Daniel Boone National Forest
IUCN Category VI (Managed Resource Protected Area)
Location:	Kentucky, USA
Nearest city:	Winchester, KY
Coordinates:	37°17′17″N, 83°52′31″W
Area:	2.1 million acres (8,500 km²) Federal: 706,000 acres (2,860 km²)
Established:	1937
Visitation:	2,507,000 (in 2004)
Governing body:	U.S. Forest Service

The Daniel Boone National Forest is the only national forest completely within the boundary of Kentucky. It was established in 1937 and was originally named the Cumberland National Forest, after the core region called the Cumberland Purchase Unit (established in 1930). About 2.1 million acres (8500 km²) are contained within its proclamation boundary, of which 706,000 acres (2860 km²) are owned and managed by the United States Forest Service, up from around 620,000 acres (2500 km²) in the early to mid 1990s. The Daniel Boone forest surrounds "Cave Run Lake" (a Corps of Engineers reservior) and the Red River Gorge Geologic Area, popular with hikers, campers, and rock climbers. The World Conservation Union or International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ... Image File history File links Locator_Dot. ... Image File history File links US_Locator_Blank. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Winchester is a city located in Clark County, Kentucky. ... 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... The USDA Forest Service, a United States government agency within the United States Department of Agriculture, is under the leadership of the United States Secretary of Agriculture. ... This article is on national forests in the United States. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The USDA Forest Service, a United States government agency within the United States Department of Agriculture, is under the leadership of the United States Secretary of Agriculture. ... Cave Run Lake, located south of Morehead, KY along KY 801, is an 8,270 acre, artificial lake built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. ... Red River Gorge, Daniel Boone National Forest, Kentucky The Red River Gorge is a canyon system on the Red River in east-central Kentucky. ...

View from the Tater Knob in the Daniel Boone National Forest.

The Daniel Boone forest was named after Daniel Boone, a frontiersman and explorer in the late eighteenth century who contributed greatly to the exploration and settlement of Kentucky. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 144 KB) View from Tater Knob in the Daniel Boone National Forest in Kentucky, USA. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x960, 144 KB) View from Tater Knob in the Daniel Boone National Forest in Kentucky, USA. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Daniel Boone Daniel Boone (November 2, 1734 – September 26, 1820) was an American pioneer, frontiersman and Indian-fighter, who blazed the trail known as the Wilderness Road and founded Boonesborough, Kentucky (also known as Boonesboro). ...

History

In 1937, when the national forest was established, it contained 1,338,214 acres within its proclamation boundary. As of June, 1937, the United States Forest Service had purchased 336,692 acres. Most of the early purchases were large tracts owned by lumber and coal companies. These lands were relatively isolated and unpopulated. The Forest Service has had difficulty acquiring more land within the proclamation boundary, the bulk of which was, and still is, made up of small owner-operated farms of about 100 acres or less. The USDA Forest Service, a United States government agency within the United States Department of Agriculture, is under the leadership of the United States Secretary of Agriculture. ...

During the 1960s, part of the Daniel Boone National Forest was established as the "Primitive Weapons Area", renamed "Pioneer Weapons Area", for hunting with longbow, crossbow, or muzzle-loading firearms (either flintlock or percussion). In 1970, this was the only area in the United States where deer could be legally hunted with crossbows, and it is still unique in allowing only muzzle-loaded firearms.

The name of the forest was debated since before its establishment. The name "Daniel Boone National Forest" was suggested and advocated by various people during the 1930s, before its establishment as the Cumberland National Forest. A majority of local leaders in Kentucky favored the name "Daniel Boone" when polled in the 1930s. Protests about the name began immediately after the national forest was established. According to Robert F. Collins of the Forest Service, the name of the forest was reopened in the late 1950s. The Forest Service investigated the name "Cumberland" and found it came to Kentucky in 1750 when Dr. Walker named the Cumberland River in honor of Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, who had defeated the Scottish Highlanders in the 1746 Battle of Culloden. The aftermath of the battle was noted for its brutality and many Scottish families fled to America and ultimately Kentucky, according to the Forest Service's investigation. Some of these families, the Forest Service noted, still live in eastern Kentucky and find the name "Cumberland" distasteful (Collins, pg. 244). Dr Thomas Walker was an English physician and explorer who led an expedition to what was then the Transalleghany area of British North America in the mid-18th century. ... Length 1,106 km Elevation of the source 480 m Average discharge 3,217 m³/s Area watershed 46,830 km² Origin Oven Fork, Kentucky Mouth Ohio River Basin countries United States The Cumberland River is an important waterway in the southern United States. ... Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland (April 15, 1721–October 31, 1765), a younger son of King George II of Great Britain and Queen Caroline, was a noted military leader. ... Combatants Royal Army Jacobite Forces Commanders William Augustus Bonnie Prince Charlie Strength ca. ...

