Debar

Debar on the map of Republic of Macedonia

Debar (Cyrillic: Дебар) is a city in the western part of the Republic of Macedonia, near the border with Albania, on the road from the city of Struga to the city of Gostivar. It is a seat of the Debar municipality. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 600 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (2000 × 2000 pixel, file size: 98 KB, MIME type: image/png) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Debar Kičevo... Image File history File links Red_pog. ... For an explanation of terms related to Macedonia, see Macedonia (terminology). ... 69. ... Gostivar-view on the city center Gostivar (Macedonian: Гостивар; Albanian: Gostivari) is city in the Republic of Macedonia, located in the upper Polog region. ... [[Image:|250px|center|Location of Debar municipality]] Municipality center Debar Mayor [[]] Municipality area km² Population  - density 19,542 people/km² Time zone  - Standard  - Summer (DST) CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) Status [[]] Area code +389 Car plates Postal code Official Website [http:// ] Debar (Macedonian: Дебар) is a municipality in western Republic...

Geography

Debar is surrounded by the mountains Deshat, Stogovo, Jablanica and Bistra. It is located 625 meters above sea level, next to Lake Debar, the Black Drin river and its smaller break-off river Radika. Lyskamm, 4 527 m, Pennine Alps A mountain is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain in a limited area. ... Deshat is a mountain on the border between the Republic of Macedonia and Albania. ... Stogovo is a mountain in the western part of the Republic of Macedonia. ... Jablanica is a mountain in the Republic of Macedonia. ... Bistra (English: Clear mountain) is one of the most interesting mountains in the Republic of Macedonia. ... The Black Drin (Albanian: Drini i Zi, meaning the black deer; Macedonian: Crn Drim) is a river in the Republic of Macedonia and Albania. ... The Radika (Serbian Cyrillic and Macedonian: Радика) is a river in southern Serbia (Kosovo and Metohija) and eastern Macedonia, a 70 km-long right tributary to the Crni Drim river. ...

Population

According to the last census data from 2002, Debar municipality has about 20,000 inhabitants (Macedonians (4,7%), Albanians (88,2%) and Turks (3.3%) Other people (3,8)).

Name

The name of the city in Macedonian language is Дебар / Debar, in Albanian Dibër or Dibra, in Turkish Debre and in Greek Δίβρη (Dibrē) or Δίβρα (Dibra).

History

Monastery of Saint Jovan Bigorski Monastery near Debar.

The first recorded document mentioning Debar is the map of Ptolemy, dating around the middle of the 2nd century, in which it is called Deborus. The Byzantine emperor Basil II knew of its existence, and Felix Petancic referred to it as Dibri in 1502. Image File history File linksMetadata Saint_John_Bigorski. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Saint_John_Bigorski. ... Monastery of St. ... A medieval artists rendition of Claudius Ptolemaeus Claudius Ptolemaeus (Greek: ; c. ... The 2nd century is the period from 101 - 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. ... This is a list of the Emperors of the late Eastern Roman Empire, called Byzantine by modern historians. ... Painting of Basil II, from an 11th century manuscript. ...

The city was subsequently conquered by the First Bulgarian Empire, but lost to the Byzantines under Tsar Samuil by the early 11th century, as Bulgaria was subjugated. The First Bulgarian Empire was founded in 681 AD in the lands near the Danube delta and disintegrated in 1018 AD by annexion to the Byzantine Empire. ... Samuil (Bulgarian: Самуил) (ca. ...

Bohemond and his Norman army took the city in 1107. In the 13th and 14th century, the city changed hands between Despotate of Epirus, the Second Bulgarian Empire, Byzantine Empire and Serbia. Bohemund I of Antioch (c. ... Norman conquests in red. ... The Despotate of Epirus was one of the medieval Greek successor states of the Byzantine Empire, founded in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade in 1204. ... The Second Bulgarian Empire was a medieval Bulgarian state which existed between 1185 and 1396 (or 1422). ... Byzantine Empire at its greatest extent c. ... Anthem: Serbia() on the European continent() Capital (and largest city)  Belgrade Official languages Serbian written with the Cyrillic alphabet1 Government Parliamentary republic  - President Boris Tadić  - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Establishment  - Formation 8th century   - Independence c. ...

