David Cronenberg
David Cronenberg at Cannes 2002
Birth name	David Paul Cronenberg
Born	March 15, 1943 (1943-03-15) (age 64) Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Occupation	Director, Producer, Writer, and Actor
Years active	1969-Present
Spouse(s)	Margaret Hindson (1970 - 1977) (divorced) Caroline Zeifman (1979 - present)
Influenced	Takashi Miike[1]

David Paul Cronenberg OC, FRSC (born March 15, 1943^[2]) is a Canadian film director and occasional actor. He is one of the principal originators of what is commonly known as the body horror or venereal horror genre. This style of filmmaking explores people's fears of bodily transformation and infection. In his films, the psychological is typically intertwined with the physical. In the first half of his career, he explored these themes mostly through horror and science fiction, although his work has since expanded beyond these genres. ImageMetadata File history File links David_Cronenberg(CannesPhotoCall)-.jpg Cronenberg David at Cannes in 2002. ... The Cannes Film Festival (French: le Festival de Cannes), founded in 1939, is one of the worlds oldest, most influential and prestigious film festivals. ... The year 2002 in film involved some significant events. ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Template:Hide = Motto: Template:Unhide = Diversity Our Strength Image:Toronto, Ontario Location. ... The film director, on the right, gives last minute direction to the cast and crew, whilst filming a costume drama on location in London. ... A film producer creates the conditions for making movies. ... Screenwriters, scenarists, or script writers, are authors who write the screenplays from which movies and television programs are made. ... For other uses, see Actor (disambiguation). ... Takashi Miike ) (born August 24, 1960) is a highly prolific and controversial Japanese filmmaker. ... Seal of the Order of Canada The Order of Canada is Canadas highest civilian honour, with membership awarded to those who exemplify the Orders Latin motto Desiderantes meliorem patriam, which means (those) desiring a better country (Hebrews 11. ... The Royal Society of Canada, (French: La Société royale du Canada) The Canadian Academy of the Sciences and Humanities, is the senior national body of distinguished Canadian scientists and scholars. ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The film director, on the right, gives last minute direction to the cast and crew, whilst filming a costume drama on location in London. ... For other uses, see Actor (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A film being made in Warsaw, Bracka street Filmmaking is the process of making a film, from an initial story idea or commission through scriptwriting, shooting, editing and finally distribution to an audience. ... An infection is the detrimental colonization of a host organism by a foreign species. ... “Horror Movie” redirects here. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...

Biography

Early life

Cronenberg was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, where he currently lives. He is the son of Esther (née Sumberg), a musician, and Milton Cronenberg, a writer and editor.^[2] He was raised in a middle-class secular Jewish family^[3][4][5] and attended to North Toronto Collegiate Institute when he was young, later graduating from the University of Toronto with a degree in literature, having switched from science. He has cited William S. Burroughs and Vladimir Nabokov as influences. Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government - Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley - Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 106 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... Née redirects here. ... This article is about the socio-economic class from a global vantage point. ... For other uses, see Jew (disambiguation). ... North Toronto Collegiate Institute (NTCI) is a non-semestered public high school of about 1,000 students located in Toronto, Ontario. ... The University of Toronto (U of T) is a public research university in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... William Seward Burroughs II (February 5, 1914) - August 2, 1997; pronounced ), more commonly known as William S. Burroughs, was an American novelist, essayist, social critic, painter and spoken word performer. ... Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov (Russian: Влади́мир Влади́мирович Набо́ков, pronounced ) (April 22 [O.S. April 10] 1899, Saint Petersburg – July 2, 1977, Montreux) was a Russian-American, Academy Award nominated author. ...

