• This article is about the city.
• For the region, see Dar es Salaam (region).
• For the 2000 Chadian film, see Daresalam.
• For the 'Divisions of the world in Islam' see Divisions of the world in Islam.

Dar es Salaam
Dar es Salaam Location of Dar es Salaam
Coordinates: 6°48′S 39°17′E / -6.8, 39.283
Country	Tanzania
Districts	List Ilala Kinondoni Temeke
Government
- Mayor	Adam Kimbisa
Area Region/Province
- City	1,590.5 km² (614.1 sq mi)
- Water	0 km² (0 sq mi)
Population (2002)
- Metro	2,497,940

Dar es Salaam (Arabic: دار السلام‎ [translation: "Abode of Peace"] Dār as-Salām, cf. "Yer u-salem"), formerly Mzizima, is the largest city in Tanzania. It is also the country's richest city and a regionally important economic centre. Dar es Salaam is actually an administrative province within Tanzania, and consists of three local government areas or administrative districts: Kinondoni to the north, Ilala in the center of the region, and Temeke to the south. The Dar es Salaam Region had a population of 2,497,940 as of the official 2002 census. Though Dar es Salaam lost its official status as capital city to Dodoma in 1996, it remains the centre of the permanent central government bureaucracy and continues to serve as the capital for the surrounding Dar es Salaam Region. The city also hosted a leg of the 2008 Olympic Torch Relay.^[1] Map of the Dar es Salaam Region Dar es Salaam is one of Tanzanias 26 administrative regions. ... Daresalam (English: Let There Be Peace[1]) is a 2000 dramatic film by Chadian director Issa Serge Coelo. ... In Islamic theology and legal interpretations, the ultimate aim of Islam is to bring the whole world under the dominion of Islam. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 535 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 685 pixel, file size: 521 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Red_pog2. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Tanzania. ... Map of Dar es Salaams Districts Ilala District is one of three districts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, the others being Temeke to the South and Kinondoni to the North. ... Map of Dar es Salaams Districts Kinondoni District is the northernmost of three districts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, the others being Temeke (to the far Southeast) and Ilala (downtown Dar es Salaam). ... Map of Dar es Salaams Districts Temeke District is the southernmost of three districts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, with Kinondoni located to the far North of the city, and Ilala being located in the downtown of Dar es Salaam. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Arabic redirects here. ... For other uses, see Jerusalem (disambiguation). ... Map of Dar es Salaams Districts Kinondoni District is the northernmost of three districts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, the others being Temeke (to the far Southeast) and Ilala (downtown Dar es Salaam). ... Map of Dar es Salaams Districts Ilala District is one of three districts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, the others being Temeke to the South and Kinondoni to the North. ... Map of Dar es Salaams Districts Temeke District is the southernmost of three districts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, with Kinondoni located to the far North of the city, and Ilala being located in the downtown of Dar es Salaam. ... Dodoma, population 324,347 (2002 census), is the national capital of Tanzania and also the capital of that countrys Dodoma Region. ... Map of the Dar es Salaam Region Dar es Salaam is one of Tanzanias 26 administrative regions. ...

History

Kaiserstrasse, Dar es Salaam, German East Africa, c. 1905

In 1859, Albert Roscher of Hamburg became the first European to land in Mzizima ("healthy town"). In 1866 Sultan Seyyid Majid of Zanzibar gave it its present name, an Arabic phrase meaning Abode of Peace. A popular but erroneous translation is "haven of peace" resulting from a mixup of the Arabic words "dar" (house) and "bandar" (harbour). Dar es Salaam fell into decline after Majid's death in 1870, but was revived in 1887, when the German East Africa Company established a station there. The town's growth was facilitated by its role as the administrative and commercial centre of German East Africa and industrial expansion resulting from the construction of the Central Railway Line in the early 1900s. Image File history File links Dar-es-salaam-c1905. ... Image File history File links Dar-es-salaam-c1905. ... German East Africa (German: Deutsch-Ostafrika) was Germanys colony in East Africa, including what is now Burundi, Rwanda, and Tanganyika, the mainland part of present Tanzania. ... For other uses, see Hamburg (disambiguation). ... Map of Zanzibars main island Zanzibar is part of Tanzania Coordinates: , Country Tanzania Islands Unguja and Pemba Capital Zanzibar City Settled AD 1000 Government  - Type semi-autonomous part of Tanzania  - President Amani Abeid Karume Area  - Both Islands  637 sq mi (1,651 km²) Population (2004)  - Both Islands 1,070... Arabic redirects here. ... The flag of the German East Africa Company The German East Africa Company (German: Deutsch-Ostafrikanische Gesellschaft) was an organisation founded by Karl Peters (with imperial backing from Otto von Bismarck) on April 2, 1885, to govern German East Africa (modern Tanzania). ... German East Africa (German: Deutsch-Ostafrika) was Germanys colony in East Africa, including what is now Burundi, Rwanda, and Tanganyika, the mainland part of present Tanzania. ...

