Daniil Kharms

Daniil Kharms (Russian: Даниил Иванович Хармс) (30 December 1905/Gregorian calendar: 12 January 1906 - 2 February 1942) was an early Soviet-era satirist who used a surrealist or absurdist style. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (637x1024, 92 KB) Краткое описание ru:Даниил Иванович Хармс (1905—1942) en:Daniil Kharms Лицензирование File links The following pages link to this file: Daniil Kharms Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (637x1024, 92 KB) Краткое описание ru:Даниил Иванович Хармс (1905—1942) en:Daniil Kharms Лицензирование File links The following pages link to this file: Daniil Kharms Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ... December 30 is the 364th day of the year (365th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 1 day remaining. ... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Gregorian calendar is the calendar that is used nearly everywhere in the world. ... January 12 is the 12th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... February 2 is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... State motto (Russian): Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! (Transliterated: Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes!) (Translated: Workers of the world, unite!) Capital Moscow Official language None; Russian (de facto) Government Federation of Socialist republics/ Communist state Area  - Total  - % water Largest on the planet 22,402,200 km² ?% Population  - Total  - Density 3rd before collapse 293,047,571 (July... List of satirists below - writers, cartoonists and others known for their involvement in satire - humourous social criticism. ... Surrealism is an artistic movement and an aesthetic philosophy that aims for the liberation of the mind by emphasizing the critical and imaginative powers of the subconscious. ... Absurdism is a philosophy, usually translated into different art forms, that holds that any attempt to understand the universe will fail. ...

Life

Born Daniil Ivanovich Yuvachev (Даниил Иванович Ювачёв) in St. Petersburg. he came up with the Kharms pseudonym while in high school at the prestigious German "Peterschule," probably under influence of his fascination with Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes. While there, he learned the rudimenst of both English and German. He also used pseudonyms of Khorms, Charms, Shardam etc. Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Arthur Conan Doyle Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle (May 22, 1859–July 7, 1930) was a Scottish author most famously known for his stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes, which are generally considered a major innovation in the field of crime fiction. ... Sherlock Holmes Sherlock Holmes (1854–1957, according to William S. Baring-Gould) is a fictional detective of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, created by Scottish author and physician Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. ...

In 1924, he entered the Leningrad electrotechnicum, from which he was expelled for "lack of activity in social activities." After his expulsion, he gave himself over entirely to literary activities.

In 1927, the Association of Writers of Children's Literature was formed, and Kharms was invited to be a member. From 1928 until 1941, Kharms continually produced children's works.

He was convicted of anti-Soviet activity and spent a year in prison in Kursk. During the Siege of Leningrad in 1941, Kharms was arrested for the second time on charge of being a defeatist. Kharms starved to death in prison in early 1942. Anti-Soviet refers to persons and activities actually or allegedly aimed against the Soviet Union or the Soviet power within the Soviet Union. ... The Christian Orthodox monastery on the Red Square Kursk (Russian: Курск; pronunciation: koorsk) is a city in Central Russia, an administrative center of Kursk Oblast. ... Barrage balloons in front of St. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Defeatism is acceptance and content with defeat without struggle. ... This article is about the year. ...

Works

Kharms' stories are typically brief vignettes, often only a few paragraphs long, in which scenes of poverty and deprivation alternate with fantastic, dreamlike occurrences and broad comedy. Occasionally they incorporate incongruous appearances by famous authors. The word vignette has several meanings, depending on the context. ...

Kharms' world is unpredictable and disordered; characters repeat the same actions many times in succession or otherwise behave irrationally; linear stories start to develop but are interrupted in midstream by inexplicable catastrophes that send them in completely different directions.

In 1920s, Kharms was one of the founders of OBERIU and one of the leaders of the Left Art. In the 1930s, as the mainstream Soviet literature was becoming more and more conservative under the guidelines of Socialist Realism, Kharms found refuge in children's literature. Many of his poems and short stories for children, published in the ChizhЧиж,Yozh Еж, Sverchok Сверчок and Oktyabryata Октябрята magazines, are considered classics of the genre and and his roughly twenty children's books are well known and loved by kids to this day. OBERIU (rus. ... // Events and trends The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the global depression. ... Roses for Stalin, Boris Vladimirski, 1949 Socialist realism is a teleologically-oriented style of realistic art which has as its purpose the furtherance of the goals of socialism and communism. ... // Basic characteristics There is some debate as to what constitutes childrens literature. ...

Kharms' adult works of that period were never published until they were picked by samizdat starting from the 1960s. A complete collection of his works was published in Bremen as four volumes, in 1978-1988. In Russia, Kharms works were widely published only from the late 1980s. Samizdat, book published by Pathfinder Press containing a collection of forbidden Trotskyist Samizdat texts. ... The 1960s in its most obvious sense refers to the decade between 1960 and 1969, but the expression has taken on a wider meaning over the past twenty years. ... Bremen lies in North Germany 50km South of the North Sea. ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1978 calendar). ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on a Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The 1980s in its most obvious sense refers to the decade between 1980 and 1989. ...

External links

• Biography, selected works, in English and Russian
• Selected short stories in English
• Selected short stories, poems, letters, biography and other information in Russian (some information in English as well)
• A comprehensive collection of works in Russian, also translations in English and German