Career

After two short sketch films and two short art-house features (the black and white Stereo and the colour Crimes of the Future) Cronenberg went into partnership with Ivan Reitman. The Canadian government provided financing for Cronenberg's films through the 1970s. Cronenberg alternated his signature "body horror" films such as Shivers with projects reflecting his interest in car racing and bike gangs. Rabid exploited the unexpected acting talents of porn queen Marilyn Chambers (Cronenberg's first choice was a young unknown actress named Sissy Spacek). Rabid was a breakthrough with international distributors and his next two horror features gained stronger support. Stereo is a 1969 Canadian film written, shot, edited and directed by David Cronenberg. ... Crimes of the Future is a 1970 Canadian film written, shot, edited and directed by David Cronenberg. ... Ivan Reitman (born October 27, 1946 in Komárno in Czechoslovakia (now Slovakia) is a Slovakian-born, Canadian-raised Jewish film actor, producer, and director. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Shivers (also known as The Parasite Murders & They Came from Within) is a 1975 Canadian horror film written and directed by David Cronenberg. ... This article is about the 1977 film. ... PORN can refer to: An abbreviation for pornography Progressive outer retinal necrosis, a disease of the retina Categories: | ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Mary Elizabeth Sissy Spacek (born December 25, 1949) is an Academy Award-winning American actress and singer. ...

Over the arc of his career, Cronenberg's films follow a definite progression, a movement from the social world to the inner life. In his early films, scientists modify human bodies, which results in the breakdown of social order (e.g. Shivers, Rabid). In his middle period, the chaos wrought by the scientist is more personal, (e.g. The Brood, Scanners, Videodrome). In the later period, the scientist himself is altered by his experiment (e.g. Cronenberg's remake of The Fly). This trajectory culminates in Dead Ringers in which a twin pair of gynecologists spiral into codependency and drug addiction. Cronenberg's later films tend more to the psychological, often contrasting subjective and objective realities (eXistenZ, M. Butterfly, Spider). Perhaps the best example of a film that straddles the line between his works of personal chaos and psychological confusion is Cronenberg's "adaptation" of his literary hero Burroughs' most controversial book, Naked Lunch. The book itself (widely accepted as Burroughs' seminal work) was considered "unfilmable" and Cronenberg acknowledged that a straight translation of the book to film would "cost 100 million dollars and be banned in every country in the world". Instead, Cronenberg--much like in his earlier film, Videodrome--consistently blurred the lines between what appeared to be reality and what appeared to be hallucinations brought on by the main character's drug addiction. Some of the book's "moments" (as well as incidents loosely based upon Burroughs' life) are presented in this manner within the film. Cronenberg stated that while writing the screenplay for Naked Lunch, he felt a moment of synergy with the writing style of William S. Burroughs. He felt the connection between his screenwriting style and Burroughs' prose style was so strong, that he jokingly remarked that should Burroughs pass on, "I'll just write his next book". He also credits fellow director David Lynch, for giving him inspiration.^{[citation needed]} Shivers (also known as The Parasite Murders & They Came from Within) is a 1975 Canadian horror film written and directed by David Cronenberg. ... This article is about the 1977 film. ... The Brood is a 1979 Canadian horror film written and directed by David Cronenberg. ... Scanners is a 1981 action / science fiction / horror film written and directed by David Cronenberg. ... Not to be confused with the rock band Videodrone. ... The Fly is a 1986 science fiction/horror/romantic tragedy film produced by Brooksfilms and 20th Century Fox, directed by David Cronenberg, and starring Jeff Goldblum, Geena Davis and John Getz. ... Dead Ringers is a 1988 psychological horror film directed by David Cronenberg. ... The shamefulness associated with the examination of female genitalia has long inhibited the science of gynaecology. ... Codependence (or codependency) is a psychological condition in which someone exhibits too much, and often inappropriate, caring for other peoples struggles. ... Drug addiction, or dependency is the compulsive use of drugs, to the point where the user has no effective choice but to continue use. ... eXistenZ is a 1999 psychological thriller/science fiction film by Canadian director David Cronenberg. ... M. Butterfly is a 1993 film directed by David Cronenberg. ... Ralph Fiennes in Spider Spider is a 2001 film by Canadian director David Cronenberg. ... Naked Lunch is a 1991 film by the Canadian director David Cronenberg. ... A hallucination is a false sensory perception in the absence of an external stimulus, as distinct from an illusion, which is a misperception of an external stimulus. ... Drug addiction, or dependency is the compulsive use of drugs, to the point where the user has no effective choice but to continue use. ... Naked Lunch is a 1991 film by the Canadian director David Cronenberg. ... Synergy (from the Greek synergos, συνεργός meaning working together, circa 1660) refers to the phenomenon in which two or more discrete influences or agents acting together create an effect greater than that predicted by knowing only the separate effects of the individual agents. ... William Seward Burroughs II (February 5, 1914) - August 2, 1997; pronounced ), more commonly known as William S. Burroughs, was an American novelist, essayist, social critic, painter and spoken word performer. ... For other persons named David Lynch, see David Lynch (disambiguation). ...

