The controversial cartoons of Muhammad, as they were first published in Jyllands-Posten in September 2005. Larger versions of the cartoons (some translated into English) are available off-site.

The Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy began after twelve editorial cartoons, most of which depicted the Islamic prophet Muhammad, were published in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten on 2005-09-30. The newspaper announced that this publication was an attempt to contribute to the debate regarding criticism of Islam and self-censorship. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (849x1200, 945 KB) Summary This is a reduced resolution version of a PDF newspaper page for an article on page three of Jyllands-Postens culture section KultureWeekend entitled Muhammeds ansigt from September 30, 2005 which sparked the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (849x1200, 945 KB) Summary This is a reduced resolution version of a PDF newspaper page for an article on page three of Jyllands-Postens culture section KultureWeekend entitled Muhammeds ansigt from September 30, 2005 which sparked the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad... Jyllands-Posten , full name: (help· info) (English: The Morning Newspaper / The Jutland Post), is Denmarks largest-selling daily newspaper. ... William Lyon Mackenzie King is freed from his Conscription promise by Johnny Canuck. ... For other persons named Muhammad, see Muhammad (name). ... Jyllands-Posten , full name: (help· info) (English: The Morning Newspaper / The Jutland Post), is Denmarks largest-selling daily newspaper. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Criticism of Islam has existed since Islams formative stages, as with many other religions, on philosophical, scientific, ethical, political and theological grounds. ... Self-censorship is the act of censoring and/or classifying ones own book(s), film(s), or other kind of art to avoid offending others without an authority pressuring them to do so. ...

Danish Muslim organizations, who objected to the depictions, responded by holding public protests attempting to raise awareness of Jyllands-Posten's publication. The controversy deepened when further examples of the cartoons were reprinted in newspapers in more than fifty other countries. This led to numerous protests, including violent rioting particularly in the Muslim world. Look up Controversy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This is a list of newspapers that have reprinted the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons or printed new cartoons depicting Muhammad in response to the controversy. ... Nations with a Muslim majority appear in green, while nations that are approximately 50% Muslim appear yellow. ...

Critics of the cartoons described them as Islamophobic or racist,^[1] and argue that they are blasphemous to people of the Muslim faith, intended to humiliate a Danish minority, or are a manifestation of ignorance about the history of western imperialism, from colonialism to the current conflicts in the Middle East.^[2] Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Kahanism Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights · Gay rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Mens rights Childrens rights · Youth rights Disability... 1. ... Look up blasphemy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The term Western World or the West (also on rare occasions called the Occident) can have multiple meanings depending on its context (i. ... // Cecil Rhodes: Cape-Cairo railway project. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... In the last 60 years, there have been a number of conflicts in the Middle East. ...

Supporters of the cartoons said they've illustrated an important issue in a period of Islamist terrorism and that their publication is a legitimate exercise of the right of free speech. They also claim that similar cartoons about other religions are frequently printed, arguing that the followers of Islam were not targeted in a discriminatory way.^[3] This article contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ... Freedom of speech is the right to freely say what one pleases, as well as the related right to hear what others have stated. ... Islam (Arabic:  ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the teachings of Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure. ... Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Fundamentalism · Kahanism Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights · Gay rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Mens rights Childrens rights · Youth rights...

Danish Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen described the controversy as Denmark's worst international crisis since World War II.^[4] This is a list over the heads of government in Denmark, from the establishment of a constitutional monarchy in 1849 until present. ... Anders Fogh Rasmussen , also: (born January 26, 1953) is the current Prime Minister of Denmark (in Danish Statsminister, meaning State Minister). ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

Descriptions of the drawings

Main article: Descriptions of the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons

Some of the cartoons can be difficult to fully understand for those without knowledge of certain Danish language metaphors or awareness of individuals of note to the Danish public. Furthermore, certain cartoons have captions written in Danish and one in Persian. Detailed descriptions of the cartoons and translations of the captions as well as explanations concerning Danish cultural references are provided here. Below are descriptions of the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad drawings that were the center of the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy. ...

Timeline

Main article: Timeline of the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy

This is the timeline of the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy. ...

Debate about self-censorship

On September 17, 2005, the Danish newspaper Politiken ran an article under the headline "Dyb angst for kritik af islam" ^[5] ("Profound fear of criticism of Islam"). The article discussed the difficulty encountered by the writer Kåre Bluitgen, who was initially unable to find an illustrator who was prepared to work with Bluitgen on his children's book Koranen og profeten Muhammeds liv (English: The Qur'an and the life of the Prophet Muhammad ISBN 87-638-0049-7). Three artists declined Bluitgen's proposal before one agreed to assist anonymously. According to Bluitgen: Jyllands-Posten , full name: (help· info) (English: The Morning Newspaper / The Jutland Post), is Denmarks largest-selling daily newspaper. ... Islamic Society in Denmark is a Danish organization led by Ahmad Abu Laban, with approximately 15,000 members (2005). ... Nations with a Muslim majority appear in green, while nations that are approximately 50% Muslim appear yellow. ... September 17 is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Politiken building on Copenhagen city square Politiken is a Danish daily broadsheet newspaper, published by JP/Politikens Hus, one of Denmarks leading media companies. ... KÃ¥re Bluitgen (born May 10th, 1959) is a Danish writer and political commentater. ... An illustrator is a graphic artist who specializes in enhancing written text by providing a visual representation that corresponds to the content of the associated text. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... The Qurān [1] (Arabic: ‎, literally the recitation; also called ‎ The Noble Qurān; also transliterated as Quran, Koran, and Al-Quran) is the central religious text of Islam. ...

One [artist declined], with reference to the murder in Amsterdam of the film director Theo van Gogh, while another [declined, citing the attack on] the lecturer at the Carsten Niebuhr Institute in Copenhagen.^[5] Theo van Gogh (IPA pronunciation: ) (July 23, 1957 – November 2, 2004) was a Dutch film director, television producer, publicist and actor. ... Carsten Niebuhr Carsten Niebuhr (March 17, 1733 - April 26, 1815) was a German traveller. ...

In October 2004, a lecturer at the Niebuhr institute at the University of Copenhagen had been assaulted by five assailants who opposed his reading the Qur'an to non-Muslims during a lecture.^[6] The University of Copenhagen (Danish: Københavns Universitet) is the oldest and largest university and research institution in Copenhagen, Denmark. ... The Qurān [1] (Arabic: ‎, literally the recitation; also called ‎ The Noble Qurān; also transliterated as Quran, Koran, and Al-Quran) is the central religious text of Islam. ...

The refusal of the first three artists to participate was seen as evidence of self-censorship and led to much debate in Denmark, with other examples for similar reasons soon emerging. Comedian Frank Hvam declared that he would (hypothetically) dare to urinate on the Bible on television, but not on the Qur'an.^[7][8] The translators of an essay collection critical of Islam also wished to remain anonymous due to concerns about violent reprisals.^{[citation needed]} Self-censorship is the act of censoring and/or classifying ones own book(s), film(s), or other kind of art to avoid offending others without an authority pressuring them to do so. ... Frank Hvam (born September 12, 1970 in Viborg) is a Danish stand-up-comedian. ...

Publication of the cartoons

Wikinews has previous reports related to this article:

• Eleven die in Libya over Muhammad cartoon T-shirt
• Israeli group announces anti-semitic cartoons contest
• Protest held against Muhammad caricatures in Paris
• French satirical weekly reprints caricatures
• 700,000 march in Beirut; Hezbollah leader lambasts Bush and Rice
• Jyllands-Posten reconsiders printing holocaust denial cartoons
• Hamshari newspaper plans cartoon response
• Danish mission in Beirut set ablaze
• Danish and Austrian embassies in Tehran attacked
• New Zealand newspapers publish "Mohammad Cartoons"
• Danish and Norwegian embassies set on fire
• Manipulation alleged in the "Mohammad Cartoons" affair
• Darfur declares Swedish Foreign Minister unwelcome

On September 30, 2005, the daily newspaper Jyllands-Posten ("The Jutland Post") published an article entitled "Muhammeds ansigt"^[9] ("The face of Muhammad"). The article consisted of twelve cartoons (of which only some depicted Muhammad) and an explanatory text, in which Flemming Rose, Jyllands-Posten's culture editor, commented: Image File history File links Wikinews-logo. ... Wikinews is a free-content news source and a project of the Wikimedia Foundation. ... September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jutland Peninsula Jutland (Danish: Jylland; German: Jütland; Frisian Jutlân; Low German Jötlann) is a peninsula in northern Europe that forms the only non-insular part of Denmark and also the northernmost part of Germany, dividing the North Sea from the Baltic Sea. ... Flemming Rose Flemming Rose (born March 11, 1958) is a Danish journalist, author and the current cultural editor at the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten. ...

