Darien is a city located in McIntosh County, Georgia. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 1,719. The city is the county seat of McIntosh County^GR6. It is the second oldest planned city in Georgia. McIntosh County is a county located in the state of Georgia. ... A county seat is an administrative center for a county. ... McIntosh County is a county located in the state of Georgia. ... The following is a list of sources used in the creation of Wikipedia articles on various geographic topics and locations, such as cities, counties, states, and countries. ...

Geography

Darien is located at 31°22'16" North, 81°25'51" West (31.371134, -81.430742)^GR1. Image File history File links GAMap-doton-Darien. ... The following is a list of sources used in the creation of Wikipedia articles on various geographic topics and locations, such as cities, counties, states, and countries. ...

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.1 km² (2.0 mi²). 5.1 km² (2.0 mi²) of it is land and none of it is covered by water. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... A square mile is an Imperial unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (5,280 feet, 1,760 yards, 1,609. ...

Demographics

As of the census^GR2 of 2000, there were 1,719 people, 697 households, and 464 families residing in the city. The population density was 335.2/km² (869.6/mi²). There were 832 housing units at an average density of 162.2/km² (420.9/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 54.10% White, 43.98% African American, 0.12% Native American, 0.64% Asian, 0.17% Pacific Islander, 0.06% from other races, and 0.93% from two or more races. 0.64% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. A census is the process of obtaining information about every member of a population (not necessarily a human population). ... The following is a list of sources used in the creation of Wikipedia articles on various geographic topics and locations, such as cities, counties, states, and countries. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ...

There were 697 households out of which 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.8% were married couples living together, 18.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.4% were non-families. 30.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.06. The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ...

In the city the population was spread out with 29.2% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 14.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 82.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $24,135, and the median income for a family was $28,750. Males had a median income of $26,198 versus $16,897 for females. The per capita income for the city was $11,938. 24.7% of the population and 21.3% of families were below the poverty line. 29.8% of those under the age of 18 and 25.2% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line. The per capita income for a group of people may be defined as their total personal income, divided by the total population. ... Map of countries showing percentage of population living in poverty The poverty line is the level of income below which one cannot afford to purchase all the resources one requires to live. ...

History

Settlement of Darien

Fort King George (Georgia's oldest fort) was built in 1721, near what would become Darien. At the time it was the southern-most outpost of the British Empire in North America. The fort was abandoned in 1727 following attacks from the Spanish. The town of Darien (originally known as New Inverness) was founded in January 1736 by Scottish Highlanders recruited by James Oglethorpe to act as settler-soldiers protecting the frontiers of Georgia from the Spanish in Florida, the French in the Alabama basin and their Indian allies. On January 10, 1736, 177 emigrants, including women and children, arrived on board the Prince of Wales to establish Darien, which was named after the Darien Scheme, a former Scottish colony in Panama. Among the initial settlers was Lachlan McGillivray, the Indian trader, and Lachlan McIntosh, the revolutionary leader. The Scots originated mainly from around Inverness and consisted of both Jacobite and Hanoverian supporting clans, the majority of whom spoke only Gaelic. When visited by Oglethorpe in February the settlers had already constructed "a battery of four pieces of cannon, built a guardhouse, a storehouse, a chapel, and several huts for particular people". They showed similar progress in the construction of military forts, by March the Scottish settlers had begun work on two forts, Fort St. Andrews on Cumberland Island, and Fort St. George on the St. Johns River 60 miles to the south of the territory claimed by the British government in the charter of the Georgia colony. Fort St. George was later abandoned after agreement with the Spanish in October 1736. In 1736 work was also begun on Fort Frederica, which is on St. Simons Island, a few miles south of Darien, between Darien and Cumberland Island. As the Scots were intended as a military force those settlers whose travel was paid for by the Trustees of the Colony were organized into two companies, the Highland Independent Company of Foot, an infantry force, and the Highland Rangers, a mounted force. By 1737 the constant military activity of the Darien colony was taking its toll and an additional forty-four Highland settlers arrived to expand the town. Royal motto: Nemo me impune lacessit (English: No one provokes me with impunity) Scotlands location within the United Kingdom Languages English, Gaelic, Scots Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow First Minister Jack McConnell Area - Total - % water Ranked 2nd UK 78,782 km² 1. ... The Scottish Highlands are the mountainous regions of Scotland north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault. ... James Edward Oglethorpe (22 December 1696 - 30 June 1785) was an English general and philanthropist, a founder of the state of Georgia. ... Official language(s) English Capital Tallahassee Largest city Jacksonville Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 22nd 170 451 km² 260 km 800 km 17. ... The Darién scheme was an unsuccessful attempt by the Kingdom of Scotland to establish a colony on the Isthmus of Panama. ... Lachlan McGillivray Lachlan McGillivray was born in 1718 in Drumanglass, Inverneshire, Scotland and died 1799 Isle of Skye, Scotland. ... Lachlan McIntosh (1725-1806) An American military and political leader during the American Revolution and the early republic. ... Inverness (Inbhir Nis in Scottish Gaelic) is the only city in the Scottish Highlands. ... This article concerns the political movement supporting the restoration of the House of Stuart, not the earlier Jacobean period. ... The House of Hanover (the Hanoverians) were a German royal dynasty which succeeded the House of Stuart as kings of Great Britain in 1714. ... A clan is a group of people united by kinship and descent, which is defined by perceived descent from a common ancestor. ... Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig; IPA: ) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. ... Cumberland Island is one of the Sea Islands. ... St. ... Fort Frederica today Fort Frederica National Monument is a unit of the National Park Service located on St. ... St. ...

