Dar es Salaam (Arabic: دار السلام [translation: "Abode of Peace"] Dār as-Salām), formerly Mzizima, is the largest city in Tanzania. With a population estimated around 2,500,000, it is also the country's richest city and a regionally important economic centre. Though Dar es Salaam lost its official status as capital city to Dodoma in 1996, it remains the centre of the permanent central government bureaucracy and continues to serve as the capital for the surrounding Dar es Salaam Region. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1590x1005, 1050 KB) Summary Taken by SteveRwanda Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Dar es Salaam Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the... Image File history File links Map of Tanzania showing Dar es Salaam Region; created with the GIMP. Made by User:Acntx. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Population density by country, 2006 Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ... Metropolitan area in Western Tokyo as seen from Tokyo Tower A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large city and its adjacent zone of influence, or of several neighboring cities or towns and adjoining areas, with one or more large cities serving as its hub or... Latitude, usually denoted symbolically by the Greek letter phi, , gives the location of a place on Earth north or south of the equator. ... Longitude, sometimes denoted by the Greek letter λ (lambda),[1][2] describes the location of a place on Earth east or west of a north-south line called the Prime Meridian. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... Dodoma, population 324,347 (2002 census), is the national capital of Tanzania and also the capital of that countrys Dodoma Region. ... Map of the Dar es Salaam Region Dar es Salaam is one of Tanzanias 26 administrative regions. ...

Population

The population is increasing at a rate of 4.39% annually (the 3rd fastest in Africa and the 9th fastest in the world). The metro population is expected to reach 5.12 million by 2020. (www.citymayors.com/statistics).

• 1925: 30,000
• 1948: 69,000
• 1957: 129,000
• 1972: 396,000

Geography

Dar es Salaam is located at 6°48' South, 39°17' East (−6.8000, 39.2833). [1] The city is situated on a massive natural harbour on the Eastern Indian Ocean coast of Africa.

Being situated so close to the equator and the warm Indian ocean, the city experiences generally tropical climatic conditions, typified by hot and humid weather throughout much of the year. Annual rainfall is approximately 1100mm per annum and in a normal year there are two distinct rainy seasons, 'the long rains' which fall during April and May, and 'the short rains' - during October and November.

Administratively, Dar es Salaam is broken into 3 districts: Ilala, Kinondoni, and Temeke. Map of Dar es Salaams Districts Ilala District is one of three districts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, the others being Temeke to the South and Kinondoni to the North. ... Map of Dar es Salaams Districts Kinondoni District is the northernmost of three districts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, the others being Temeke (to the far Southeast) and Ilala (downtown Dar es Salaam). ... Map of Dar es Salaams Districts Temeke District is the southernmost of three districts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, with Kinondoni located to the far North of the city, and Ilala being located in the downtown of Dar es Salaam. ...

History

Kaiserstrasse, Dar es Salaam, German East Africa, c. 1905

In 1859, Albert Roscher of Hamburg became the first European to land in Mzizima ("healthy town"). In 1866 Sultan Seyyid Majid of Zanzibar gave it its present name, an Arabic phrase meaning Haven of Peace. Dar es Salaam fell into decline after Majid's death in 1870, but was revived in 1887, when the German East Africa Company established a station there. The town's growth was facilitated by its role as the administrative and commercial centre of German East Africa and industrial expansion resulting from the construction of the Central Railway Line in the early 1900s. Image File history File links Dar-es-salaam-c1905. ... Image File history File links Dar-es-salaam-c1905. ... German East Africa (German: Deutsch-Ostafrika) was Germanys colony in East Africa, including what is now Burundi, Rwanda, and Tanganyika, the mainland part of present Tanzania. ... Hamburg from above Hamburgs motto: May the posterity endeavour with dignity to conserve the freedom, which the forefathers acquired. ... Map of Zanzibars main island Zanzibar is situated off mainland Tanzania Coordinates: Country Tanzania Islands Unguja and Pemba Capital Zanzibar City Settled AD 1000 Government  - Type semi-autonomous part of Tanzania  - President Amani Abeid Karume Area  - Both Islands  637 sq mi (1,651 km²) Population (2002)  - Both Islands 981... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... The flag of the German East Africa Company The German East Africa Company (German: Deutsch-Ostafrikanische Gesellschaft) was an organisation founded by Karl Peters (with imperial backing from Otto von Bismarck) on April 2, 1885 to govern German East Africa (modern Tanzania). ... German East Africa (German: Deutsch-Ostafrika) was Germanys colony in East Africa, including what is now Burundi, Rwanda, and Tanganyika, the mainland part of present Tanzania. ...