The modern, secular society is rejected by some Muslims. They demand a special position, insisting on special consideration of their own religious feelings. It is incompatible with contemporary democracy and freedom of speech, where you must be ready to put up with insults, mockery and ridicule. It is certainly not always attractive and nice to look at, and it does not mean that religious feelings should be made fun of at any price, but that is of minor importance in the present context. [...] we are on our way to a slippery slope where no-one can tell how the self-censorship will end. That is why Morgenavisen Jyllands-Posten has invited members of the Danish editorial cartoonists union to draw Muhammad as they see him. [...] Secularity is the state of being without religious or spiritual qualities. ... Contemporary is an adjective which in its basic form merely means that two individuals, events or movements overlapped in time. ...

– ^[9]

After the invitation from Jyllands-Posten to around forty different artists to give their interpretation of Muhammad, twelve caricaturists chose to respond with a drawing each. Many also commented on the surrounding self-censorship debate. Three of these twelve cartoons were illustrated by Jyllands-Posten's own staff, including the "bomb" and "niqaab" cartoons. A caricaturist is an artist who specializes in drawing caricatures. ...

On February 19, Rose explained his intent further In the Washington Post: February 19 is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

The cartoonists treated Islam the same way they treat Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism and other religions. And by treating Muslims in Denmark as equals they made a point: We are integrating you into the Danish tradition of satire because you are part of our society, not strangers. The cartoons are including, rather than excluding, Muslims.

– ^[8]

In October 2005, the Danish daily Politiken polled thirty-one of the forty-three members of the Danish cartoonist association. Twenty-three said they would be willing to draw Muhammad. One had doubts, one would not be willing because of fear of possible reprisals and six cartoonists would not be willing because they respected the Muslim ban on depicting the prophet. Fifteen of the thirty-one cartoonists rejected Jyllands-Posten's project.^[10] Politiken building on Copenhagen city square Politiken is a Danish daily broadsheet newspaper, published by JP/Politikens Hus, one of Denmarks leading media companies. ...

Danish Prime Minister's meeting refusal

Having received petitions from Danish imams, eleven ambassadors from Muslim-majority countries asked for a meeting with Danish Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen in 12 October 2005, in order to discuss what they perceived as an "on-going smearing campaign in Danish public circles and media against Islam and Muslims". In a letter, the ambassadors mentioned not only the issue of the Muhammad cartoons, but also a recent indictment against Radio Holger,^[11] and statements by MP Louise Frevert^[12] and the Minister of Culture, Brian Mikkelsen.^[13] It concluded: Criticism of Islam has existed since Islams formative stages, as with many other religions, on philosophical, scientific, ethical, political and theological grounds. ... This is a sub-article to Criticism of Islam and Non-Muslim view of Muhammad Muslims consider Muhammad to be the final and greatest prophet, the messenger of the final revelation that he called the Qur’an. ... This is a sub-article to Criticism of Islam and Quran. ... Political Ideologies Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      This article is about political Islamism. ... Qutbism is the Islamic strain of thought and activism, or ideology, based on the thought and writings of Sayyid Qutb. ... Jihad, sometimes spelled Jahad, Jehad, Jihaad, Jiaad, Djihad, or Cihad, (Arabic: ‎ ) as an Islamic term, literally means struggle in the way of God or striving hard in Gods cause and is sometimes referred to as the sixth pillar of Islam, although it occupies no official status as such in... This article covers: The prevalence of antisemitism amongst Muslims - and whether it is more or less common than amongst people of other religions. ... Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Kahanism Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights · Gay rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Mens rights Childrens rights · Youth rights Disability... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... This article is about dhimmi in the context of Islamic law. ... Conflicts between Muslims and non-Muslims made the persecution of both Muslims and non-Muslims a recurring phenomenon during the history of Islam. ... This article contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ... The factual accuracy of this article is disputed. ... A sequential look at United Flight 175 crashing into the south tower of the World Trade Center The September 11, 2001 attacks (often referred to as 9/11—pronounced nine eleven or nine one one) consisted of a series of coordinated terrorist[1] suicide attacks upon the United States, predominantly... Detainees upon arrival at Camp X-Ray, January 2002 Guantánamo Bay detainment camp serves as a joint military prison and interrogation camp under the leadership of Joint Task Force Guantanamo (JTF-GTMO) and has occupied a portion of the United States Navys base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba since... Protests in Islamabad, Pakistan, following allegations that U.S. military personnel had desecrated the Quran The Quran desecration controversy of 2005 captured international attention in April 2005 when Newsweek published an article containing allegations that U.S. personnel at the Guantánamo Bay prison camp had deliberately damaged... Police observing crowds prior to confrontations The 2005 Cronulla riots were a series of ethnically motivated mob confrontations which originated in and around Cronulla, a beachfront suburb of Sydney, Australias largest city. ... Norman Kember and Harmeet Singh Sooden were held hostage, as depicted here on Al Jazeera television. ... Screenshot of Olaf Wiig (left) and Steve Centanni (right) in tape released after capture Fox News Channel journalists Olaf Wiig, a New Zealander photojournalist, and Steve Centanni, an American reporter, were kidnapped in the Gaza Strip by the Holy Jihad Brigades, a previously unknown group of Palestinian militants, from their... Pope Benedict XVI, January 2006 The Pope Benedict XVI Islam controversy arose from a lecture delivered on 12 September 2006 by Pope Benedict XVI at the University of Regensburg in Germany. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Islamic Cultural Revolution was when the universities were shut down after the Islamic Revolution in 1979 in Iran for about two years to purge them of Western influences and bring them in line with Islam. ... Jerry Klein of WMAL 630 AM Radio On Nov. ... The French law on secularity and conspicuous religious symbols in schools bans wearing conspicuous religious symbols in French public (i. ... The Flying Imams controversy is a controversy concerning the removal of six Muslim imams from US Airways Flight 300, from Minneapolis, Minnesota to Phoenix, Arizona, at 6:30 PM on November 20, 2006. ... The Imam Rapito affair refers to the ongoing exposé in the Italian press, notably in the newspapers Corriere della Sera and Repubblica, regarding the events surrounding the abduction of Egyptian cleric (and alleged former Albanian national intelligence service asset) Hassan Mustafa Osama Nasr, also known as Abu Omar, from the... Theo van Gogh (IPA pronunciation: ) (July 23, 1957 – November 2, 2004) was a Dutch film director, television producer, publicist and actor. ... Dr. Mohammad Najibullah (Pashto/Persian: ‎ ; born 1947, died September 27, 1996) was the fourth and last President of the communist Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. ... Ahmad Kasravi Tabrizi (b. ... This list of Guantanamo Bay detainees is compiled from various sources. ... Babar Ahmad (b. ... Moazzam Begg before speaking at a meeting about civil liberties Moazzam Begg (born 1968) is one of nine British men who were held at Camp X-Ray, Guantanamo Bay by the government of the United States of America. ... Ibn Warraq is the pen name of an author of several books on Islam. ... Anders Fogh Rasmussen , also: (born January 26, 1953) is the current Prime Minister of Denmark (in Danish Statsminister, meaning State Minister). ... October 12 is the 285th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (286th in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Radio Holger is a Danish right-wing radio station, some would even go as far as calling it a neo-nazi radio station. ... Louise Frevert (born May 31, 1953 in Frederiksberg) is a Danish member of the Danish parlaiment. ... Brian Mikkelsen Brian Arthur Mikkelsen (born January 31, 1966) has been the Danish Culture Minister since 27 November 2001, as member of the Cabinet of Anders Fogh Rasmussen I and II. He is a member of the Conservative Peoples Party, and has been a member of parliament (Folketinget) since...

We deplore these statements and publications and urge Your Excellency’s government to take all those responsible to task under law of the land in the interest of inter-faith harmony, better integration and Denmark's overall relations with the Muslim world.

– ^[14]

The government answered the ambassadors' request for a meeting with Rasmussen with a letter only: "The freedom of expression has a wide scope and the Danish government has no means of influencing the press. However, Danish legislation prohibits acts or expressions of blasphemous or discriminatory nature. The offended party may bring such acts or expressions to court, and it is for the courts to decide in individual cases."^[15]

The ambassadors maintained that they had never asked for Jyllands-Posten to be prosecuted; possibly, the non-technical phrase of the letter, "to take NN to task under law", meant something like "to hold NN responsible within the limits of the law".^[16] Rasmussen replied: "Even a non-judicial intervention against Jyllands-Posten would be impossible within our system".^[17]

The Egypt Minister of Foreign Affairs, Aboul Gheit, wrote several letters to the Prime Minister of Denmark and to the United Nations Secretary-General explaining that they did not want the Prime Minister to prosecute Jyllands-Posten; they only wanted "an official Danish statement underlining the need for and the obligation of respecting all religions and desisting from offending their devotees to prevent an escalation which would have serious and far-reaching consequences".^[18] Subsequently, the Egyptian government played a leading role in defusing the issue in the Middle East.^[19] This article does not cite its references or sources. ...