Cronenberg has said that his films should be seen "from the point of view of the disease", and that, for example, he identifies with the characters in Shivers after they become infected with the anarchic parasites. Disease and disaster, in Cronenberg's work, are less problems to be overcome than agents of personal transformation. Similarly, in Crash (1996), people who have been injured in car crashes attempt to view their ordeal as "a fertilising rather than a destructive event". In 2006, Cronenberg would say that he was upset that Paul Haggis had chosen the same name for his Academy Award winning film Crash, feeling it was not only ethically wrong, but annoying as well. Morphological freedom is, according to neuroscientist Anders Sandberg, an extension of one’s right to one’s body, not just self-ownership but also the right to modify oneself according to one’s desires. ... Crash is a 1996 film written and directed by David Cronenberg. ... Paul Edward Haggis (born March 10, 1953 in London, Ontario) is an Academy Award-winning Canadian screenwriter, producer, film director, and a director/producer of television programs working in Hollywood. ... Although he never won an Oscar for any of his movie performances, the comedian Bob Hope received two honorary Oscars for his contributions to cinema. ... Crash is an Academy Award-winning drama film directed by Paul Haggis. ...

Aside from The Dead Zone (1983) and The Fly, Cronenberg has not generally worked within the world of big-budget, mainstream Hollywood filmmaking, although he has had occasional near misses. At one stage he was considered by George Lucas as a possible director for Return of the Jedi but was passed. Cronenberg also worked for nearly a year on a version of Total Recall but experienced "creative differences" with producers Dino De Laurentiis and Ronald Shusett. A different version of the film was eventually made by Paul Verhoeven. A fan of Philip K. Dick, the author of the short story ("We Can Remember it For You Wholesale") upon which Total Recall was based, Cronenberg related (in the biography/overview of his work, Cronenberg on Cronenberg) that his dissatisfaction with what he envisioned the film to be and what it ended up being pained him so greatly that for a time, he suffered a migraine just thinking about it, akin to a needle piercing his eye. ... George Walton Lucas, Jr. ... Movie poster Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi, is a science fiction film that debuted in 1983, and re-released with changes in 1997 and 2004. ... Total Recall is an American science fiction film released on June 1, 1990 starring Arnold Schwarzenegger, directed by Paul Verhoeven and written by Ronald Shusett, Dan OBannon, Jon Povill and Gary Goldman. ... Agostino De Laurentiis, usually credited as Dino De Laurentiis, (born August 8, 1919) is an Italian movie producer born at Torre Annunziata in the province of Naples. ... Paul Verhoeven (IPA: [pʌul vɛrhuvən]) (born July 18, 1938 in Amsterdam) is a Dutch film director, screenwriter, and film producer. ... Philip Kindred Dick (December 16, 1928 – March 2, 1982) was an American writer, mostly known for his works of science fiction. ...