German East Africa was captured by the British during World War I and from then on was referred to as Tanganyika. Dar es Salaam was retained as the territory's administrative and commercial centre. Under British indirect rule, separate European (e.g. Oyster Bay) and African (e.g. Kariakoo and Ilala) areas developed at a distance from the city centre. The town's population also included a large amount of South Asians. This article is becoming very long. ... Flag of Tanganyika Tanganyika was an East African republic within the Commonwealth of Nations, named after Lake Tanganyika, which formed its western border. ... Indirect rule is a type of European colonial policy as practiced in large parts of British India (see Princely states) and elsewhere in the British Empire (including Malaya), in which the traditional local power structure, or at least part of it, is incorporated into the colonial administrative structure. ... Oyster Bay is a very affluent area of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. ... Kariakoo is an area of the city of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. ... Map of Dar es Salaams Districts Ilala District is one of three districts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, the others being Temeke to the South and Kinondoni to the North. ...

After World War II, Dar es Salaam experienced a period of rapid growth. Political developments, including the formation and growth of the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU), led to Tanganyika attaining independence from colonial rule in December 1961. Dar es Salaam continued to serve as its capital, also when in 1964 Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to form Tanzania. However, in 1973 provisions were made to relocate the capital to Dodoma, a more centrally located city in Tanzania's interior. The relocation process has not yet been completed, and Dar es Salaam remains Tanzania's primary city. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) was the principal political party in the struggle for sovereignty in the East African state of Tanganyika (now Tanzania). ... Map of Zanzibars main island Zanzibar is situated off mainland Tanzania Coordinates: Country Tanzania Islands Unguja and Pemba Capital Zanzibar City Settled AD 1000 Government  - Type semi-autonomous part of Tanzania  - President Amani Abeid Karume Area  - Both Islands  637 sq mi (1,651 km²) Population (2002)  - Both Islands 981... Dodoma, population 324,347 (2002 census), is the national capital of Tanzania and also the capital of that countrys Dodoma Region. ...

One of the deadly 1998 U.S. embassy bombings occurred in Dar es Salaam; the other was in Nairobi, Kenya. Aftermath at the Nairobi embassy. ... Categories: Africa geography stubs | Capitals in Africa | Kenya ...

Economy and infrastructure

Dar is Tanzania's most important city for both business and government. The city contains unusually high concentrations of trade and other services and manufacturing compared to other parts of Tanzania, which has about 80 percent of its population in rural areas. For example, about one half of Tanzania's manufacturing employment is located in the city despite the fact that Dar holds only ten percent of Tanzania's population. Located on a natural harbour on the Indian Ocean, it is the hub of the Tanzanian transportation system as all of the country's main railways and several highways originate in or near the city. Its status as an administrative and trade centre has put Dar es Salaam in position to benefit disproportionately from Tanzania's high growth rate since the year 2000 so that by now its poverty rates are much lower than the rest of the country. The Dar es Salaam Airport connects the city with other African countries, the Middle East as well as Europe. Image File history File linksMetadata DarEsSalaam-Buguruni. ... Image File history File linksMetadata DarEsSalaam-Buguruni. ... Dar es Salaam Airport (IATA: DAR, ICAO: HTDA) is the principal airport serving Dar es Salaam, the capital of Tanzania. ...

The growth of industry is hampered by several factors, including uneven supplies of electricity, an increasingly overburdened infrastructure, and corruption which makes operation of business difficult.

Culture

A branch of the international Subway restaurant chain in Dar es Salaam

Samora Machel Avenue, Dar es Salaam

Downtown Dar es Salaam is a busy commercial area of town. The area includes many small businesses, many of which are run by traders and proprietors whose families originated from the Middle East and Indian sub-continent - areas of the world with which the settlements of the Tanzanian coast have had long-standing trading relations. During the daytime the heavy weight of traffic, office workers, busy merchants, street vendors and restauranteers of the area lend it a frenetic and slightly claustrophic air. However, after nightfall the area is relatively quiet as much of the city's nightlife is located in more residential districts away from the city's mainly commercial centre. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 1004 KB) Summary A Subway restaurant in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 1004 KB) Summary A Subway restaurant in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. ... A Subway restaurant in Ang Mo Kio, Singapore Exterior of a typical Subway restaurant in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico Locations of Subway stores Subway is the name of a multinational restaurant franchise that mainly sells sandwiches and salads. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (480x640, 229 KB) Samora Machel Avenue with the N.I.C. House in the background in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (480x640, 229 KB) Samora Machel Avenue with the N.I.C. House in the background in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. ...

The sprawling suburbs furthest from the city centre are generally populated by Tanzanians of African descent, with the exception of Oyster Bay, where there is a large population of foreign expatriates. Although there is little in the way of open racial hostility, the various ethnic communities of Dar es Salaam do not tend to mix heavily. The edges of Dar es Salaam are spreading rapidly, severely taxing the transportation network (which aside from ferries, lacks any kind of mass transit facilities) and raising the prospect of future urban overcrowding. Oyster Bay is a very affluent area of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. ...