The refusal to meet the ambassadors has been criticized by the Danish political opposition, twenty-two Danish ex-ambassadors,^[20] and former Minister of Foreign Affairs, Uffe Ellemann-Jensen.^{[citation needed]} Uffe Ellemann-Jensen (b. ...

Judicial investigation of Jyllands-Posten

On October 27, 2005, a number of Muslim organizations filed a complaint with the Danish police claiming that Jyllands-Posten had committed an offence under section 140 and 266b of the Danish Criminal Code.^[21] October 27 is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 65 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Danish penalty law (Danish: Straffeloven) is the codification of the central legal text and constitutes the foundation of the Kingdom of Denmarks criminal law. ...

• Section 140^[22] of the Criminal Code, known as the blasphemy law, prohibits disturbing public order by publicly ridiculing or insulting the dogmas of worship of any lawfully existing religious community in Denmark. Only one case has ever resulted in a sentence, a 1938 case involving an anti-Semitic group. The most recent case was in 1971 when a program director of Danmarks Radio was charged, but found not guilty.^[23]
• Section 266b^[24] criminalises insult, threat or degradation of natural persons, by publicly and with malice attacking their race, color of skin, national or ethnical roots, faith or sexual orientation.

On 6 January 2006, the Regional Public Prosecutor in Viborg discontinued the investigation as he found no basis for concluding that the cartoons constituted a criminal offence. His reason is based on his finding that the article concerns a subject of public interest and, further, on Danish case law which extends editorial freedom to journalists when it comes to a subject of public interest. He stated that, in assessing what constitutes an offence, the right to freedom of speech must be taken into consideration. He stated that the right to freedom of speech must be exercised with the necessary respect for other human rights, including the right to protection against discrimination, insult and degradation, but no apparent violation of the law had occurred.^[21] In a new hearing, the Director of Public Prosecutors in Denmark agreed.^[25] Danmarks Radio (normally referred to as just DR) is Denmarks national broadcasting corporation. ... In jurisprudence, a natural person is a human being perceptible through the senses and subject to physical laws, as opposed to an artificial person, i. ... Malice is a legal term referring to a partys intention to do injury to another party. ... January 6 is the 6th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 359 days (360 in leap years) remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Viborg, is a town located in central Jutland, Denmark. ...

Danish Imams tour the Middle East

Main article: Akkari-Laban dossier

A group of Danish imams, dissatisfied with the reaction of the Danish Government and Jyllands-Posten created a forty-three-page document entitled, "Dossier about championing the prophet Muhammad peace be upon him."^[26] This consisted of several letters from Muslim organisations explaining their case, citing the Jyllands-Posten cartoons but also the following causes of "pain and torment" for the authors: The Akkari-Laban dossier is a 43 page document which was created by a group of Danish Muslim clerics from multiple organizations set out to present their case and ask for support in the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

1. Pictures from another Danish newspaper, Weekendavisen, which they called "even more offending" (than the original twelve cartoons);
2. Hate-mail pictures and letters that the dossier's authors alleged were sent to Muslims in Denmark, said to be indicative of the rejection of Muslims by the Danish;
3. A televised interview discussing Islam with Dutch member of parliament and Islam critic Hirsi Ali, who had received the Freedom Prize "for her work to further freedom of speech and the rights of women" from the Danish Liberal Party represented by Anders Fogh Rasmussen.

Appended to the dossier were multiple clippings from Jyllands-Posten, multiple clippings from Weekendavisen, some clippings from Arabic-language papers, and three additional images. Weekendavisen (literally: The Weekly Newspaper) is a Danish weekly broadsheet newspaper published on Fridays. ... Ayaan Hirsi Ali ( ; Somali: ; born Ayaan Hirsi Magan 13 November 1969[1] in Mogadishu, Somalia) is a Dutch feminist and political writer, daughter of the Somali warlord Hirsi Magan Isse. ... Venstre (in Danish literally: Left) is in electoral size the largest political party in Denmark, ideologically based on free market Liberalism, now a right-of-centre party. ...

French pig-squealing contestant from the imams' dossier. Original caption included in the dossier: "Here is the real image of Muhammad."

The group of imams said that the three additional images were sent anonymously by mail to Muslims who were participating in an online debate on Jyllands-Posten,^[27] and were circulated to illustrate the atmosphere of Islamophobia in which they lived.^[28] On February 1 BBC World incorrectly reported that one of them had been published in Jyllands-Posten.^[29] This image was later found to be a wire-service photo of a contestant at a French pig-squealing contest.^[30][31] One of the other two additional images (a photo) portrayed a Muslim being mounted by a dog while praying, and the other (a cartoon) portrayed Muhammad as a demonic pedophile. Equipped with the dossier, the group of imams set out for a tour of the Middle East to present their case to many influential religious and political leaders, and to ask for support.^[32] Image File history File linksMetadata Pig_person. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Pig_person. ... February 1 is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... BBC World is the BBCs 24-hour international news and information television channel, launched in January 1995. ...

The dossier contains such statements as the following:

• We urge you [recipient of the letter or dossier] to — on the behalf of thousands of believing Muslims — to give us the opportunity of having a constructive contact with the press and particularly with the relevant decision makers, not briefly, but with a scientific methodology and a planned and long-term programme seeking to make views approach each other and remove misunderstandings between the two parties involved. Since we do not wish for Muslims to be accused of being backward and narrow, likewise we do not wish for Danes to be accused of ideological arrogance either. When this relationship is back on its track, the result will bring satisfaction, an underpinning of security and the stable relations, and a flourishing Denmark for all that live here.
• The faithful in their religion (Muslims) suffer under a number of circumstances, first and foremost the lack of official recognition of the Islamic faith. This has led to a lot of problems, especially the lack of right to build mosques [...]
• Even though they [the Danes] belong to the Christian faith, the secularizations have overcome them, and if you say that they are all infidels, then you are not wrong.
• We [Muslims] do not need lessons in democracy, but it is actually us, who through our deeds and speeches educate the whole world in democracy.
• This [Europe's] dictatorial way of using democracy is completely unacceptable.

The inclusion in the dossier of the cartoons from Weekendavisen was possibly a misunderstanding, as these were more likely intended as parodies of the pompousness of Jyllands-Posten's cartoons than as comments on the prophet in their own right.^[33] They consist of reproductions of works such as the Mona Lisa (caption: For centuries, a previously unknown society has known that this is a painting of the Prophet, and guarded this secret. The back page's anonymous artist is doing everything he can to reveal this secret in his contribution. He has since then been forced to go underground, fearing for the wrath of a crazy albino imam). This is an obvious parody of the Da Vinci Code. Mona Lisa, or La Gioconda (La Joconde), is a 16th century oil painting on poplar wood by Leonardo da Vinci, and is one of the most famous paintings in the world. ... The Da Vinci Code book cover The Da Vinci Code is a novel written by American author Dan Brown and published in 2003 by Doubleday Fiction (ISBN 0385504209). ...

At a 6 December 2005 summit of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, with many heads of state in attendance, the dossier was handed around on the sidelines first,^[34] and eventually an official communiqué was issued, demanding that the United Nations impose international sanctions upon Denmark.^[35] December 6 is the 340th day (341st on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The flag of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) The Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) is an inter-governmental organization with a Permanent Delegation to the United Nations. ... The foundation of the U.N. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ... International sanctions are actions taken by countries against others for political reasons, either unilaterally or multilaterally. ...

Jyllands-Posten response

In response to protests from Muslim groups, Jyllands-Posten published two open letters on its website, each of them in a Danish and an Arabic version.^[36] The second letter, dated 30 January 2006, also has an English version:^[37] Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... January 30 is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

In our opinion, the 12 drawings were sober. They were not intended to be offensive, nor were they at variance with Danish law, but they have indisputably offended many Muslims for which we apologize.

On February 26, the cartoonist who had drawn the bomb in turban picture, the most controversial of the twelve, explained: February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

There are interpretations of it [the drawing] that are incorrect. The general impression among Muslims is that it is about Islam as a whole. It is not. It is about certain fundamentalist aspects, that of course are not shared by everyone. But the fuel for the terrorists’ acts stem from interpretations of Islam. [...] if parts of a religion develop in a totalitarian and aggressive direction, then I think you have to protest. We did so under the other 'isms.

– ^[38]

Reprinting in other newspapers

El Fagr's October 17, 2005 headline page.

