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Darlingtonia (Darlingtonia californica), also called the California Pitcher plant or Cobra Lily, is a carnivorous plant in the family Sarraceniaceae. It is native to California and Oregon, growing in bogs and seeps. The name Cobra Lily is from the resemblance of the tubular leaves to a rearing cobra, complete with "fangs". Download high resolution version (960x1280, 632 KB)Darlingtonia (pitcher plant). ...
Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ...
Divisions Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta - liverworts Anthocerotophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongues Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Gnetophyta - gnetae Magnoliophyta - flowering plants Adiantum pedatum (a fern...
Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also called angiosperms) are a major group of land plants. ...
Orders see text Dicotyledons or dicots are flowering plants whose seed typically contains two embryonic leaves or cotyledons. ...
Families See text The Ericales are a large and diverse order of dicotyledons. ...
Genera Darlingtonia Heliamphora Sarracenia Families of Flowering Plants as of 2002-10-20 Sarraceniaceae is the Pitcher plant family, belonging to order Ericales, previously Nepenthales. ...
In biology, binomial nomenclature is the formal method of naming species. ...
John Torrey (August 15, 1796 - March 10, 1873) was an American botanist. ...
Unidentified Nepenthes species, possibly Pitcher plants (or pitfall traps) are carnivorous plants whose prey-trapping mechanism features a deep cavity filled with liquid. ...
A Nepenthes in flower, growing on a road cut in Palau A carnivorous plant is a plant that derives some or most of its nutrients (but not energy) by trapping and consuming animals, especially insects and other arthropods. ...
Genera Darlingtonia Heliamphora Sarracenia Families of Flowering Plants as of 2002-10-20 Sarraceniaceae is the Pitcher plant family, belonging to order Ericales, previously Nepenthales. ...
Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area - Total - Width - Length - % water - Latitude - Longitude Ranked 3rd 410,000 km² 402. ...
Official language(s) None Capital Salem Largest city Portland Area - Total - Width - Length - % water - Latitude - Longitude Ranked 9th 255,026 km² 420 km 580 km 2. ...
In botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized for photosynthesis. ...
Egyptian Cobra Cobras are venomous snakes of family Elapidae, of several genera. ...
The genus Darlingtonia is monotypic. Monotypic refers to a taxonomic group with only one subgroup at the next (smaller) taxonomic level, for example, a monotypic genus has only one species. ...
The plant was discovered in 1841 by the botanist William D. Brackenridge at Mount Shasta. In 1853 it was described by John Torrey, who named the genus Darlingtonia after a friend. take you to calendar). ...
Mount Shasta, (formerly known as Mt. ...
1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...
John Torrey (August 15, 1796 - March 10, 1873) was an American botanist. ...
Biology
The cobra lily is unique among the three genera of North American pitcher plants in two ways. First, it does not trap rainwater in its pitcher. Instead, it regulates the level of water inside manually by releasing or absorbing water into the trap that has been pumped up from the roots. Second, it doesn't produce any digestive enzymes. The cells that absorb nutrients from the inside of the pitcher are the same as those on the roots that absorb soil nutrients. Instead, the pitcher plant relies on symbiotic bacteria and protozoa to break down the captured insects into easily absorbed nutrients. Genera Darlingtonia Heliamphora Sarracenia Families of Flowering Plants as of 2002-10-20 Sarraceniaceae is the Pitcher plant family, belonging to order Ericales, previously Nepenthales. ...
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In addition to the use of lubricating secretions and downward-pointing hairs common to all pitcher plants to force their prey into the trap, this species carefully hides the tiny exit hole from trapped insects by curling it underneath and offering multiple translucent false exits. Upon trying many times to leave via the false exits, the insect will tire and fall down into the trap. The slippery walls and hairs prevent the trapped prey from escaping. The only other species that utilizes this technique is the Parrot Pitcher Plant, Sarracenia psittacina'. Species See text The genus Sarracenia contains eight (or arguably up to thirteen) species of North American pitcher plants. ...
A remaining mystery surrounding the cobra lily is its means of pollination. Its flower is unusually shaped and complex, typically a sign of a close pollinator-plant specialization, but none have been identified. The flower is yellowish purple in color and grows on a stalk with a similar length to the stalk. It has five sepals, green in color, which are longer then the red-veined petals. While pollination has not yet been observed in action, it is generally expected that the pollinator is either a fly attracted to the flower's unpleasant smell or some nocturnal insect, as no extensive study has been performed to observe potential nighttime pollinators. Honeybee and bumblebee pollinating a Sedum telephium Pollination is an important step in the reproduction of seed plants: the transfer of pollen grains (male gametes) to the plant carpel, the structure that contains the ovule (female gamete). ...
Clivia miniata bears bright orange flowers. ...
A pollinator is the agent that moves pollen from the male anthers of a flower to the female stigma of a flower to accomplish fertilization or syngamy of the female gamete in the ovule of the flower by the male gamete from the pollen grain. ...
Captive care Cobra lilies can be one of the most difficult carnivorous plants to keep in captivity, but this depends on the area in which they are cultivated. They prefer cool to warm daytime temperatures and cold/cool nighttime temperatures. The problem is that cobra lilies typically grow in bogs or streambanks that are fed by cold mountain water, and grow best when the roots are kept cooler than the rest of the plant. It is best to mimic these conditions in cultivation, and water the plants with cold, purified water. On hot days, it helps to place ice cubes of purified water on the soil surface. They prefer sunny conditions if in a humid, warm location, and prefer part-shade if humidity is low or fluctuates often. Plants can adapt to low humidity conditions, but optimum growth occurs under reasonable humidity. ImageMetadata File history File links Darlingtonia_californica02. ...
ImageMetadata File history File links Darlingtonia_californica02. ...
Growing cobra lilies from seed is extremely slow and cobra seedlings are difficult to maintain, so these plants are best propagated from the long stolons they grow in late winter and spring. When a baby cobra plant is visible at the end of the stolon (ususally in mid to late spring), the whole stolon may be cut into sections a few inches long, each with a few roots attached. Lay these upon cool, moist, shredded long-fibered sphagnum moss and place in a humid location with bright light. In many weeks, baby cobra plants will protrude from each section of stolon.
Like many other carnivorous plants, cobra lilies require a cold winter dormancy in order to live long-term. Plants die down to their tubers in frigid winters and will maintain their leaves in cool winters during their dormancy period. This period lasts from 3 to 5 months during the year, and all growth stops. As spring approaches, mature plants may send up a single, nodding flower, and a few weeks later the plant will send up a few larger-than-average pitchers. The plant continues producing pitchers throughout summer, however much smaller than the start-of-season pitchers.
Many carnivorous plant enthusiasts have succeeded in cultivating these plants, and have developed three new color morphs: all green, all red, and red-green bicolor.
Wild type plants are all green in moderate light and bicolor in intense sunlight.
See also Darlingtonia Botanical Wayside (18 acres) is a state park and botanical preserve located 5 miles north of Florence, Oregon on Highway 101, just south of Sutton Lake. ...
Florence is a city located in Lane County, Oregon. ...
External links - The Carnivorous Plant Society - Darlingtonia californica
- Darlingtonia State Natural Site
- Beautiful photography and extensive information about Darlingtonia
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