At the end of the 14th century it is conquered by the Ottomans. The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Imperial motto El Muzaffer Daima The Ever Victorious (as written in tugra) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital İstanbul ( Constantinople/Asitane/Konstantiniyye ) Sovereigns Sultans of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million Area 12+ million km² Establishment 1299 Dissolution October 29...

During the time of the Albanian prince Gjergj Kastriot Skenderbeg, it played a major role in the rebelions of Albanian population against the Ottomans. Debar region was the borderline between the Ottomans and the rebels between 1443 and 1465 and became an area of continuous conflict. There were two major battles near Debar April 29, 1444 and September 27, 1446, both ending as Ottoman defeats. Scanderbeg sculpture Gjergj Kastrioti (Italian: Giorgio Castriota) (1405–January 17, 1468), better known as Skanderbeg or Skenderbej, was an Albanian leader who resisted the expanding Ottoman Empire for 25 years and is today considered a national hero of Albania. ...

In the early 19th century, when Debar rebelled against the Turkish Sultan, the French traveller, publicist, and scientist Ami Bue observed that Debar had 64 shops and 4,200 residents.

Debar was significantly involved in the national Albanian movement and on November 1, 1878 the Albanian leaders of the city participated in founding the League of Prizren. November 1 is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 60 days remaining. ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The League of Prizren (Albanian: Lidhja e Prizrenit) was created on June 10, 1878 in a mosque in Prizren, Kosovo by 300 Albanian nationalist leaders, mostly from Kosovo, Western former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, and Muslim leaders from Bosnia-Hercegovina and the Sandzak, in order to achieve an autonomous Albanian...

During the First Balkan War of 1912-1913, the city was annexed by the Kingdom of Serbia. In September of 1913 during an Albanian invasion of Serbia, Albanian armed forces occupied the city, but the Serbian Army regained it later that month.^{[citation needed]} // Combatants Ottoman Empire Balkan League: Bulgaria Montenegro Greece Serbia Commanders Nizam Pasha, Zekki Pasha, Esat Pasha, Abdullah Pasha, Ali Rizah Pasha Bulgaria: Vladimir Vazov, Vasil Kutinchev, Nikola Ivanov, Radko Dimitriev Serbia: Radomir Putnik, Petar Bojović, Stepa Stepanović Greece:Crown Prince Constantine, Panagiotis Danglis, Pavlos Kountouriotis Strength 350,000 men Bulgaria...

By the end of the century, the town had 15,500 residents, but after World War I, this number started to decline. Combatants Allied Powers: Russian Empire France British Empire Italy United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary German Empire Ottoman Empire Bulgaria Commanders Nikolay II Aleksey Brusilov Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Ferdinand Foch Robert Nivelle Herbert H. Asquith D. Lloyd George Sir Douglas Haig Sir John Jellicoe Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna...

Culture

Woodcarving detail in the Saint Jovan Bigorski Monastery.

From the 17th to 19th century, woodcarving masters from Debar were recognized for their skill. Their work can be seen in many churches throughout the Balkan Peninsula. One of their masterpieces is the iconostasis in wood-carved iconostasis in the monastery of Saint Jovan Bigorski, near the town of Debar. The monastery was rebuilt in th 19th century and is situated on the slopes of Mount Bistra, above the banks of the River Radika. The monastery was built on the remains of an older church dating from 1021. Image File history File links Bigorski1. ... Image File history File links Bigorski1. ... Monastery of St. ... Carved wooden cranes Wood carving is a form of working wood by means of a cutting tool held in the hand (this may be a power tool), resulting in a wooden figure or figurine (this may be abstract in nature) or in the ornamentation of a wooden object. ... The Balkans is the historic and geographic name used to describe southeastern Europe (see the Definitions and boundaries section below). ... 17th-century iconostasis of Prophet Elias church, Yaroslavl. ... Monastery of St. ... Bistra (English: Clear mountain) is one of the most interesting mountains in the Republic of Macedonia. ... The Radika (Serbian Cyrillic and Macedonian: Радика) is a river in southern Serbia (Kosovo and Metohija) and eastern Macedonia, a 70 km-long right tributary to the Crni Drim river. ...

