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Deaconess (and also deacon) comes from a Greek word diakonos (διακονος). This Greek word means a servant or helper and occurs frequently in the Christian New Testament of the Bible and is sometimes applied to Christ himself. Deacon is a role in the Christian Church which is generally associated with service of some kind, but which varies among theological and denominational traditions. ...
Christians believe that Jesus is the mediator of the New Covenant (see Hebrews 8:6). ...
John 21:1 Jesus Appears to His Disciples--Alessandro Mantovani: the Vatican, Rome. ...
This Gutenberg Bible is displayed by the United States Library of Congress. ...
Christ is the English translation of the Greek word (Christós), which literally means The Anointed One. ...
Early Christian History
Deaconesses trace their roots to Biblical times when women were recognized as "spiritual ministers" by the early church to care for the poor, for widows and orphans, and provide catechism instruction to female candidates for baptism. The Apostle Paul commends a deaconess, Phoebe, to the Romans in the last chapter of the Epistle to the Romans. Paul's reference to Phoebe, "deaconess of the Church of Cenchrae", in Romans 16:1 should be understood against the background of developing ministries in the early Christian church rather than as a reference to an established female diaconate at the time. The office gradually developed, and was recognized by the Church, though it was not considered to be an ordained ministry (the First Council of Nicea stated in 325 that deaconesses did not receive ordination and were to be considered as part of the laity). Deaconesses carried out various tasks and ministries which did not require Holy Orders – they helped with the Baptism of women converts, especially when it was done by total immersion; they presided at prayer services for women; and they distributed Holy Communion in the absence of a priest. As adult baptisms became less frequent, deaconesses became rarer, but were found in the Roman Catholic Church until the eleventh century. Codex Manesse, fol. ...
Baptism in early Christian art. ...
Paul of Tarsus (b. ...
Phoebe (Christian woman) was mentioned by the Apostle Paul in Romans 16:1 as a deaconess of the early Christian church located in Cenchrea, an eastern port of Corinth. ...
The Epistle to the Romans is one of the letters of the New Testament canon of the Christian Bible. ...
The First Council of Nicaea, which took place during the reign of the emperor Constantine in 325, was the first ecumenical (from Greek oikumene, worldwide) conference of bishops of the Christian Church. ...
Events May 20 - First Council of Nicaea - first Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church: The Nicene Creed is formulated, the date of Easter is discussed. ...
Catholic deacon candidates prostrate before the altar of the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels in Los Angeles during a 2004 diaconate ordination liturgy Holy Orders in the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Anglican, Assyrian, Old Catholic, and Independent Catholic churches includes three orders: bishop, priest, and deacon. ...
The Eucharist is either the Christian sacrament of consecrated bread and wine or the ritual surrounding it. ...
The Roman Catholic Church or Catholic Church (see terminology below) is the Christian Church in full communion with the Bishop of Rome, currently Pope Benedict XVI. It traces its origins to the original Christian community founded by Jesus Christ and led by the Twelve Apostles, in particular Saint Peter. ...
Modern history The modern deaconess movement began in Germany in 1836 when Theodor Fliedner and his wife Friedericke Munster opened the first deaconess motherhouse in Kaiserswerth on the Rhine. Fifty years later, there were over 5000 deaconesses in Europe. In 1884, John Lankenau, a business owner, brought 7 sisters from Germany to run the German hospital in Philadelphia. Other deaconesses soon followed and began ministries in several United States cities with large Lutheran populations. By the 1963 formation of the Lutheran Church in America, there were three main centers for deaconess work: Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Omaha. These three sisterhoods combined and form what became the Deaconess Community of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America or ELCA. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...
Kaiserswerth is one of the oldest parts of the City of Düsseldorf, it is in the north of the city, and next to the river Rhine. ...
The Lutheran Church in America (LCA) was a U.S. Lutheran church body that existed from 1962 to 1987. ...
The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) is a mainline Protestant denomination headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. ...
The spiritual revival in the Americas and Europe of the nineteenth century brought rapid social change. Women who began to seek new roles for themselves turned to deaconess service. For women with a calling to serve God, this was a socially acceptable role at that time. Allowed to function as lay ministers or servants and not ordained clergy, women filled the traditional societal role of caregivers and teachers for various churches.
