethyne) is the simplest alkyne hydrocarbon, consisting of two hydrogen atoms and two carbon atoms connected by a triple bond. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1, 1, s Appearance colorless Atomic mass 1. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
- 2.2 Non-Flammable Gases
- Gases which are neither flammable nor poisonous.
Includes the cryogenic gases/liquids (temperatures of below -100 °C) used for cryopreservation and rocket fuels.
 General Name, Symbol, Number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless gas Standard atomic weight 14. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number neon, Ne, 10 Chemical series noble gases Group, Period, Block 18, 2, p Appearance colorless Standard atomic weight 20. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
- 2.3 Poisonous Gases
- Gases liable to cause death or serious injury to human health if inhaled.
General Name, Symbol, Number fluorine, F, 9 Chemical series halogens Group, Period, Block 17, 2, p Appearance Yellowish brown gas Atomic mass 18. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number chlorine, Cl, 17 Chemical series halogens Group, Period, Block 17, 3, p Appearance yellowish green Standard atomic weight 35. ...
Hydrogen cyanide is a chemical compound with chemical formula HCN. A solution of hydrogen cyanide in water is called hydrocyanic acid. ...
Class 3: Flammable liquids
 Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Flammable liquids included in Class 3 are included in one of the following packing groups:
- Packing Group I, if they have an initial boiling point of 35°C or less at an absolute pressure of 101.3 kPa and any flash point;
- Packing Group II, if they have an initial boiling point greater than 35°C at an absolute pressure of 101.3 kPa and a flash point less than 23°C; or
- Packing Group III, if the criteria for inclusion in Packing Group I or II are not met.
Note: For further details, check the Dangerous Goods Transportation Regulations of the country of interest. The flash point of a flammable liquid is the lowest temperature at which it can form an ignitable mixture with air. ...
This article is about the chemical compound. ...
Carbon disulfide is a colorless liquid with the formula CS2. ...
Gasoline or petrol is a petroleum-derived liquid mixture consisting mostly of hydrocarbons and enhanced with benzene or iso-octane to increase octane ratings, primarily used as fuel in internal combustion engines. ...
The chemical compound acetone (also known as propanone, dimethyl ketone, 2-propanone, propan-2-one and β-ketopropane) is the simplest representative of the ketones. ...
Kerosene or kerosine, also called paraffin oil or paraffin in British usage (not to be confused with the waxy solid also called paraffin wax or just paraffin) is a flammable hydrocarbon liquid. ...
Diesel or diesel fuel (IPA: ; voiced “s†because of its eponym) is a specific fractional distillate of fuel oil (mostly petroleum) that is used as fuel in a diesel engine invented by German engineer Rudolf Diesel. ...
Class 4: Flammable solids
 Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
- 4.1 Flammable solids which are easily ignited and readily combustible.
 Skeletal formula of nitrocellulose Ball-and-stick model of a section of nitrocellulose Nitrocellulose (also: cellulose nitrate, flash paper) is a highly flammable compound formed by nitrating cellulose through, for example, exposure to nitric acid or another powerful nitrating agent. ...
General Name, symbol, number magnesium, Mg, 12 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, period, block 2, 3, s Appearance silvery white solid at room temp Standard atomic weight 24. ...
An igniting match A match is a consumable tool for producing fire under controlled circumstances on demand. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
- 4.2 Spontaneously combustible substances.
 An alkyl is a univalent radical containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms arranged in a chain. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number phosphorus, P, 15 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 3, p Appearance waxy white/ red/ black/ colorless Standard atomic weight 30. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
- 4.3 Substances which emit a flammable gas when wet or react violently with water.
General Name, Symbol, Number sodium, Na, 11 Chemical series alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1, 3, s Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight 22. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number calcium, Ca, 20 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 4, s Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight 40. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number potassium, K, 19 Chemical series alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1, 4, s Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight 39. ...
 European Union Chemical hazard symbol for oxidizing agents Dangerous goods label for oxidizing agents Oxidizing agent placard An oxidizing agent (also called an oxidant or oxidizer) is A chemical compound that readily transfers oxygen atoms or A substance that gains electrons in a redox chemical reaction. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
- 5.1 Oxidizing agents other than organic peroxides.
 Calcium hypochlorite is a chemical compound with formula Ca(ClO)2. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a very pale blue liquid which appears colourless in a dilute solution, slightly more viscous than water. ...
Potassium permanganate is the chemical compound KMnO4. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
- 5.2 Organic peroxides, either in liquid or solid form.
R-phrases , , S-phrases , , , Autoignition temperature 80°C RTECS number DM8575000 Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references Tube of Basiron, a water-based 5% benzoyl peroxide preparation for the treatment of acne. ...
Organic peroxides are organic molecules containing the peroxide functional group ROOR If the R is hydrogen, the compound is called organic hydroperoxide. ...