Further information: List of newspapers that reprinted Jyllands-Posten's Muhammad cartoons

In 2005, the Muhammad cartoons controversy received only minor media attention outside of Denmark. Six of the cartoons were first reprinted by the Egyptian newspaper El Fagr on October 17, 2005,^[39][40] along with an article strongly denouncing them, but publication did not provoke any condemnations or other reactions from religious or government authorities. Between October 2005 and the end of January 2006, examples of the cartoons were reprinted in major European newspapers from the Netherlands, Germany, Scandinavia, Belgium and France. Very soon after, as protests grew, there were further re-publications around the globe, but primarily in continental Europe. Image File history File linksMetadata Page-1-of-El-Fagr. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Page-1-of-El-Fagr. ... El Fagr is an Egyptian newspaper, based in Cairo. ... October 17 is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This is a list of newspapers that have reprinted the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons or printed new cartoons depicting Muhammad in response to the controversy. ... El Fagr is an Egyptian newspaper, based in Cairo. ... October 17 is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is 150 kilobytes or more in size. ... Scandinavia is a historical and geographical region centered on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. ...

Notable for a lack of republication of the cartoons were most major newspapers in the USA^[41] and the United Kingdom,^[42] where editorials covered the story without including them. Several newspapers were closed and editors fired or arrested for their decision or intention to re-publish the cartoons, including the shutting down of a 60 year old Malaysian newspaper permanently. This is a list of newspapers that have reprinted the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons or printed new cartoons depicting Muhammad in response to the controversy. ... The Sarawak Tribune is a Malaysian newspaper that was published in Kuching, Sibu and Bintulu, in Sarawak, Malaysia. ...

Economic and human costs

Main article: Economic and human costs of the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy

Map shows a colored matrix of republication (blue) and violence (red)

A consumer boycott was organised in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and other Middle East countries.^[43] For weeks, numerous notable demonstrations and other protests against the cartoons took place worldwide. Rumours spread via SMS and word-of-mouth.^[44]On February 4, 2006, the Danish and Norwegian embassies in Syria were set ablaze, though with no injuries. In Beirut, the Danish Embassy was set on fire,^[45] leaving one protester dead.^[46] Altogether, at least 139 people were killed in protests,^[47] mainly in Nigeria, Libya, Pakistan and Afghanistan. // Human costs Andrea Santoro, an Italian Catholic priest, was killed on February 5, 2006 in Trabzon, Turkey. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1357x628, 43 KB)Image based on data prior to February 20, 2006. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1357x628, 43 KB)Image based on data prior to February 20, 2006. ... Look up Boycott in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... SMS arrival notification on a Siemens phone Received and displayed SMS message on a Motorola RAZR handset. ... February 4 is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For other uses, see Beirut (disambiguation). ... Seal on the building of German Embassies. ...

Several death threats and reward offers for killing those responsible for the cartoons have been made,^[48] resulting in the cartoonists going into hiding.^[49]. Four ministers have resigned amidst the controversy, among them Roberto Calderoli and Laila Freivalds.^[50] In India, Haji Yaqoob Qureishi, a minister in Uttar Pradesh state government announced in February 2006 a cash reward of Rs 51 crore (roughly about US$11 million) for anyone who beheads the Danish cartoonist who caricatured Prophet Mohammad.^{[51] [52][53]} Condoleezza Rice, Secretary of State of the United States of America has accused Iran and Syria of organizing many of the recent protests in Iran, Syria and Lebanon.^[54][55] This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... Roberto Calderoli is an Italian politician, currently the Reforms Minister, member of the Lega Nord. ... Laila Freivalds Photo: Magnus Fröderberg/norden. ... Uttar Pradesh (Hindi: , Urdu: ‎, translation: Northern Province, IPA: ,  ), also popularly known by its abbreviation U.P., is the most populous and fifth largest state in the Republic of India. ... Government-organized demonstrations or state demonstrations are demonstrations whereat government employees march and protest on behalf and at the behest of the government in civilian clothes. ...

The Western media dubbed the series of demonstrations organized in February 2006 by certain Middle Eastern governments and radical clerics as the "Cartoon Intifada".^[56]

On September 9, 2006, it was announced that the Muslim boycott of Danish goods had reduced exports to the Muslim world by 15.5%, costing about €134 million.^[57] However, the Guardian newspaper in the UK also reported, "While Danish milk products were dumped in the Middle East, fervent rightwing [sic] Americans started buying Bang & Olufsen stereos and Lego. In the first quarter of this year Denmark’s exports to the US soared 17%."^[58]
September 9 is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

Further police investigations

• The French/Algerian journalist Mohammed Sifaoui ^[59] secretly filmed^[60][61] Ahmed Akkari, spokesman for the group of Danish Imams that toured the Middle East, in conversation with Sheikh Raed Hlayhel (head of the 2nd delegation), threatening to have MP Naser Khader bombed. Ahmad Abu Laban was also filmed, talking about a man who wants "to wreak absolute havoc" and "wants to join the fray and turn it into a Martyr operation right now."^[62] Akkari initially denied the remarks, then explained he was only joking.^[63] Both men were investigated, but no charges were brought.

• Police in Berlin overwhelmed Amer Cheema, a student from Pakistan, as he entered the office building of Die Welt newspaper, armed with a large knife. Cheema admitted to trying to kill editor Roger Köppel for reprinting the Mohammad cartoons in the newspaper. On May 1, 2006, Cheema committed suicide in his prison cell. Cheema's family and Pakistani media claim he was tortured to death.^[64] 50,000 people attended Cheema's funeral near Lahore^[65].

• Two suitcase bombs were discovered in trains near the German towns of Dortmund and Koblenz, undetonated due to an assembly error. Video footage from Cologne train station, where the bombs were put on the trains, led to the arrest of two Lebanese students in Germany, Youssef el-Hajdib and Jihad Hamad, and subsequently of three suspected co-conspirators in Lebanon^[66]. On 1 September 2006, Jörg Ziercke, head of the Bundeskriminalamt (Federal Police), reports that the suspects saw the Muhammad cartoons as an "assault by the West on Islam" and the "initial spark" for the attack, originally planned to coincide with the 2006 Football World Cup in Germany.^[67][68] One of the suspects, Youssef el-Hajdib, was arrested heading to Denmark. Police found the phone number of Abu Bashar, the leader of the Danish Imams' first cartoon-related delegation to the Middle East, in Hadjib's pockets. Abu Bashar denies knowing al-Hajdib.^[69]

A Danish imam who became famous for his involvement [1] in the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy. ... Naser Khader Naser Khader (born July 1, 1963 in Damascus, Syria) is a member of the Parliament of Denmark for Radikale Venstre. ... Ahmad Abu Laban being interviewed by FOX TV (2006) Ahmad Abu Laban (Arabic: أحمد أبو لبن) (born 1946, Jaffa, Palestine) is the leader of the organisation called the Islamic Society in Denmark. ... A suicide attack is an attack in which the attacker (attacker being either an individual or a group) intends to kill others and intends to die in the process of doing so (see suicide). ... A joke is a short story or series of words spoken or communicated with the intent of being laughed at or found humorous by either listener/reader or performer/writer. ... Berlin is the capital city and one of the sixteen states of the Federal Republic of Germany. ... Amir Abdur Rehman Cheema, a 28-year-old Pakistani student, died on 4th May 2006, in Moabit prison in Berlin, in German police custody, soon after he planned to attack (or attempted to attack? [citation needed]) the editor of Die Welt, which published cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad. ... Die Welt is a German national daily newspaper published by the Axel Springer company. ... May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Lahore (Urdu: لاہور, Punjabi: لہور) is the capital of the province of Punjab, and the second most populated city in Pakistan, also known as the Gardens of the Mughals or City of Gardens, after the significant rich heritage of the Mughal Empire. ... Suitcase with hypothetical nuclear weapon mock-up inside A suitcase bomb is a bomb which uses a suitcase as its delivery method. ... Dortmund is a city in Germany, located in the Bundesland of North Rhine-Westphalia, in the Ruhr area. ... Map of the Koblenz region Koblenz (also Coblenz in pre-1926 German spellings; French Coblence) is a city situated on both banks of the Rhine at its confluence with the Moselle, where the Deutsches Eck (German Corner) and its monument ( Emperor William I on horseback) are situated. ... For other uses, see Cologne (disambiguation). ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... The Bundeskriminalamt, or BKA (in English, Federal Criminal Office, or Federal Criminal Bureau), is a federal police agency in both Germany and Austria. ... For the video game by EA see 2006 FIFA World Cup (video game). ...

Anniversary flare-up

Wikinews has news related to:

New agitations over cartoons of Prophet Mohammed

One year after the publication of the original cartoons, a video surfaced showing members of the Danish People's Party's youth wing engaged in a contest of drawing pictures that insult Muhammad. This led to renewed tension between the Islamic world and Denmark,^[70] with the OIC and many countries weighing in. The Danish government condemned the youths. The youths who were depicted on the video went into hiding after receiving death threats. Image File history File links WikiNews-Logo. ... Wikinews is a free-content news source and a project of the Wikimedia Foundation. ... The Danish Peoples Party (Danish: Dansk Folkeparti) is a social conservative and nationalist political party in Denmark. ...