Denominations The term Anglican describes those people and churches following the religious traditions of the Church of England, especially following the Reformation. ...
Baptist is a term describing a tradition within Christianity that may also refer to individuals belonging to a Baptist church or a Baptist denomination. ...
The Eastern Orthodox Church is a Christian body that views itself as the historical continuation of the original Christian community established by Jesus and the Twelve Apostles, preserving the traditions of the early church unchanged, accepting the canonicity of the first seven ecumenical councils held between the 4th and the...
The term Eastern Rites may refer to the liturgical rites used by many ancient Christian Churches of Eastern Europe and the Middle East that, while being part of the Roman Catholic Church, are distinct from the Latin Rite or Western Church. ...
The term Oriental Orthodoxy refers to the communion of Eastern Christian Churches that recognize only the first three ecumenical councils — the First Council of Nicaea, the First Council of Constantinople and the Council of Ephesus — and reject the dogmatic definitions of the Council of Chalcedon. ...
The Lutheran movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity by the original definition. ...
The Methodist Church of Great Britain or British Methodist Church is the largest Wesleyan / Methodist body in the United Kingdom, with congregations across Great Britain and the Isle of Man. ...
Presbyterianism is part of the Reformed churches family of denominations of Christian Protestantism based on the teachings of John Calvin which traces its institutional roots to the Scottish Reformation, especially as led by John Knox. ...
The Reformed Episcopal Church is an Anglican church in the United States and Canada. ...
The Roman Catholic Church or Catholic Church (see terminology below) is the Christian Church in full communion with the Bishop of Rome, currently Pope Benedict XVI. It traces its origins to the original Christian community founded by Jesus Christ and led by the Twelve Apostles, in particular Saint Peter. ...
Disambiguation: This article is about the United States denomination known as United Church of Christ. ...
This article is about the current denomination in the United States. ...
References - Church of England. The ministry of women, 1920. Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge ; Macmillan,
- De Swarte Gifford, Carolyn. The American Deaconess movement in the early twentieth century, 1987. Garland Pub., ISBN 0-8240-0650-X
- Ingersol, S. (n.d.). "The deaconess in Nazarene history". Herald of Holiness, 36.
- Diakonissen-Anstalt Kaiserswerth.Vierzehnter Bericht über die Diakonissen-Stationen am Libanon : namentlich über das Waisenhaus Zoar in Beirut, vom 1. Juli 1885 bis 30. Juni 1887. 1887. Verlag der Diakonissen-Anstalt,
- Forbes Ludlow, John Malcolm Woman's work in the church : historical notes on deaconesses and sisterhoods, 1978, 1866, Zenger Pub. Co., ; ISBN 0-89201-007-X
- Grygo, Elizabeth N. The Deaconess Movement in the Russian Orthodox Church, 1860-1917..Thesis (M.A.I.S.)--University of Washington, 1990
- Gvosdev, Ellen. The female diaconate : an historical perspective, 1991., Light and Life, ; ISBN 0-937032-80-8
- Lauterer, Heide-Marie. Liebestätigkeit für die Volksgemeinschaft : der Kaiserwerther Verband deutscher Diakonissenmutterhäuser in den ersten Jahren des NS-Regimes, 1994. Göttingen : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, ; ISBN 3-525-55722-1
- Markkola, Pirjo. Synti ja siveys : naiset, uskonto ja sosiaalinen työ Suomessa 1860-1920. 2002, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, ; ISBN 951-746-388-X
- Olson, Jeannine E. One ministry many roles : deacons and deaconesses through the centuries, 1992, Concordia Pub. House, ; ISBN 0-570-04596-7
- Salmond, James David. By love serve : the story of the Order of Deaconesses of the Presbyterian Church of New Zealand, 1962. Presbyterian Bookroom
- Späth, A. Phöbe, die Diakonissin : vortrag, 1885. Zu beziehen durch .
- Webber, Brenda, Beatrice Fernande. The Joy of service : life stories of racial and ethnic minority deaconesses and home missionaries, 1992. General Board of Global Ministries
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