Class 6: Toxic and Infectious Substances
 Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
- 6.1a Toxic substances which are liable to cause death or serious injury to human health if inhaled, swallowed or by skin absorption.
- 6.1b (Now PGIII) Toxic substances which are harmful to human health (N.B this symbol is no longer authorized by the United Nations).
 Potassium cyanide or KCN is the potassium salt of hydrogen cyanide or hydrocyanic acid. ...
Mercury chloride is a white poisonous soluble crystalline sublimate of mercury, used as a pesticide or antiseptic or wood preservative. ...
Hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride in water. ...
the plane is spreading pesticide. ...
Dichloromethane or Methylene chloride is a chemical compound widely used as a solvent for organic materials. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
- 6.2 Biohazardous substances.
Divided into two categories by the WHO: Cat. A (infectious) and Cat. B (samples). Groups I: dsDNA viruses II: ssDNA viruses III: dsRNA viruses IV: (+)ssRNA viruses V: (-)ssRNA viruses VI: ssRNA-RT viruses VII: dsDNA-RT viruses A virus (from the Latin noun virus, meaning toxin or poison) is a microscopic particle (ranging in size from 20 - 300 nm) that can infect the...
Pathology (from Greek pathos, feeling, pain, suffering; and logos, study of; see also -ology) is the study of the processes underlying disease and other forms of illness, harmful abnormality, or dysfunction. ...
Class 7: Radioactive Substances
 Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
- Radioactive substances comprise substances or a combination of substances which emit ionizing radiation.
General Name, Symbol, Number uranium, U, 92 Chemical series actinides Group, Period, Block n/a, 7, f Appearance silvery gray metallic; corrodes to a spalling black oxide coat in air Standard atomic weight 238. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number plutonium, Pu, 94 Chemical series actinides Group, Period, Block n/a, 7, f Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight (244) g·mol−1 Electron configuration [Rn] 5f6 7s2 Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2 Physical properties Phase solid Density (near r. ...
Class 8: Corrosive Substances
Solids or liquids that can dissolve organic tissue or severely corrode certain metals. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
For alternative meanings see acid (disambiguation). ...
Sulfuric (or sulphuric) acid, H2SO4, is a strong mineral acid. ...
The chemical compound hydrochloric acid is the aqueous (water-based) solution of hydrogen chloride gas (HCl). ...
The word alkali can mean:- In chemistry, an alkali is the solution of a base in water. ...
The chemical compound potassium hydroxide, (KOH) sometimes known as caustic potash, potassa, potash lye, and potassium hydrate, is a metallic base. ...
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), also known as lye or caustic soda or sodium hydrate, is a caustic metallic base. ...
Class 9: Miscellaneous Dangerous Substances
 Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
- Hazardous substances that do not fall into the other categories.
Fibrous asbestos on muscovite Asbestos Asbestos Blue asbestos (crocidolite) from Wittenoom, Western Australia. ...
An airbag is a flexible membrane or envelope, inflatable to contain air or some other gas. ...
For the 1944 movie, see Lifeboat (movie). ...
Dry ice is a genericized trademark for solid (frozen) carbon dioxide. ...
Other hazardous materials labels (CHIP)
 Xn, harmful, Xi, Irritant
 T, toxic
 C, corrosive
 O, oxidizing
 F, flammable
 E, explosive
 N, environmental hazard Image File history File links Hazard_X.svg‎ Summary Description: Source: Converted from EPS file at http://forum. ...
Image File history File links Hazard_T.svg Summary Description: The hazard symbol for toxic/highly toxic substances according to directive 67/548/EWG by the European Chemicals Bureau. ...
Image File history File links Hazard_C.svg Summary Description: The hazard symbol for corrosive substances according to directive 67/548/EWG by the European Chemicals Bureau. ...
Image File history File links Hazard_O.svg‎ Summary Description: Source: Converted from EPS file at http://forum. ...
Image File history File links Hazard_F.svg‎ Summary Description: Source: Converted from EPS file at http://forum. ...
Image File history File links Hazard_E.svg Summary Description: Source: Made after the hazard symbol in the clipart Gallery on sodipodi. ...
Image File history File links Hazard_N.svg Summary Description: Source: Clipart Gallery on sodipodi. ...
Australia Uses the standard international UN numbers with a few slightly different signs on the back, front and sides of vehicles carrying hazardous substances. Uses the same "HAZCHEM" as the UK HAZCHEM Code to provide advisory information to emergency services personnel in the event of an emergency situation.
Canada Transport of hazardous materials in Canada is under the jurisdiction of Transport Canada. Hazard classifications are also based upon the UN Model. Transport Canada is the department within the government of Canada which is responsible for developing regulations, policies and services of transportation in Canada. ...
Europe The European Union has passed numerous directives and regulations to avoid the dissemination and restrict the usage of hazardous substances, the most famous being the Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive and the REACH directive. There are also long standing European treaties such as ADR and RID that regulate the transportation of hazardous materials by road, rail, river and inland waterways, following the guide of the UN Model Regulation. A directive is a legislative act of the European Union which requires member states to achieve a particular result without dictating the means of achieving that result. ...