Due in part to the growth of the expatriate community and the increasing importance of tourism, the number of international restaurants has risen very rapidly over recent years. The city now offers a surprisingly rich and internationalised diversity of cuisine, ranging from traditional Tanzanian barbeque style options such as "Nyama Choma" (roasted meat) and "Mishkaki" (Shish Kabob - usually barbequed and served with salt and various hot peppers on the side) and the long-established traditional Indian and Zanzibari cuisine, to options from all corners of the globe including, Chinese, Thai, Turkish, Italian, and Japanese food. Left to right: Chenjeh Kabab, Kabab Koobideh, Jujeh Kabab Kebab (kebap in Turkish, kabab in Iran, India and Pakistan, Kabab or كباب in Arabic, also spelled kebob, kabob) means grilled (or broiled) meat in Persian and Turkish. ...

There is also a lively music scene in Dar es Salaam which is divided among several styles. The longest standing segment is live dance bands such as Kilimanjaro, Twanga Pepeta and FM Academia. Taarab which was traditionally strong in Zanzibar has also found a niche but remains a small compared both to dance music and "Bongo Flava", a broad category that represents the Tanzanian take on Hip Hop and R&B, which has quickly become the most popular locally produced music. This type of music is especially strong among the youth and it seems that its pull is reducing the interest in performing and hearing dance music. Songs by artists such as Ferooz name check Dar districts such as Sinza. Traditional music, which locally is used to refer to tribal music is still performed but typically only on family oriented occasions such as weddings. Taarab is a kind of East African music, most popular in Tanzania and Kenya. ... Map of Zanzibars main island Zanzibar is situated off mainland Tanzania Coordinates: Country Tanzania Islands Unguja and Pemba Capital Zanzibar City Settled AD 1000 Government  - Type semi-autonomous part of Tanzania  - President Amani Abeid Karume Area  - Both Islands  637 sq mi (1,651 km²) Population (2002)  - Both Islands 981... Hip hop music has grown increasingly popular in Tanzania over the last ten years. ...

A variety of museums, including the National Museum, the Village Museum and the Botanic Gardens are all very close by. Within an hour's drive north is Bagamoyo, which is home to the Kaole ruins. There are beaches on the Kigamboni peninsula east of Dar es Salaam and on Kigamboni Island to the north where residents and tourists alike frequently visit. The picturesque Bongoyo Island (a 30 minute boat ride from the Msasani Peninsula) is also a favourite spot for swimming and sunbathing. The National Stadium hosts Dar es Salaam's Simba football club, Tanzanian football clubs, and many other international matches. The town of Bagamoyo is the oldest town in Tanzania, founded by the end of the 18th century. ... National Stadium or William Mkapa Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. ...

The first cineplex in Tanzania to show first-run Western and Indian releases was opened in Dar es Salaam in December 2003.

Education

Dar es Salaam is also the educational centre of Tanzania. The city is home to the University of Dar es Salaam, the Open University of Tanzania, the Hubert Kairuki Memorial University (HKMU) as well as the International Medical and Technological University (IMTU). Other institutes of higher education include the Institute of Financial Management (IFM), Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology (DIT) and the College of Business Education (CBE). The University of Dar es Salaam is a university in the Tanzanian city of Dar es Salaam. ... Hubert Kairuki Memorial University is a private, accredited university located in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania offering undergraduate and postgraduate programs in the health sciences. ...

Dar es Salaam also boasts some of the finest schools in Tanzania. The following are schools that provide secondary education, O Levels and A Levels in Tanzania, according to the NECTA (National Examination Council Of Tanzania) syllabus.

Trivia

Bongo is the commonly-used nickname for Dar es Salaam. The use of the word can be traced to the mid-1980s. Bongo is Swahili for 'brains'. It is thought that due to the hard economic times during Nyerere's rule, the only way one could survive and prosper there was by possessing a keen streetwise intelligence. 'Bongoland' sometimes refers to Tanzania. Swahili (also called Kiswahili; see below for derivation) is a Bantu language. ... Julius Kambarage Nyerere (April 13, 1922 - October 14, 1999) was President of Tanzania, and previously Tanganyika, from the countrys founding until his retirement. ...

Dar es Salaam also has an international school known as the International School of Tanganyika (IST), where most diplomats and NGO workers send their children to. A French school is also present.

Dar es Salaam is home to University of Connecticut Basketball Star Hasheem Thabeet. Hashim Thabit Manka (born February 16, 1987 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania), is a college basketball player for the University of Connecticut Huskies. ...

External links

• Google Satelite Image of Dar-Es-Salaam
• Wikimapia Satelite Image of Dar-Es-Salaam

Port cities in Africa