Initially the Settlers economy was based on the cultivation of crops, however after the first year they experienced a succession of poor harvests and concentrated more on the rearing of cattle and the felling of timber for sale in nearby Savannah. Binomial name Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle (called cows in vernacular usage, or kine [archaic]) are domesticated ungulates, a member of the subfamily Bovinae of the family Bovidae. ... Savannah may refer to the following articles Cities Savannah, Georgia Savannah, Missouri Savannah, New York Savannah, Tennessee Other An alternate spelling of savanna - a type of grassland GNU Savannah - an aggregation of software development projects affiliated with the GNU project Savannah (film actress) - a pornographic film star SS Savannah, the...

In 1739 eighteen of the most prominent members of the Darien colony signed the first petition against the introduction of slavery into Georgia. This was in response to pleas to Oglethorpe and the Trustees by inhabitants of Savannah to lift their prohibition on slavery. The Highlander's petition was successful and slavery was not introduced until ten years later in 1749.

A constant state of conflict continued with Spanish and Indian forces during this time, however did not grow beyond the level of occasional skirmishes until the onset of the War of Jenkins' Ear in October 1739. In November in response to the death of two Scots garrisoned on Amelia Island from an ambush by Spanish allied Indians the Darien settlers mobilized and together with forces from South Carolina captured the Spanish forts of Fort Picolata, Fort St. Francis de Pupo, Fort San Diego and Fort Mosa before attempting to lay siege to St. Augustine. The subsequent Battle of Fort Mosa resulted in the death or capture of fifty-one of the Darien settlers.
After the battle a number of the settlers abandoned Darien for South Carolina and by 1741 another shipload of forty-three colonists had arrived. These colonists received land grants from the Trustees which specified that the land was to descend to the male or female descendants of the original recipients, in 'Tail General', this was a unique change as previously, with a few specific exceptions in Darien, all land grants in the American colonies had been granted in 'Tail Male', descending to the male children. This had caused great discontent among the Highland Settlers as it went against their traditional land holding and inheritance practices. In future the majority of Georgia land grants were made in 'Tail General'.
The War of Jenkins Ear was a conflict between Great Britain and Spain that lasted from 1739 to 1748. ... Amelia Island is the southernmost of the Sea Islands, a chain of barrier islands stretching from North Carolina to Florida. ... Five flags have flown over St. ...