German East Africa was captured by the British during World War I and from then on was referred to as Tanganyika. Dar es Salaam was retained as the territory's administrative and commercial centre. Under British indirect rule, separate European (e.g. Oyster Bay) and African (e.g. Kariakoo and Ilala) areas developed at a distance from the city centre. The town's population also included a large number of South Asians. “The Great War ” redirects here. ... Flag of Deutsch-Ostafrika (1885-1919) Flag of Tanganyika (1919-1961) Flag of the Republic of Tanganyika 1962–64 Tanganyika is the name of an East African territory lying between the largest of the African great lakes: Lake Victoria, Lake Malawi and Lake Tanganyika, after which it was named. ... Indirect rule is a type of European colonial policy as practiced in large parts of British India (see Princely states) and elsewhere in the British Empire (including Malaya), in which the traditional local power structure, or at least part of it, is incorporated into the colonial administrative structure. ... Oyster Bay is a very affluent area of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. ... Kariakoo is an area of the city of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. ... Map of Dar es Salaams Districts Ilala District is one of three districts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, the others being Temeke to the South and Kinondoni to the North. ...

After World War II, Dar es Salaam experienced a period of rapid growth. Political developments, including the formation and growth of the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU), led to Tanganyika attaining independence from colonial rule in December 1961. Dar es Salaam continued to serve as its capital, also when in 1964 Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to form Tanzania. However, in 1973 provisions were made to relocate the capital to Dodoma, a more centrally located city in Tanzania's interior. The relocation process has not yet been completed, and Dar es Salaam remains Tanzania's primary city. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) was the principal political party in the struggle for sovereignty in the East African state of Tanganyika (now Tanzania). ... Map of Zanzibars main island Zanzibar is part of Tanzania Coordinates: , Country Tanzania Islands Unguja and Pemba Capital Zanzibar City Settled AD 1000 Government  - Type semi-autonomous part of Tanzania  - President Amani Abeid Karume Area  - Both Islands  637 sq mi (1,651 km²) Population (2004)  - Both Islands 1,070... Dodoma, population 324,347 (2002 census), is the national capital of Tanzania and also the capital of that countrys Dodoma Region. ...

One of the deadly 1998 U.S. embassy bombings occurred in Dar es Salaam; the other was in Nairobi, Kenya. Aftermath at the Nairobi embassy. ... Categories: Africa geography stubs | Capitals in Africa | Kenya ...

Geography

A carboat at the harbor

Samora Machel Avenue, Dar es Salaam

Dar es Salaam is located at 6°48' South, 39°17' East (−6.8000, 39.2833). [1] The city is situated on a massive natural harbour on the Eastern Indian Ocean coast of Africa. Image File history File linksMetadata DarEsSalaam-Skyline. ... Image File history File linksMetadata DarEsSalaam-Skyline. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (480x640, 229 KB) Samora Machel Avenue with the N.I.C. House in the background in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (480x640, 229 KB) Samora Machel Avenue with the N.I.C. House in the background in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. ...

Administratively, Dar es Salaam is broken into 3 districts: Ilala, Kinondoni, and Temeke. Map of Dar es Salaams Districts Ilala District is one of three districts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, the others being Temeke to the South and Kinondoni to the North. ... Map of Dar es Salaams Districts Kinondoni District is the northernmost of three districts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, the others being Temeke (to the far Southeast) and Ilala (downtown Dar es Salaam). ... Map of Dar es Salaams Districts Temeke District is the southernmost of three districts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, with Kinondoni located to the far North of the city, and Ilala being located in the downtown of Dar es Salaam. ...

Climate

Being situated so close to the equator and the warm Indian ocean, the city experiences generally tropical climatic conditions, typified by hot and humid weather throughout much of the year. Annual rainfall is approximately 1,100 mm (43 in) per annum and in a normal year there are two distinct rainy seasons, 'the long rains' which fall during April and May, and 'the short rains' - during October and November. World map showing the equator in red For other uses, see Equator (disambiguation). ... A millimetre (American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is an SI unit of length that is equal to one thousandth of a metre. ... An inch (plural: inches; symbol or abbreviation: in or, sometimes, ″ - a double prime) is the name of a unit of length in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ...

Population

The population is increasing at a rate of 4.39% annually (the 3rd fastest in Africa and the 9th fastest in the world). The metro population is expected to reach 5.12 million by 2020. (www.citymayors.com/statistics).