The Directive on the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (RoHS) 2002/95/EC [1] (commonly referred to as the Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive) was adopted in February 2003 by the European Union. ...
Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals (REACH) is a proposal from the European Commission to modify the legislation on chemical safety in the European Union. ...
United States
 A picture of the U.S. DOT classes in use. Due to the increased threat of terrorism in the early 21st century, funding for greater HAZMAT-handling capabilities was increased throughout the United States, in recognition of the fact that flammable, poisonous, explosive, or radioactive substances in particular could make attractive weapons for terrorist attacks. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1807x1265, 157 KB) Summary Pic of the HAZMAT prohibition board approaching Kittatinny Tunnel (I think) on the main line of the Pennsylvania Turnpike. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1807x1265, 157 KB) Summary Pic of the HAZMAT prohibition board approaching Kittatinny Tunnel (I think) on the main line of the Pennsylvania Turnpike. ...
Terrorist redirects here. ...
The 21st century is the present century of the Anno Domini (common) era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ...
The United States Department of Transportation (DOT) regulates hazmat transportation within the territory of the US. The regulations are found in 49 CFR (Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations). The United States Department of Transportation (DOT) is a federal Cabinet department of the United States government concerned with transportation. ...
The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulates the handling of hazardous materials in the workplace as well as response to hazardous materials-related incidents, most notably through HAZWOPER (HAZ-ardous W-aste OP-erations and E-mergency R-esponse) regulations found at 29 CFR 1910.120. OSHA logo The United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is an agency of the United States Department of Labor. ...
The Environmental Protection Agency regulates hazardous materials as they may impact the community and environment, including specific regulations for environmental cleanup and for handling and disposal of waste hazardous materials. EPA redirects here. ...
The Consumer Product Safety Commission regulates hazardous materials that may be used in products sold for household and other consumer uses. The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government created in 1972 through the Consumer Safety Act to protect “against unreasonable risks of injuries associated with consumer productsâ€. As of 2006 its acting chairman is Nancy Nord, a Republican. ...
Hazard classes for materials in transport Following the UN Model, the DOT divides regulated hazardous materials into nine classes, some of which are further divided into divisions. Hazardous materials in transportation must be placarded. Some materials must always be placarded, others may only require placarding in certain circumstances.
Trailers of goods in transport are usually marked with a four digit UN (United Nations) number. This number can be referenced by first responders (Firefighters, Police Officers, and ambulance personnel) who can find information about the material in the Emergency Response Guidebook. The foundation of the U.N. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ...
A Canadian firefighter A firefighter or fireman is trained and equipped to extinguish fires. ...
A police officer is a warranted employee of a police service. ...
An ambulance in San Jose del Cabo, Mexico A Helicopter used as an Ambulance. ...
The Emergency Response Guidebook is a book used by first responders (firefighters, police officers, and ambulance personnel) when responding to a transportation emergency involving hazardous materials. ...
Fixed facilities Different standards usually apply for handling and marking HAZMATs at fixed facilities, including NFPA 704 diamond markings (a consensus standard often adopted by local governmental jurisdictions), OSHA regulations requiring chemical safety information for employees, and CPSC requirements requiring informative labeling for the public, as well as wearing Hazmat suits when handling hazardous materials. NFPA 704 is a standard maintained by the U.S. National Fire Protection Association. ...
A HAZMAT suit is an overall garment worn by people to protect themselves from hazardous materials or substances. ...
See also A chemical hazard arises from contamination with harmful or potentially harmful chemicals. ...
The international biological hazard symbol Immediate disposal of used needles into a sharps container is standard procedure. ...
Council Directive 67/548/EEC of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (as amended) is the main European Union law concerning chemical safety. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Hazard symbol. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Hazard symbol. ...
Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...
This is a list of Extremely Hazardous Substances as defined by Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act. ...
Packaging is the enclosing of a physical object, typically a product that will be offered for sale. ...
External links - TDG Online Training & Supplies
- United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (Model Regulations)
- UNECE - Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)
- Dangerous Goods Advisory Council (DGAC)
- Dangerous Substances, European Agency for Safety and Health at Work
- Classification of Dangerous Goods - Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- Australian "Dangerous Goods" and "Hazard Class" diamonds
- Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations - Transport Canada
- Hazardous Materials Regulations - U.S. Department of Transport
- US DOT 2004 Emergency Response Guidebook
- United States Department of Transportation Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 49
- United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) CFR 29, 1910.120
- Using Morphological Analysis to Evaluate Preparedness for Accidents Involving Hazardous Materials
- Downloadable Hazmat Placards
- Placarding and Segregation U.S.A
- California Specialized Training Institute (CSTI)
- Article detailing the importance of degradation vs permeation when looking at Hazmat protection equipment.
- The Hazmat 101 Web(tm)
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