In the late 1990s, Cronenberg was announced as director of a sequel to another Verhoeven film, Basic Instinct, but this also fell through. His recent work, the thriller A History of Violence (2005), is one of his highest budgeted and most mass audience-accessible to date. He has said that the decision to direct it was influenced by his having had to defer some of his salary on the low-budgeted Spider, but it is one of his most critically acclaimed films to date. Basic Instinct is a 1992 thriller film, directed by Paul Verhoeven and written by Joe Eszterhas. ... A History of Violence is 2005 film, directed by David Cronenberg. ... Ralph Fiennes in Spider Spider is a 2001 film by Canadian director David Cronenberg. ...

Cronenberg has hired Howard Shore to compose the soundtrack to nearly all of his films (see List of noted film director and composer collaborations). Other regular collaborators include actor Robert Silverman, art director Carol Spier, sound editor Bryan Day, film editor Ronald Sanders, his sister, costume designer Denise Cronenberg, and, from 1979 until 1988, cinematographer Mark Irwin. Howard Leslie Shore (born October 18, 1946) is an Oscar, Golden Globe and Grammy Award-winning Canadian composer, best known for composing the scores to The Lord of the Rings film trilogy and films of David Cronenberg. ... In film formats, the soundtrack is the physical area of the film which records the synchronized sound. ... The following film score composers and film directors typically work together on projects. ... The term art director, is an overall title for a variety of similar job functions in advertising, publishing, film and television, the Internet, and video games. ... A sound editor is a creative professional responsible for selecting and assembling sound recordings in preparation for the final sound mixing or mastering of a television program or motion picture. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Film editing. ... Costume designer is a cinema term which refers to a person whose responsibilty is to design costumes for a movie or stage production. ... Denise Cronenberg is a costume designer. ... Cameraman redirects here. ...

Since 1988's Dead Ringers, Cronenberg has worked with cinematographer Peter Suschitzky on each of his films (see List of noted film director and cinematographer collaborations). Suschitzky was the director of photography for Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back, and Cronenberg has repeatedly said that Suschitzky's work in that film made it the most beautiful sci-fi film he had ever seen, which was a motivating factor to work with him on Dead Ringers. Dead Ringers is a 1988 psychological horror film directed by David Cronenberg. ... Peter Suschitzky (born July 25, 1941) is a Polish-British cinematographer, born in Warsaw to fellow cinematographer Wolfgang Suschitzky. ... The following cinematographers and film directors typically work together on projects. ... Movie poster Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back is the sequel to the first released Star Wars movie, and the second film released in the original trilogy. ... Dead Ringers is a 1988 psychological horror film directed by David Cronenberg. ...

Coupled with the loyalty he shows to his key personnel, Cronenberg remains a staunchly Canadian filmmaker, with nearly all of his films (including major studio vehicles The Dead Zone and The Fly) having been filmed in his home province Ontario. Notable exceptions include M. Butterfly and Spider, most of which were shot in China and England, respectively. Also, Rabid and Shivers were shot in and around Montreal. Most of his films have been at least partially financed by Telefilm Canada, and Cronenberg is a vocal supporter of government-backed film projects, saying "Every country needs [a system of government grants] in order to have a national cinema in the face of Hollywood".^[6] For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Nickname: Motto: Concordia Salus (well-being through harmony) Coordinates: , Country Province Region Montréal Founded 1642 Established 1832 Government  - Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area [1][2][3]  - Total 365. ... Telefilm Canada is a federal cultural agency dedicated primarily to the development and promotion of the Canadian film, television, and new media industries. ... Grants are funds given to tax-exempt nonprofit organizations or local governments by foundations, corporations, governments, small business and individuals. ...