• 1925: 30,000
• 1948: 69,000
• 1957: 129,000
• 1972: 396,000
• 2005: 2,456,100

Economy and infrastructure

Dar es Salaam Skyline

Elia Complex and Muslim Graveyard, city centre

This beach on Msasani Bay has turned into an open rubbish dump. On the other side of the bay, Dar es Salaam's upmarket shopping and leisure centre "The Slipway" can be recognized.

A branch of the international Subway restaurant chain in Dar es Salaam

Dar is Tanzania's most important city for both business and government. The city contains unusually high concentrations of trade and other services and manufacturing compared to other parts of Tanzania, which has about 80 percent of its population in rural areas. For example, about one half of Tanzania's manufacturing employment is located in the city despite the fact that Dar holds only ten percent of Tanzania's population. Located on a natural harbour on the Indian Ocean, it is the hub of the Tanzanian transportation system as all of the country's main railways and several highways originate in or near the city. Its status as an administrative and trade centre has put Dar es Salaam in position to benefit disproportionately from Tanzania's high growth rate since the year 2000 so that by now its poverty rates are much lower than the rest of the country. The Julius Nyerere International Airport connects the city with other African countries, the Middle East, India, as well as Europe. There is also a railway infrastructure (TAZARA) connecting the coastal town of Dar es Salaam to the neighbouring country of Zamiba on its western border. PEACOCK+LAMA=LAMACOCK Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 1004 KB) Summary A Subway restaurant in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2272x1704, 1004 KB) Summary A Subway restaurant in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. ... SUBWAY® is the name of a franchise fast food restaurant that mainly sells sandwiches and salads. ... Julius Nyerere International Airport is the principal airport serving Dar es Salaam, the largest city in Tanzania. ...

Culture

Downtown Dar es Salaam includes many small businesses, many of which are run by traders and proprietors whose families originated from the Middle East and Indian sub-continent - areas of the world with which the settlements of the Tanzanian coast have had long-standing trading relations. During the daytime the heavy weight of traffic, office workers, busy merchants, street vendors and restaurateurs of the area lend it a frenetic and slightly claustrophobic air. However, after nightfall the area is relatively quiet as much of the city's nightlife is located in more residential districts away from the city's mainly commercial centre.

The sprawling suburbs furthest from the city centre are generally populated by Tanzanians of African descent, with the exception of Oyster Bay, where there is a large population of foreign expatriates. Although there is no racial hostility, the various ethnic communities of Dar es Salaam do not tend to mix heavily. The edges of Dar es Salaam are spreading rapidly, severely taxing the transportation network (which aside from ferries, lacks any kind of mass transit facilities) and raising the prospect of future urban overcrowding. Oyster Bay is a very affluent area of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. ...

Due in part to the growth of the expatriate community and the increasing importance of tourism, the number of international restaurants has risen very rapidly over recent years. The city now offers a surprisingly rich and internationalised diversity of cuisine, ranging from traditional Tanzanian barbecue style options such as "Nyama Choma" (roasted meat) and "Mishkaki" (Shish Kabob - usually barbecued and served with salt and various hot peppers on the side) and the long-established traditional Indian and Zanzibari cuisine, to options from all corners of the globe including, Chinese, Thai, Turkish, Italian, and Japanese food. Left to right: Chenjeh Kabab, Kabab Koobideh, Jujeh Kabab Kebab (kebap in Turkish, kabab in Iran, India and Pakistan, Kabab or كباب in Arabic, also spelled kebob, kabob) means grilled (or broiled) meat in Persian and Turkish. ...

There is also a lively music scene in Dar es Salaam which is divided among several styles. The longest standing segment is live dance bands such as Kilimanjaro, Twanga Pepeta and FM Academia. Taarab which was traditionally strong in Zanzibar has also found a niche but remains small compared both to dance music and "Bongo Flava", a broad category that represents the Tanzanian take on Hip Hop and R&B, which has quickly become the most popular locally produced music. This type of music is especially strong among the youth and it seems that its pull is reducing the interest in performing and hearing dance music. Songs by artists such as Ferooz name check Dar districts such as Sinza. Traditional music, which locally is used to refer to tribal music is still performed but typically only on family oriented occasions such as weddings. Taarab is a kind of East African music, most popular in Tanzania and Kenya. ... Map of Zanzibars main island Zanzibar is part of Tanzania Coordinates: , Country Tanzania Islands Unguja and Pemba Capital Zanzibar City Settled AD 1000 Government  - Type semi-autonomous part of Tanzania  - President Amani Abeid Karume Area  - Both Islands  637 sq mi (1,651 km²) Population (2004)  - Both Islands 1,070... Hip hop music has grown increasingly popular in Tanzania over the last ten years. ...