In addition, the Forest Service noted that the settlement of Kentucky, while beginning before the American Revolution, grew dramatically after the war. Many of the early settlers had received land grants in reward for service during the war with the British. During this period of time, placenames with British connotations were out of favor, and various changes were made (for example, the Kentucky River had been called the Louisa River (or Levisa), after the wife of the Duke of Cumberland).

During the 1960s, a new movement to rename the national forest took place. The Kentucky Senate passed a resolution in 1966 urging the Forest Service to change to name to "Daniel Boone National Forest". In late 1966, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed a proclamation renaming the forest to "Daniel Boone National Forest".

In 1967, a large and disconnected addition to the national forest was created, called the Redbird Purchase Unit, after the key purchase from the Red Bird Timber Company.

Recent Controversies

Map of Daniel Boone National Forest as of March 15, 2006. The black line is the proclamation boundary. The green represents land managed by the Forest Service. White areas within the proclamation boundary are where warrant deed titles are privately held (or other entities; county state, school property etc. The inset map shows the ranger districts, including the relatively new Redbird District.

Less than half the land within the national forest proclamation boundary is owned by the Forest Service. The pattern of land ownership is highly fragmented. The boundaries of Forest Service owned lands are marked in various ways, including red paint on trees. As the Forest Service increases its land holdings over time, the boundaries shift, leading to some locals speaking of "red paint keeps getting closer to the back porch". Locals who don't like the way the Forest Service manages the national forest complain about the expanding boundary and dispute some border changes. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (580x740, 241 KB) [edit] Summary [edit] Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Daniel Boone National Forest Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (580x740, 241 KB) [edit] Summary [edit] Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Daniel Boone National Forest Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the...

There is no doubt that several impoverished landowners do not fight as the commercial value of small takings is far less than the cost to fight a protracted court battle with a federal agency and/or numerous environmental groups. Issues such as logging and wildlife protection have resulted in numerous lawsuits as well. Concerns have been raised with the promotion of large carnivore populations by some non-governmental organizations promoting the reintroduction and migration of cougar, bear, cayote, wolf, et cetera. On many commercially available maps the green area of the forest is depicted as solid but it is actually a patchwork of tracts intermingled with private, county and state properties which sometimes get shuffeled through swaps, barters and exchange or "purchase" (in a euphamistic use of the term). One example is the nearly unforrested quarry tracts swapped near Clearfield's Klack Mountain for land on the Licking River in Morgan County (a large swap which occured just a few years ago). Much controversy over logging and wildlife habitat has resulted in several lawsuits involving "management" of the public lands knicknamed "the boone" by enviromental activists; that tend to refer to the entire east half of the commonwealth/state when refering to the forest which was the footprint for the original "Cumberland National Forest" program from the United States Department of Agriculture as evidenced on older pre 1965 topographical series maps. Many members of the people may not realise that "payments in lue of property taxes" are made to the local governments to allow "management" of forest designated lands and create an interest in allowing takeover of any derilect tracts not of commercial value to increase local off-the-budget re-venues. Some vagueness in the state legislative process(or record) for the constitutional "ownership" of these lands in Kentucky was highlighted by the efforts of State Representive Perry Clark in the late 1990's reguarding his investigating along with "Take Back Kentucky" the "United Nations Man and the Biosphere project" and restricted land use associated with lands adjacent to such designated areas as Land Between The Lakes National Recreation Area and Mammoth Cave National Park as "Biosphere Reserves and "Core Areas". Rep. Perry Clark was not able to find in Frankfort constitutionally required state legislative permission for a "Article 1 Section 8 Clause 17" (from the federal constition, i.e.- forts magazines and other needful buildings without said state's permission) federal purchase and ownership of such lands within Kentucky. This is thought to be the reason for the use of the semantical "management" and "payments in lue of property taxes" phrases as technically "ownership" would be more in a nomen juris precise since "occupation" militarily, not constitutionally. A state resolution was passed in 1998 against the UN Man and the Biosphere Project by the state, one of the first in America. Loggers on break, c. ... The mouth of the Licking River, where it joins the Ohio River The Licking River is a tributary of the Ohio River, approximately 320 mi (515 km) long in northeastern Kentucky in the United States. ... Morgan County is a county located in the state of Kentucky. ... Look up habitat in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The U.S. Department of Agriculture, also called the Agriculture Department, or USDA, is a Cabinet department of the United States Federal Government. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Land Between the Lakes National Recreation Area is a United States National Recreation Area located in Kentucky and Tennessee between Lake Barkley and Kentucky Lake. ... Mammoth Cave National Park is a U.S. National Park in central Kentucky, encompassing portions of Mammoth Cave, the most extensive cave system known in the world. ...

References

• Daniel Boone National Forest. U.S. Forest Service. Retrieved on 2006-09-29.
• Collins, Robert F. "A History of the Daniel Boone National Forest 1770-1970". (Lexington: 1975)

2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 29 is the 272nd day of the year (273rd in leap years). ...

External links

• Daniel Boone National Forest home page