Cronenberg has also appeared in the films of other directors as an actor. Most of his roles are cameo appearances, as in Into The Night, Jason X, To Die For, and Alias, but on occasion he has played major roles, as in Nightbreed or Last Night. He has not played major roles in any of his own films, but he did put in a brief appearance as a gynecologist in The Fly; he can also be glimpsed among the sex-crazed hordes in Shivers; he can be heard as an unseen car-pound attendant in Crash; his hands can be glimpsed in eXistenZ; and he appeared as a stand-in for James Woods in Videodrome for shots in which Woods' character wore a helmet that covered his head. A cameo role or cameo appearance (often shortened to just cameo) is a brief appearance of a known person in a work of the performing arts, such as plays, films, video games and television. ... Jason X is a 2002 science fiction / slasher film, and the tenth in the Friday the 13th film series, starring Kane Hodder as the mass murderer Jason Voorhees. ... To Die For is a 1995 film written by Buck Henry, based on the novel of the same name by Joyce Maynard (ISBN 0595269397), and directed by Gus Van Sant. ... Alias is an American Spy-fi television series created by J. J. Abrams which was broadcast on ABC from September 30, 2001 to May 22, 2006, spanning five seasons. ... Nightbreed is a 1990 movie based on Clive Barkers novella Cabal. ... Last Night is a 1998 Canadian film by Don McKellar. ... The shamefulness associated with the examination of female genitalia has long inhibited the science of gynaecology. ... eXistenZ is a 1999 psychological thriller/science fiction film by Canadian director David Cronenberg. ... This article contains a trivia section. ...

Honours

In 1999, Cronenberg was inducted onto Canada's Walk of Fame.^[7] In 2002, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada, and in 2006. he was awarded the Cannes Film Festival's lifetime achievement award, the Carrosse d'Or.^[8] Also see: 2002 (number). ... Seal of the Order of Canada The Order of Canada is Canadas highest civilian honour, with membership awarded to those who exemplify the Orders Latin motto Desiderantes meliorem patriam, which means (those) desiring a better country (Hebrews 11. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Cannes Film Festival (French: le Festival de Cannes), founded in 1939, is one of the worlds oldest, most influential and prestigious film festivals. ...

In 2006, he was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, the senior national body of distinguished Canadian scientists and scholars.^[9] The Royal Society of Canada, (French: La Société royale du Canada) The Canadian Academy of the Sciences and Humanities, is the senior national body of distinguished Canadian scientists and scholars. ...

Filmography as director

Stereo is a 1969 Canadian film written, shot, edited and directed by David Cronenberg. ... Crimes of the Future is a 1970 Canadian film written, shot, edited and directed by David Cronenberg. ... Shivers (also known as The Parasite Murders & They Came from Within) is a 1975 Canadian horror film written and directed by David Cronenberg. ... This article is about the 1977 film. ... Fast Company is a 1979 film by Canadian director David Cronenberg. ... The Brood is a 1979 Canadian horror film written and directed by David Cronenberg. ... Scanners is a 1981 action / science fiction / horror film written and directed by David Cronenberg. ... Not to be confused with the rock band Videodrone. ... The Dead Zone is a 1983 horror film/Thriller film based on the Stephen King novel of the same name. ... The Fly is a 1986 science fiction film produced by Brooksfilms and Twentieth Century Fox Television, directed by David Cronenberg, and starring Jeff Goldblum, Geena Davis and John Getz. ... Dead Ringers is a 1988 psychological horror film directed by David Cronenberg. ... Naked Lunch is a 1991 film by the Canadian director David Cronenberg. ... M. Butterfly is a 1993 film directed by David Cronenberg. ... Crash is a 1996 film written and directed by David Cronenberg. ... eXistenZ is a 1999 psychological thriller/science fiction film by Canadian director David Cronenberg. ... Ralph Fiennes in Spider Spider is a 2001 film by Canadian director David Cronenberg. ... A History of Violence is 2005 film, directed by David Cronenberg. ... Eastern Promises is a 2007 drama and feature film to be directed by David Cronenberg. ... Transfer is a 1966 short film written, shot, edited and directed by David Cronenberg. ... From the Drain is a short film by David Cronenberg, directed by him in 1967 while he was still a student. ... RealMedia is a multimedia container format created by RealNetworks. ... This quirky six minute short was one of several made in celebration of the 25th anniversary of the Toronto International Film Festival. ... Friday the 13th: The Series was a television series that ran for three seasons, from September 1987 to May of 1990. ... The Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario was established in 1906 by the provincial Power Commission Act to build transmission lines to supply municipal utilities with electricity generated by private companies already operating at Niagara Falls. ... William Neilson Dairy Limited is a Canadian dairy company owned by George Weston Limited. ... Nike, Inc. ...