Two weeks into this episode, a Danish artists' group, "Defending Denmark", claimed responsibility for the video and said it had infiltrated the Danish People's Party Youth for 18 months claiming "to document (their) extreme right wing associations".^[71] Look up artist in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... See: espionage, urban exploration, entryism, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning. ...

A few days later a new episode surfaced, when a member of the Social-liberal youth movement stated, that members of the movement had also drawn pictures of Muhammad during a weekend meeting. RU logo Radikal Ungdom af 1994 (Literally: Radical Youth of 1994), the youth wing of the Danish political party Det Radikale Venstre. ...

All four videos of the controversy can be seen here.

Opinions and issues

See also: Opinions on the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy

See also: International reactions to the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy

// Opinions in Denmark A poll on January 29, from Epinion for Danmarks Radio, the national broadcasting company of Denmark, showed that of 579 Danes asked, 79% believe that the Prime Minister of Denmark should not apologize to the Muslims, with 48% citing that would be political interference with the freedom... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require restructuring. ...

Danish journalistic tradition

Freedom of speech was obtained in a new Danish constitution^[72] in 1849, and has been defended vigorously ever since. It was suspended for the duration of the German occupation of Denmark in World War II. Freedom of expression is also protected by the European Convention on Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Headquarters of the Schalburgkorps, a Danish SS unit, after 1943. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, also known as the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), was adopted under the auspices of the Council of Europe[1] in 1950 to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms. ... The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights is a United Nations treaty based on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, created in 1966 and entered into force on 23 March 1976. ...

The Danish newspapers are privately owned and independent from the government, and Danish freedom of expression is quite far-reaching, even by Western standards. In the past, this has provoked official protests from Germany about printing neo-nazi propaganda, and from Russia for "solidarity with terrorists."^[73] The organization Reporters Without Borders ranks Denmark at the top of its Worldwide Press Freedom Index for 2005.^[74] The terms Neo-Nazism and Neo-Fascism refer to any social or political movement to revive Nazism or Fascism, respectively, and postdates the Second World War. ... Reporters Without Borders, or RWB (French: Reporters sans frontières, Spanish: Reporteros Sin Fronteras, or RSF) is a French origin international non-governmental organization that advocates freedom of the press, founded by its current general-secretary, Robert Menard. ...

Religion is often portrayed in ways that other societies consider illegal blasphemy.^[75][76][77] While Jyllands-Posten has published satirical cartoons depicting Christian figures,^[78] it did, in 2003, reject unsolicited surreal cartoons depicting Jesus,^[79] opening them to accusations of a double standard.^[80] In February 2006, Jyllands-Posten also refused to publish Holocaust denial cartoons offered by an Iranian newspaper.^[81][82] Six of the less controversial entries were later published by Dagbladet Information, after the editors consulted the main rabbi in Copenhagen,^[83] and three cartoons were in fact later reprinted in Jyllands-Posten.^[84][85] After the competition had finished, Jyllands-Posten also reprinted the winning and runner-up cartoons.^[86] Jyllands-Posten , full name: (help· info) (English: The Morning Newspaper / The Jutland Post), is Denmarks largest-selling daily newspaper. ... 1867 edition of the satirical magazine Punch, a British satirical magazine, ground-breaking on popular literature satire. ... This photograph, a cow with antlers standing on a pole, is an example of surreal humour. ... A double standard, according to the World Book Dictionary, is a standard applied more leniently to one group than to another. ... Cartoons by Iranian cartoonist Maziyar Bizhani, submitted to the controversial cartoons of the Holocaust in Iran. ... Dagbladet Information is a Danish tabloid newspaper published Monday to Saturday. ...

Muslim tradition

Aniconism

Main articles: Aniconism in Islam and Depictions of Muhammad

"Muhammad" in Arabic calligraphy.

Owing to the traditions of aniconism in Islam, the majority of art concerning Muhammad is calligraphic in nature. The Qur'an condemns idolatry, but has no direct prohibitions of pictorial art as such. These are found in hadiths: "Ibn ‘Umar reported Allah’s Messenger (pbuh) having said: Those who paint pictures would be punished on the Day of Resurrection and it would be said to them: Breathe soul into what you have created." ^{[87][88][89][90]} // The Quran, the Islamic holy book, does not explicitly prohibit the depiction of human figures; it merely condemns idolatry (ex. ... Depictions of Muhammad, drawings of Muhammad are often contentious. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1294x1256, 291 KB) „Muhammad“ von Hattat Aziz Efendi. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1294x1256, 291 KB) „Muhammad“ von Hattat Aziz Efendi. ... Aniconism is the absence of representations, in a restricted sense that of God and living beings, and more generally of any type of artificial production of substitutes. ... The Bath, a painting by Mary Cassatt (1844-1926). ... The stylized signature of Sultan Mahmud II of the Ottoman Empire was written in an expressive calligraphy. ... The Qurān [1] (Arabic: ‎, literally the recitation; also called ‎ The Noble Qurān; also transliterated as Quran, Koran, and Al-Quran) is the central religious text of Islam. ... Idolatry is a major sin in the Abrahamic religions regarding image. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Abdullah ibn Umar(Arabic: عبدالله بن عمر بن الخطاب) (ca. ... Peace be upon him (Arabic: صلى الله عليه وسلم ;ï·º; salla Allahu alayhi wa sallam, also transliterated as sallalahu aleyhi wasallam) is a phrase that Muslims are required to say after mentioning the name of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, Jesus Christ, Abraham and all the other prophets cited in the Quran. ... Look up Resurrection in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The soul, acording to many religious and philosophical traditions, is a self-aware ethereal substance particular to a unique living being. ...

Muhammad rededicating the Kaaba Black Stone. In Jami Al-Tawarikh "The Universal History" by Rashid Al-Din, at the University of Edinburgh library; c. 1315.

Within Muslim communities, views have varied regarding pictorial representations. Shi'a Islam has been generally tolerant of pictorial representations of human figures, including Muhammad.^[91] Contemporary Sunni Islam generally forbids any pictorial representation of Muhammad,^[92] but has had periods allowing depictions of Muhammad's face covered with a veil or as a featureless void emanating light. A few contemporary interpretations of Islam, such as some adherents of Wahhabism and Salafism, are entirely aniconistic and condemn pictorial representations of any kind. The Taliban, while in power in Afghanistan, banned television, photographs and images in newspapers and destroyed paintings including frescoes in the vicinity of the Buddhas of Bamyan.^[93]
Image File history File linksMetadata Muhammad_2. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Muhammad_2. ... The Kaaba (Arabic: ) , also known as (), ( ‎ The Primordial House), or ( The Sacred House), is a large cuboidal building located inside the mosque known as al-Masjid al-Haram in Mecca. ... The Black Stone This article is about the Islamic holy relic. ... Rashid al-Din Tabib also Rashid ad-Din Fadhlullah Hamadani (1247 - 1318), was a Persian physician, writer and historian, who wrote an enormous Islamic history volume, the Jami al-Tawarikh, in the Persian language. ... The University of Edinburgh, founded in 1582,[4] is a renowned centre for teaching and research in Edinburgh, Scotland. ... Look up Circa on Wiktionary, the free dictionary The Latin word circa, literally meaning about, is often used to describe various dates (often birth and death dates) that are uncertain. ... Shī‘a Islam, also Shi‘ite Islam, or Shi‘ism (Arabic ) is the second largest denomination of the Islamic faith. ... Sunni Muslims are the largest denomination of Islam. ... Wahhabism (Arabic: الوهابية, Wahabism, Wahabbism, Whahhabism) is a derogatory term used to describe a movement of Sunni Islam based on the teachings of Muhammad ibn Abd al Wahhab (1703–1792). ... This article is on an Islamic movement. ... Aniconism is the absence of representations, in a restricted sense that of God and living beings, and more generally of any type of artificial production of substitutes. ... Armed Taliban in pickup truck in Herat, July 2001. ... Fresco by Dionisius representing Saint Nicholas. ... One of the Buddhas of Bamyan as it stood in 1963. ...

Prohibition to insult Muhammad

In Muslim societies, insulting the Islamic prophet Muhammad is considered one of the gravest of all crimes. Some interpretations of the Shariah, in particular the relatively fringe Salafi group, state that any insult to Muhammad warrants death.^[94] Sharia (Arabic شريعة also Sharia, Shariah or Syariah) is traditional Islamic law. ... This article is on the beliefs of the followers of the Salaf. ...

However, the Organization of the Islamic Conference has denounced calls for the death of the Danish cartoonist. OIC's Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu told journalists in Islamabad: The flag of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) OIC redirects here. ...

This is not a joke to go and say kill this and that. This is a very serious matter and nobody has the authority to issue a ruling to kill people.^[95]

Associating Islam with terrorism

Many Muslims have explained their anti-cartoon stance as against insulting pictures and not so much as against pictures in general. According to the BBC: The British Broadcasting Corporation, usually known as the BBC (and also informally known as the Beeb or Auntie) is the largest broadcasting corporation in the world in terms of audience numbers, employing 26,000 staff in the United Kingdom alone and with a budget of more than GB£4 billion...