Much like the popular music of other major cities Dar es Salaam's hip music of the day Bongo Flava is a cultural escape for youths that speaks to topics of everyday life such as "HIV/AIDS, scraping a life together, the difficulty of meeting basic needs, class and wealth barriers, holding your head high despite everything." ^[3] Hip hop music is a musical genre invented by African Americans in New York City in the 1970s. ...

This Rap scene has been present and growing for the past ten years as City life has drawn much of the youth in surrounding areas have made the trek into a more urban lifestyle in search of a new better beginning. ^[4]

In the 1970s the Ministry of National Youth Culture aimed to create a national culture, which stressed the importance of music. Dar es Salaam became the new music center in Tanzania, with the local radio exposing new bands and dominating the music and cultural scene. With this ujamaa, or family, mentality governing culture and music a unified people’s culture was created. However, with the intervention of the IMF and World Bank, Dar es Salaam became a center of city crime, gangs, and violence, which lead to the rise of hip hop music. ^[5] Throughout the years, the radio en Dar es Salaam has played a major role in the dissemination of music because many people don’t have televisions and cassettes are used over CD’s. In addition, creating music in Dar es Salaam involves pure dedication because they receive little pay due to inadequate copyright laws. In addition, most rappers in Dar es Salaam are literate and well educated. ^[6]

A variety of museums, including the National Museum, the Village Museum and the Botanical Garden are all very close by. Within an hour's drive north is Bagamoyo, which is home to the Kaole ruins. There are beaches on the Msasani peninsula north of Dar es Salaam and in Kigamboni to the south where residents and tourists alike frequently visit. Trips to the nearby islands of the Dar es Salaam Marine Reserve are a popular daytrip from the city and a favourite spot for snorkeling, swimming and sunbathing. The National Stadium hosts Dar es Salaam's Young Africans Football Club, Simba football club, Other Tanzanian football clubs, and many other international matches. The town of Bagamoyo is the oldest town in Tanzania, founded by the end of the 18th century. ... Dar es Salaam Marine Reserve system (DMRS) is a marine wildlife reserve in Tanzania, situated approximately 20km north of the countrys capital city, Dar es Salaam. ... National Stadium or William Mkapa Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. ...

The first cineplex in Tanzania to show first-run Western and Indian releases was opened in Dar es Salaam in December 2003.

Globalization

Globalization has affected many of the cultural expressions in Dar es Salaam, in particular, hip hop music and culture. The hip hop scene in Dar es Salaam articulates a blending of local cultural struggles and the indigenization of global influences. ^[7] Hip hop music and culture arrived in Tanzania, taking its cues from various African American styling. Birgit Quade, highlights Tanzanian hip hop’s connection to US culture when she writes: “What makes hip-hop a global phenomenon is that its draws upon style, music, and look that is not restricted to any local region or language…In the mid-1980s, young people who saw the first hip-hop films and videos coming from America and started break-dancing and rapping.” ^[8] The adaptations of language, fashion, style, and content within Tanzanian hip hop culture have evolved gradually. The result of this evolution has created a localized form of hip hop, often showcasing native dialectic lyrical performances and traditional garbs. While hip hop in Dar es Salaam is a clear reflection of Tanzanian localized struggle and culture, it also engages in and compromises with aspects of Western culture. Economic globalization has had an impact on the worldwide integration of different cultures. ...

Education

Dar es Salaam is also the educational centre of Tanzania. The city is home to the University of Dar es Salaam, the Open University of Tanzania, the Hubert Kairuki Memorial University (HKMU) as well as the International Medical and Technological University (IMTU). Other institutes of higher education include the Institute of Financial Management (IFM), Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology (DIT) and the College of Business Education (CBE). The University of Dar es Salaam is a university in the Tanzanian city of Dar es Salaam. ... Hubert Kairuki Memorial University is a private, accredited university located in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania offering undergraduate and postgraduate programs in the health sciences. ...

Dar es Salaam also boasts some of the finest schools in Tanzania. The following are schools that provide secondary education, O Levels and A Levels in Tanzania, according to the NECTA (National Examination Council Of Tanzania) syllabus.

Some of the International Schools in Dar are IST, International School of Tanganyka,HOPAC, Haven of Peace Academy, Dar es Salaam International Academy (DIA),DIS, Dar es Salaam International School, and Laureate.

Some of the other private secondary education schools include The Agakhan Mzizima Secondary School and Shaban Robert Secondary School.It has the famous Indian school where C.B.S.E Foreign is taught upto 12th standard.Many of the indian expats who come to work here have their children studying in this school.

References

2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Dar es Salaam

• Dar es Salaam is at coordinates 6°49′S 39°16′E / -6.82, 39.27 (Dar es Salaam)Coordinates: 6°49′S 39°16′E / -6.82, 39.27 (Dar es Salaam)