Civil War and after

On June 11, 1863, Federal troops stationed on St. Simons Island looted and then completely destroyed the town, including the homes of the black residents/slaves. (This was not part of Sherman's brutal March to the Sea, which occurred more than a year later.) The destruction of this undefended city, which was of little strategic importance, was carried out by the 54^th Massachusetts Volunteers under the command of Colonel Robert Gould Shaw and the 2^nd South Carolina Volunteers under the command Colonel James Montgomery. Colonel Montgomery ordered that the town be looted and then burned. Montgomery's troops broke ranks and looted freely, while Shaw ordered his to take only that which would be useful at camp. The First African Baptist Church (the oldest African-American church in the county) was destroyed along with the rest of the town. It was rebuilt and some meetings of the Civil Rights were held there. June 11 is the 162nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (163rd in leap years), with 203 days remaining. ... 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar). ... St. ... Shermans campaigns through Georgia and the Carolinas, 1864–65 Shermans March to the Sea (also referred to as the Savannah Campaign) is the name commonly given to a military campaign conducted in late 1864 by Major General William Tecumseh Sherman of the Union Army during the American Civil... The Storming of Fort Wagner, the most famous battle fought by the 54th Massachusetts The 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry was one of the first official African-American units in the United States armed forces, an infantry regiment that fought in the American Civil War. ... Robert Gould Shaw Robert Gould Shaw (October 10, 1837 – July 18, 1863), was the white colonel in command of the all-black 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, which entered the American Civil War in 1863. ... An African American (also Afro-American or Black American, or black) is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... Civil Rights Movement in the United States, political, legal, and social struggle to gain full citizenship rights for African American and to achieve racial equality. ...

After the U.S. Army invaded McIntosh County and destroyed Darien; gunboats were used to blockade the ports. These personnel were constantly plundering McIntosh County. The only defense to the plundering that the county had was a group of men too old for military service. These old men were having a meeting at the Ebenezer Church, nine miles north of Darien, on the night of August 3, 1864. Federal troops found out about the meeting from spies. The troops surrounded the church, opened fire, and captured twenty-three old men. These civilians were marched to a landing near Darien and put on ships and taken to prisons in the North. The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... The Union blockade refers to the naval actions between 1861 and 1865, during the American Civil War, in which the United States Navy maintained a massive effort on the Atlantic and Gulf Coast of the Confederate States of America designed to prevent the passage of trade goods, supplies, and arms...

In the late 1800s and early 1900s, Darien was one of the largest ports for shipping lumber. When the timber was depleted, Darien became a fishing village, primarily for Georgia wild shrimp. It was once famous for its oysters. Superfamilies and families Alpheoidea Alpheidae - snapping shrimps Barbouriidae Hippolytidae Ogyrididae Atyoidea Atyidae Bresilioidea Agostocarididae Alvinocarididae Bresiliidae Disciadidae Mirocarididae Campylonotoidea Bathypalaemonellidae Campylonotoidae Crangonoidea Crangonidae Glyphocrangonidea Galatheacaridoidea Galatheacarididae Nematocarcinoidea Eugonatonotidae Nematocarcinidae Rhynchocinetidae Xiphocarididae Oplophoroidea Oplophoridae Palaemonoidea Anchistioididae Desmocarididae Euryrhynchidae Gnathophyllidae Hymenoceridae Kakaducarididae Palaemonidae Typhlocarididae Pandaloidea Pandalidae Thalassocarididae Pasiphaeoidea Pasiphaeidae Procaridoidea Procarididae Processoidea... The name oyster is used for a number of different groups of mollusks which grow for the most part in marine or brackish water. ...

There are thirty-two markers of historic sites near Darien and forty-two markers in MacIntosh County. (See the external link for a list.) Darien in the 21st century is once again beginning to grow as it did in the period of time before the Civil War. In an effort to change with the time the City has changed its form of government to council/manager and has hired the first City Manager in Darien or McIntosh County, Brett Cook

References

• A. W. Parker; Scottish Highlanders in Colonial Georgia, The Recruitment, Emigration and Settlement at Darien, 1735-1748; University of Georgia Press; 1997; ISBN 0820319155

External links

• Georgia's Coast in photographs and more
• Maps and aerial photos
  • Street map from Google Local or Yahoo! Maps
  • Topographic map from TopoZone
  • Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA
  • Satellite image from Google Local or Microsoft Virtual Earth

• sherpa guide Midway/Darien

• Sherpa Guide, Darien

• Fort King George
• Forts in Georgia
• Historical markers in MacIntosh County
• The burning of Darien
• 23 old men
• Georgia Magazine