It is the satirical intent of the cartoonists and the association of the Prophet with terrorism, that is so offensive to the vast majority of Muslims.

– ^[96]

Why is the insult so deeply felt by some Muslims? Of course, there is the prohibition on images of Muhammad. But one cartoon, showing the Prophet wearing a turban shaped as a bomb with a burning fuse, extends the caricature of Muslims as terrorists to Muhammad. In this image, Muslims see a depiction of Islam, its prophet and Muslims in general as terrorists. This will certainly play into a widespread perception among Muslims across the world that many in the West harbour a hostility towards – or fear of – Islam and Muslims.

– ^[97]

Islamism and accusations of xenophobia

Main articles: Muslims in Western Europe and Multiculturalism

Fundamentalist Islam is seen to be a problem in Europe recently,^[98][99] while disillusionment with multiculturalism is on the rise in Denmark.^[100] This is further fuelled by Mullah Krekar stating that "the number of Muslims is expanding like mosquitoes."^[101][102] The UNCHR Special Rapporteur, on the other hand, saw xenophobia and racism in Europe as the root of the controversy,^[103] particularly singling out Denmark.^{[104][105][106]} Minimum estimates of Muslim populations in Western Europe (EU15 plus Norway and Switzerland) as a percentage of total country population: (Source: The Economist, April 3, 2003) (Second Source: BBC ) The figures are minimum estimates, and not necessarily exactly comparable, due to differences in method of data collection and data presentation... Multiculturalism is an ideology advocating that society should consist of, or at least allow and include, distinct cultural groups, with equal status. ... Multiculturalism is an ideology advocating that society should consist of, or at least allow and include, distinct cultural groups, with equal status. ... Mullah Krekar in a Norwegian court of law. ... The United Nations Commission on Human Rights, a commission supervised by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, is composed of representatives from 53 member states, and meets each year in regular session in March/April for six weeks in Geneva. ... Look up xenophobia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Manifestations Slavery · Racial profiling · Lynching Hate speech · Hate crime · Hate groups Genocide · Holocaust · Pogrom Ethnocide · Ethnic cleansing · Race war Religious persecution · Gay bashing Movements Discriminatory Aryanism · Neo-Nazism · Supremacism Kahanism Anti-discriminatory Abolitionism · Civil rights · Gay rights Womens/Universal suffrage · Mens rights Childrens rights · Youth rights Disability...

Allegations of "agendas"

Agendas in the West

Some commentators see the publications of the cartoons and the riots that took place in response, as part of a coordinated effort to show Muslims and Islam in a bad light, thus influencing public opinion in the West in aid of various political projects, for example to support further military intervention in the Middle East.^[107][108] Most commentators in Europe framed the dispute as one between Islam and freedom of expression, which was useful banner "under which the most diverse sectors of society can unite in the name of ‘European values’: feminists and Christian conservatives, social democrats and neoliberals, nationalists and multiculturalists, civil rights activists and consumption-oriented hedonists." Feminism is a social theory and political movement primarily informed and motivated by the experience of women. ... Christian Right is a term collectively referring to a spectrum of conservative Christian political and social movements and organizations characterized by their strong support of social values they deem traditional in the United States and other western countries. ... Social democracy is a political ideology emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries from supporters of Marxism who believed that the transition to a socialist society could be achieved through democratic evolutionary rather than revolutionary means. ... The term neoliberalism is used to describe a political-economic philosophy that had major implications for government policies beginning in the 1970s – and increasingly prominent since 1980 – that de-emphasizes or rejects positive government intervention in the economy, focusing instead on achieving progress and even social justice by... Nationalism is an ideology that creates and sustains a nation as a concept of a common identity for groups of humans. ... Multiculturalism is a public policy approach for managing cultural diversity in a multiethnic society, officially stressing mutual respect and tolerance for cultural differences within a countrys borders. ... Civil rights or positive rights are those legal rights retained by citizens and protected by the government. ... Hedonism is a word used to describe any way of thinking that gives pleasure a central role. ...

The controversy was used to highlight a supposedly irreconcilable rift between Europeans and Islam, and many demonstrations in the Middle-East were encouraged by the regimes there for their own purposes. Different groups used this tactic for different purposes, some more explicitely than others: for example anti-immigrant groups, nationalists, feminists, classical liberals and national governments.^[109]

Zionist agenda

Among others,^[110] Iran's supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei blamed a "Zionist conspiracy" for the row over the cartoons.^[111] The Palestinian envoy to Washington said the Likud party concocted distribution of Muhammad caricatures worldwide in a bid to create a clash between the West and the Muslim world.^[112] The criminalization of denial of the Holocaust in parts of Europe received renewed interest,^[113] raising concerns over freedom of speech being asserted selectively.^{[114][115][116]} Grand Âyatollâh   (Persian: آیت‌الله سید علی حسینی خامنه‌ای Ä€yatollāh Seyyed `AlÄ« ḤoseynÄ« KhāmeneÄ«) (Also known as : Seyyed Ali Khamenei) born 17 July 1939[1], is the current Supreme Leader of Iran and was the president of Iran from 1981 to 1989. ... A conspiracy theory attempts to explain the ultimate cause of an event or chain of events (usually political, social, or historical events) as a secret, and often deceptive, plot by a covert alliance of powerful or influential people or organizations. ... The term Palestinian has other usages, for which see definitions of Palestinian. ... Likud (Hebrew: ליכוד, literally means consolidation) is a centre-right political party in Israel. ... Richard Harwoods Did Six Million Really Die? Holocaust denial is the claim that the mainstream historical version of the Holocaust is either highly exaggerated or completely falsified. ...

Islamist or Mideast regime agendas

Other commentators see Islamists jockeying for influence^[117] both in Europe^[118] and the Islamic Ummah,^[119] who tried (unsuccessfully) to widen the split between the USA and Europe, and simultaneously bridge the split between the Sunnis and the Shia.^[120] Islamism is a political ideology derived from the conservative religious views of Muslim fundamentalism. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... Shiʻa Islam (Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite) makes up the second largest sect of believers in Islam, constituting about 30%–35% of all Muslim. ...

Regimes in the Middle East have been accused of taking advantage of the controversy, and adding to it, in order to demonstrate their Islamic credentials, distracting from their failures by setting up an external enemy,^{[121] [122] [123]} and "(using) the cartoons [...] as a way of showing that the expansion of freedom and democracy in their countries would lead inevitably to the denigration of Islam."^[124] Mahmoud Ahmadinejad announced a Holocaust Conference, supported^[125] by the OIC, to uncover what he called the "myth" used to justify the creation of Israel.^[126] Ahmadinejad started voicing doubt about the veracity of the holocaust at the same^[127] OIC conference in Mecca that served to spread the Akkari-Laban dossier to leaders of the Muslim world.^[128]   (Persian: ‎ ​, IPA: ), transcribed into English as Mahmud or Mahmood, Ahmadinezhad, Ahmadi-Nejad, Ahmadi Nejad, Ahmady Nejad) (born October 28, 1956) is the current president of the Islamic Republic of Iran. ... The flag of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) OIC redirects here. ... The flag of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) OIC redirects here. ... The Akkari-Laban dossier is a 43 page document which was created by a group of Danish Muslim clerics from multiple organizations set out to present their case and ask for support in the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy. ...

Alleged political correctness

Critics of political correctness see the cartoon controversy as a sign that attempts at judicial codification of such concepts as respect, tolerance and offense have backfired on their advocates, "leaving them without a leg to stand on"^[129] and in retreat again: Political correctness is the alteration of language to redress real or alleged injustices and discrimination or to avoid offense. ... This page is about the attitude of acknowledgement, for other uses please see, Respect (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that toleration be merged into this article or section. ... In law, an offense is a violation of the penal law. ...

The issue will almost certainly lead to a revisiting of the lamentable laws against "hate speech" in Europe, and with any luck to a debate on whether these laws are more likely to destroy public harmony than encourage it. Muslim activists are finding out why getting into a negative-publicity fight is as inadvisable as wrestling with a pig: You get dirty and the pig enjoys it.

– ^[130]

Comparable references

Main article: Freedom of speech versus blasphemy

Numerous comparisons have been offered in public discourse comparing earlier controversies over propriety of speech and art with the controversy that surrounded the Jyllands-Posten cartoons. Some examples include: Freedom of speech versus blasphemy represents the tension which exists between political freedom, particularly freedom of speech, and certain examples of art, literature, speech or other acts which some consider to be sacrilegious or blasphemous. ...