Filmography as producer

• Drone (2008)
• I'm Losing You (1998)

Filmography as actor

• Into the Night (1985)
• The Fly (1986, cameo)
• Nightbreed (1990)
• To Die For (1995, cameo)
• The Stupids (1996, cameo)
• Last Night (1998)
• Resurrection (1999)
• Jason X (2001)
• Alias (TV) (2003) (Episodes "Remnants" and "Conscious")

This article is about the 1985 film. ... The Fly may refer to one of the following: The Fly Films and other media: The Fly (1958 film). ... Nightbreed is a 1990 movie based on Clive Barkers novella Cabal. ... To Die For is a 1995 film written by Buck Henry, based on the novel of the same name by Joyce Maynard (ISBN 0595269397), and directed by Gus Van Sant. ... For the skatepunk band see The Stupids (band) For the 1996 film, see The Stupids (film) The Stupids are a fictional family created by Harry Allard and James Marshall who appear in series of books by them. ... Last Night is a 1998 Canadian film by Don McKellar. ... Resurrection is a 1999 horror/thriller film directed by Russell Mulcahy Spoiler warning: The film is about the gruesome tale of Detective John Prudhomme, a Cajun transplanted to Chicago, who is assigned to investigate the savage murder of a man who has bled to death from a severed arm. ... Jason X is a 2002 science fiction / slasher film, and the tenth in the Friday the 13th film series, starring Kane Hodder as the mass murderer Jason Voorhees. ... Alias is an American Spy-fi television series created by J. J. Abrams which was broadcast on ABC from September 30, 2001 to May 22, 2006, spanning five seasons. ... This article contains episode summaries as well as directing and writing credits from Season 3 of the American drama/adventure television series Alias. ... This article contains episode summaries as well as directing and writing credits from Season 3 of the American drama/adventure television series Alias. ...

Further reading

• Mark Browning (2007): David Cronenberg: Author or Filmmaker? (ISBN 9781841501734)
• Thomas J. Dreibrodt (2000): Lang lebe das neue Fleisch. Die Filme von David Cronenberg - von 'Shivers' bis 'eXistenZ'. (academic; in German) (ISBN 3-932872-05-3)
• Serge Grünberg, ed. (2006): David Cronenberg (interviews) (ISBN 0-85965-376-5)
• Piers Handling (1983): The Shape of Rage: The Films of David Cronenberg (ISBN 0-7736-1137-1)
• Kim Newman (1989): Nightmare Movies: A Critical History of the Horror Film 1968-1988 (ISBN 0-517-57366-0)
• Drehli Robnik, Michael Palm, eds. (1992): Und das Wort ist Fleisch geworden. Texte über Filme von David Cronenberg. Vienna, PVS: 1992. ISBN 3-901196-02-1
• Chris Rodley, ed. (1996): Cronenberg on Cronenberg (ISBN 0-571-19137-1)

Kim Newman (born July 31, 1959) is an English journalist, film critic, and fiction writer. ...

Bibliographies

• David Cronenberg Bibliography (via UC Berkeley)

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

David Cronenberg

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...

External links

• David Cronenberg at the Internet Movie Database
• David Cronenberg at Northern Stars
• Senses of Cinema: Great Directors Critical Database
• An article on Salon.com
• An interview, circa 1999
• Director's statement by David Cronenberg on 'Stereo' and 'Crimes of the Future', 2005
• Canadian Film Encyclopedia (A publication of The Film Reference Library/A division of the Toronto International Film Festival Group)
• BBC interview with Cronenberg (Video - 19 October, 2007)

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