• The Life of Jesus (book, 2005, Greece)
• Jerry Springer - The Opera (musical, 2005, Britain)
• Bloody Mary (TV, 2005, United States, New Zealand, and Australia)
• Behzti (play, 2004, United Kingdom)
• Submission (short film, 2004, Netherlands)
• Snow White and The Madness of Truth (installation, 2004, Sweden)
• Ecce Homo (exhibition, 2000, Europe)
• Sensation (exhibition, 1999, London and New York)
• Corpus Christi (play, 1998, United States)
• Great Lawgivers (frieze, 1997, Washington D.C.)
• Tatiana Soskin (drawing, 1997, Israel)
• Taslima Nasrin (newspaper, 1994, Bangladesh)
• Piss Christ (photo, 1989, United States)
• The Satanic Verses (novel, 1988, Global)
• The Last Temptation of Christ (film, 1988, United States and Europe)
• The Calcutta Quran Petition (court case, 1985, India)
• Life of Brian (film, 1979, United States and Europe)
• The Love That Dares to Speak Its Name (poem, 1977, United Kingdom)
• Mohammad, Messenger of God (film, 1977, United States, Libya, UK and Lebanon)

Gerhard Haderer (born 1951, Leonding, Austria) is an Austrian cartoonist and caricturist. ... David Soul stars as Jerry Springer. ... Bloody Mary is episode 914 of the Comedy Central series South Park. ... Behzti (in Punjabi, Dishonour) is a play written by the British Sikh playwright United Kingdom in December 2004 when the opening night was disrupted by a riot at the Birmingham Repertory theatre. ... Submission is a 10-minute film directed by Theo van Gogh and written by Ayaan Hirsi Ali, a Liberal party member of the Lower House of the Netherlands Parliament. ... Snow White and The Madness of Truth (Swedish: Snövit och sanningens vansinne) was an item of installation art by Swedish (but Israeli-born) composer/musician Dror Feiler and his Swedish wife, artist Gunilla Sköld-Feiler. ... Ecce Homo photo depicting the Last Supper Ecce Homo was a controversial exhibition of 12 photographs taken by the Swedish photographer Elisabeth Ohlson Wallin. ... Sensation was a notorious exhibition of Young British Artists which took place in 1997 (18 September-28 December) at the Royal Academy of Art in London and later toured to Berlin and New York. ... Corpus Christi is a passion play by Terrence McNally dramatizing the story of Christ and the Apostles. ... The Supreme Court building is the seat of the Supreme Court of the United States. ... A immgrant from Russia,She is a person of the jewish faith,While in israel in the town of hebron,she was arrested and put in a mental illiness center for a drawing ... Taslima Nasrin Taslima Nasrin (Bangla: তসলিমা নাসরিন), also known as Taslima Nasreen, (born 25 August 1962 in Mymensingh, Bangladesh) is a Bengali Bangladeshi physician, writer, feminist human rights activist and secular humanist. ... Piss Christ. ... The Satanic Verses is Salman Rushdies fourth novel, first published in 1988 and inspired in part by the life of Muhammad. ... The Last Temptation of Christ, (in Greek O Teleutaios Peirasmos, Ο Τελευταίος Πειρασμός) also published as The Last Temptation, is a novel written by Nikos Kazantzakis, first published in 1951. ... The Calcutta Quran Petition is a book by Sita Ram Goel and Chandmal Chopra. ... Monty Pythons Life Of Brian is a 1979 comedy by Monty Python, which deals with the life of Brian Cohen (played by Graham Chapman), a young man born on the same night as Jesus, and right down the street from him as well. ... James Kirkup (b. ... The factual accuracy of this article is disputed. ...

See also

• Blasphemy laws in Islamic Republic of Iran
• Religion in Denmark
• Censorship by religion
• Clash of Civilizations
• Dialogue Among Civilizations
• Controversial newspaper caricatures
• Freedom of the press
• Freedom of speech and freedom of the press in Denmark
• Freedom of speech versus blasphemy
• Internet censorship in Pakistan
• Iran Holocaust Cartoons Contest
• Government-organized demonstration
• Islam in Denmark
• Islamist demonstration outside Danish Embassy in London
• Pope Benedict XVI Islam controversy
• Rakyat Merdeka dingo cartoon controversy
• Separation of church and state
• Strelnikoff Mary of Help of Brezje controversy

This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Of the religions in Denmark, the most prominent is the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Denmark which is the official state religion. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Cover of The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order The Clash of Civilizations is a controversial theory that peoples cultural/religious identity will be the primary source of conflict in the post-Cold War world. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... There are several incidents involving controversial caricatures in the press media. ... Freedom of the press (or press freedom) is the guarantee by a government of free public press for its citizens and their associations, extended to members of news gathering organizations, and their published reporting. ... In Denmark the freedom of speech and freedom of the press are ensured by § 77 of the constitution[1]: The phrase under responsibility to the courts provides the main concept of the freedom: the constitution grants you the freedom to say whatever you please, but does not protect you from... Freedom of speech versus blasphemy represents the tension which exists between political freedom, particularly freedom of speech, and certain examples of art, literature, speech or other acts which some consider to be sacrilegious or blasphemous. ... The Government of Pakistan censors all internet traffic by means of routing all connections through a central exchange which is administered by the Internet Exchange. ... Cartoons by Iranian cartoonist Maziyar Bizhani, submitted to the controversial cartoons of the Holocaust in Iran. ... Government-organized demonstrations or state demonstrations are demonstrations whereat government employees march and protest on behalf and at the behest of the government in civilian clothes. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... An Islamist demonstration was held outside the Danish Embassy in London, England in response to the publication of editorial cartoons depicting the Islamic prophet Muhammad that were published in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten on 30 September 2005. ... Pope Benedict XVI, January 2006 The Pope Benedict XVI Islam controversy arose from a lecture delivered on 12 September 2006 by Pope Benedict XVI at the University of Regensburg in Germany. ... Original cartoon The Rakyat Merdeka Dingo cartoon controversy began after a front page editorial cartoon depicting the Australian Prime Minister John Howard and Australian Foreign Minister Alexander Downer as dingoes were published in the Indonesian newspaper Rakyat Merdeka on 27 March 2006 to protest the acceptance by Australia of refugees... Constantines Conversion, depicting the conversion of Emperor Constantine the Great to Christianity, by Peter Paul Rubens. ... Bitchcraft album cover The Strelnikoff Mary of Help of Brezje controversy began after a depiction of Mary of Help of Brezje holding a rat instead of Jesus was published by a Slovenian music group Strelnikoff on the cover of their album Bitchcraft. ...

References

For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 23 is the 82nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (83rd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 9 is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 15 is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 17 is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years). ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 9 is the 282nd day of the year (283rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 7 is the 280th day of the year (281st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 19 is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The current BBC News logo BBC News and Current Affairs is a major arm of the BBC responsible for the corporations newsgathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 30 is the 273rd day of the year (274th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 25 is the 268th day of the year (269th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Portable Document Format (PDF), sometimes mistaken for Printable Document Format, is an open file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 and is now being prepared for submission as an ISO standard[1]. It is used for representing two-dimensional documents in a device independent and resolution independent fixed-layout... A kibibyte (a contraction of kilo binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage, commonly abbreviated KiB (never kiB). 1 kibibyte = 210 bytes = 1,024 bytes The kibibyte is closely related to the kilobyte, which can be used either as a synonym for kibibyte or to refer to... Portable Document Format (PDF), sometimes mistaken for Printable Document Format, is an open file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 and is now being prepared for submission as an ISO standard[1]. It is used for representing two-dimensional documents in a device independent and resolution independent fixed-layout... A kibibyte (a contraction of kilo binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage, commonly abbreviated KiB (never kiB). 1 kibibyte = 210 bytes = 1,024 bytes The kibibyte is closely related to the kilobyte, which can be used either as a synonym for kibibyte or to refer to... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 20 is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 22 is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 20 is the 354th day of the year (355th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... January 24 is the 24th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 16 is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 15 is the 74th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (75th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... January 15 is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 8 is the 67th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (68th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 9 is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... January 30 is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 10 is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... January 29 is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Portable Document Format (PDF), sometimes mistaken for Printable Document Format, is an open file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 and is now being prepared for submission as an ISO standard[1]. It is used for representing two-dimensional documents in a device independent and resolution independent fixed-layout... A kibibyte (a contraction of kilo binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage, commonly abbreviated KiB (never kiB). 1 kibibyte = 210 bytes = 1,024 bytes The kibibyte is closely related to the kilobyte, which can be used either as a synonym for kibibyte or to refer to... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... January 30 is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... February 10 is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 8 is the 39th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 4 is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 6 is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 10 is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 9 is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 5 is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 6 is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 2 is the 61st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (62nd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 12 is the 71st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (72nd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 21 is the 80th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (81st in leap years). ... The current BBC News logo BBC News and Current Affairs is a major arm of the BBC responsible for the corporations newsgathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 9 is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 23 is the 82nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (83rd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 25 is the 84th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (85th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 25 is the 84th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (85th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 23 is the 82nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (83rd in leap years). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Portable Document Format (PDF), sometimes mistaken for Printable Document Format, is an open file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 and is now being prepared for submission as an ISO standard[1]. It is used for representing two-dimensional documents in a device independent and resolution independent fixed-layout... A kibibyte (a contraction of kilo binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage, commonly abbreviated KiB (never kiB). 1 kibibyte = 210 bytes = 1,024 bytes The kibibyte is closely related to the kilobyte, which can be used either as a synonym for kibibyte or to refer to... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 17 is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years). ... The current BBC News logo BBC News and Current Affairs is a major arm of the BBC responsible for the corporations newsgathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 8 is the 251st day of the year (252nd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 17 is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... September 17 is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... November 5 is the 309th day of the year (310th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 56 days remaining. ... The current BBC News logo BBC News and Current Affairs is a major arm of the BBC responsible for the corporations newsgathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... February 4 is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... The current BBC News logo BBC News and Current Affairs is a major arm of the BBC responsible for the corporations newsgathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ... February 2 is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Francis Fukuyama (born October 27, 1952 in Chicago) is an influential American philosopher, political economist and author. ... February 27 is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... December 4th redirects here. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 13 is the 72nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (73rd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... April 10 is the 100th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (101st in leap years). ... February 13 is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 15 is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 3 is the 34th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... June 1 is the 152nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (153rd in leap years), with 213 days remaining. ... 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... March 23 is the 82nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (83rd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 23 is the 82nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (83rd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 2 is the 61st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (62nd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 7 is the 38th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 13 is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 20 is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 6 is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 6 is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 20 is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 23 is the 54th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 23 is the 82nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (83rd in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 7 is the 38th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 8 is the 39th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 1 is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 9 is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 11 is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 16 is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... January 16 is the 16th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... January 16 is the 16th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 10 is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... February 13 is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 13 is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

External links

Primary sources

• The letter to the Prime Minister from the Muslim ambassadorsPDF (74.5 KiB)
• The response to the letters from the ambassadorsPDF (545 KiB)
• First open letter in Arabic to the Muslims of Saudi Arabia from Jyllands-PostenPDF (18.2 KiB)
• Second open letter to the Muslims of Saudi Arabia from Jyllands-Posten
  • In ArabicPDF (68.7 KiB)
  • In English
• Photocopies of the Imams' dossier
• The Danish Foreign ministry, rebutting rumours that were spread via SMS and word-of-mouth
• The Danish Director of Public Prosecutions: Decision on possible criminal proceedings in the case of Jyllands-Posten's articlePDF
• Official press release of the Aarhus court (in Danish)

Portable Document Format (PDF), sometimes mistaken for Printable Document Format, is an open file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 and is now being prepared for submission as an ISO standard[1]. It is used for representing two-dimensional documents in a device independent and resolution independent fixed-layout... A kibibyte (a contraction of kilo binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage, commonly abbreviated KiB (never kiB). 1 kibibyte = 210 bytes = 1,024 bytes The kibibyte is closely related to the kilobyte, which can be used either as a synonym for kibibyte or to refer to... Portable Document Format (PDF), sometimes mistaken for Printable Document Format, is an open file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 and is now being prepared for submission as an ISO standard[1]. It is used for representing two-dimensional documents in a device independent and resolution independent fixed-layout... A kibibyte (a contraction of kilo binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage, commonly abbreviated KiB (never kiB). 1 kibibyte = 210 bytes = 1,024 bytes The kibibyte is closely related to the kilobyte, which can be used either as a synonym for kibibyte or to refer to... Portable Document Format (PDF), sometimes mistaken for Printable Document Format, is an open file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 and is now being prepared for submission as an ISO standard[1]. It is used for representing two-dimensional documents in a device independent and resolution independent fixed-layout... A kibibyte (a contraction of kilo binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage, commonly abbreviated KiB (never kiB). 1 kibibyte = 210 bytes = 1,024 bytes The kibibyte is closely related to the kilobyte, which can be used either as a synonym for kibibyte or to refer to... Portable Document Format (PDF), sometimes mistaken for Printable Document Format, is an open file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 and is now being prepared for submission as an ISO standard[1]. It is used for representing two-dimensional documents in a device independent and resolution independent fixed-layout... A kibibyte (a contraction of kilo binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage, commonly abbreviated KiB (never kiB). 1 kibibyte = 210 bytes = 1,024 bytes The kibibyte is closely related to the kilobyte, which can be used either as a synonym for kibibyte or to refer to... Portable Document Format (PDF), sometimes mistaken for Printable Document Format, is an open file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 and is now being prepared for submission as an ISO standard[1]. It is used for representing two-dimensional documents in a device independent and resolution independent fixed-layout...

Islamic views

• Declaration on behalf of Muslim Religious Leaders signed by many notable clerics and scholars.
• Amr khaled - A message to the World
• Danish cartoons and sacred imagery
• Drawings Against Drawings
• A Danish Trojan Horse: Law and the Muhammad Cartoons, JURIST
• Tolerance on Trial: Why We Reprinted the Danish Cartoons (op-ed by the publisher of the English-language Yemen Observer newspaper), JURIST
• Support Your Prophet A declaration condemning the attack by reporters from Denmark and Norway against the Prophet, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam.
• A Carnival of Caricatures, the Deadly Politics of Humor Islamica Magazine.
• MEMRI translation of Friday sermon by Sheikh Yousef Al-Qaradhawi, head of European Council for Fatwa and Research
• [1]

A jurist is a professional who studies, develops, applies or otherwise deals with the law. ... A jurist is a professional who studies, develops, applies or otherwise deals with the law. ...

Non-Islamic views

• Was nun, ferner Bärtiger? (What's next, bearded one?) by Sonia Mikich, die tageszeitung, February 6, 2006 (German) - English translation at signandsight.com
• Today’s Counter-Enlightenment by Ralf Dahrendorf, Project Syndicate
• A post-Satanic journey by Ehsan Masood, openDemocracy, July 2, 2006
• Toon-deaf Europe is taking the wrong stand by MARK STEYN

Sonia Mikich (born July 13, 1951 in Oxford) is a German TV journalist. ... die tageszeitung (referred to commonly as taz), founded in 1978 in Berlin, is a cooperative-owned German daily newspaper. ... February 6 is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Ralf Dahrendorf Ralf Gustav Dahrendorf, Baron Dahrendorf, KBE, (born May 1, 1929) is a German-British sociologist, philosopher, political scientist and politician. ... Project Syndicate is an international not-for-profit newspaper syndicate and association of newspapers. ... Ehsan Masood is a London based journalist. ... openDemocracy is a website for debate about international politics and culture. ... July 2 is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 182 days remaining. ...

Press reviews

• BBC, Q&A Depicting the Prophet Muhammad
• The Guardian special reports: cartoon protests
• World press review by BBC Monitoring
• BBC Viewpoints
• The twelve Muhammad cartoons a European press review at signandsight.com

Video

• London demonstration in front of the Danish embassy 3 Feb 2006
• Protesters Burn European Embassies, Consulates, Churches in Damascus and Beirut February 4-5 2006
• Interview with American Muslim Hamza Yusuf on Danish news show Deadline
• BBC HARDtalk: Ahmad Abu Laban and Fleming Rose, 8 February 2006
• JFK Jr. Forum cartoons controversy discussion at Harvard University by Shahab Ahmed, Jocelyne Cesari, Father J. Bryan Hehir, Dr. Joseph S. Nye Jr. (RealPlayer stream)

Harvard University (incorporated as The President and Fellows of Harvard College) , is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. One of the eight Ivies, it was founded in 1636. ...

Images

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Muhammad

• The 12 cartoons in full size at Newspaper Index
• The page of Jylland-Posten that contains Muhammad cartoons
• Picture series - Burning of the Danish embassy in Syria
• More editorial cartoons, including some depicting Muhammed, mainly in response to the protests of the original drawings

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...

Online petitions

• It is Enough Now Letter for reconciliation in Arabic, Danish and English
• A letter from Another Denmark Another Danish petition for reconciliation
• An online protest against cartoons of Prophet Muhammad A site that condemns the Jyllands Posten cartoons and invites others to protest by submitting their e-mail addresses. As of April 8, 2006 more than 145,000 individuals had entered their addresses.
• Bad Democracy Award for March 2006. Abu Laban won by a landslide.

Other sources

• Cartoon Body Count: Death by Drawing An independent website tallying the total casualty count as a result of the controversy (based on verified news sources).
• Cartoons riots Google Maps mashup A mashup displaying places where protests, riots and fatalities occurred during the Mohamed cartoons row
• The Mohammed-Cartoon Controversy, Israel, and the Jews: A Case Study by Manfred Gerstenfeld of the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs
• Weekly Standard Reprint of Danish Cartoons by William Kristol