Another important religious monument is the monastery of Saint Gjorgi in the village of Rajcica in the immediate vicinity of Debar. The monastery was recently built.

Grigor Prlichev was given the title Second Homer in 1860 in Athens for his poem The Serdar . Based on a folk poem, it deals with the exploits and heroic death of Kuzman Kapidan, a famous hero and protector of Christian people in the Debar region in their struggle with bandits.

Some of the oldest and richest Albanian epics still exist in the Debar regions and are part of the Albanian mythological heritage.

References

• The History of Byzantine State by G. Ostrogorsky
• History of the Macedonian People from Ancient times to the Present by R.Stefov, Part 19 [1]
• The Serdar by G. Prlicev

Cities and Towns in the Republic of Macedonia
Berovo | Bitola | Bogdanci | Debar | Delčevo | Demir Kapija | Demir Hisar | Gevgelija | Gostivar | Kavadarci | Kičevo | Kočani | Kratovo | Kriva Palanka | Kruševo | Kumanovo | Makedonski Brod | Makedonska Kamenica | Negotino | Ohrid | Pehčevo | Prilep | Probištip | Radoviš | Resen | Štip | Skopje | Struga | Strumica | Sveti Nikole | Tetovo | Valandovo | Veles | Vinica

Coordinates: 41°31′N 20°32′E For an explanation of terms related to Macedonia, see Macedonia (terminology). ... Image File history File links Flag-map_of_FYR_Macedonia. ... Berovo is a small city near the MaleÅ¡evo mountains, 161 km far away from Skopje, 47 km from Strumica and 52km from Kočani, in the Republic of Macedonia. ... City motto : Битола, бабам Битола (Bitola, babam Bitola) Coordinates Municipality : Bitola municipality Elevation 576 m Population 95 385 Time zone  - Standard  - Summer (DST) CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) Founded Area code +389 047 Postal code 7000 Car plates BT Official Website www. ... Bogdanci is a town in the southeastern Republic of Macedonia, close to the border with Greece. ... City motto : Coordinates Municipality : Delčevo municipality Elevation m Population 10 454 Time zone  - Standard  - Summer (DST) CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) Founded Area code +389 033 Postal code 2320 Car plates Å T Official Website www. ... Demir Kapija (4,815 inhabitants) is a town located near the Gates of the same name. ... Community of Demir Hisar Coat of arms Demir Hisar or in translation it is known as Zeleznec, is an area that’s spreading on the South West part of Republic of Macedonia or North West from the Pelagonian low lands, around the river flow of the river Crna with her... Gevgelija on the map of Republic of Macedonia Coat of arms of Gevgelija Gevgelija (Macedonian: Гевгелија, Greek: Γευγελή, Yevyelí) is a town with a population of 20,362 located in the very southeast of the Republic of Macedonia along the banks of the Vardar River, situated at the countrys main border... Gostivar-view on the city center Gostivar (Macedonian: Гостивар; Albanian: Gostivari) is city in the Republic of Macedonia, located in the upper Polog region. ... City motto : Coordinates Municipality : Kavadarci municipality Elevation 150 m Population 38 934 Time zone  - Standard  - Summer (DST) CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) Founded Area code +389 043 Postal code 1430 Car plates VE Official Website www. ... KI or ki can refer to: The Japanese word ki 気, from Chinese Qi, the originally Chinese cultural concept meaning life force or spiritual energy. See main article: Qi The Kikuyu language (ISO 639 alpha-2, ki) Kiribati (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code, KI) The chemical compound potassium... Category: ... Kratovo is a small picturesque town in the Republic of Macedonia. ... The municipality of Kriva Palanka is located in the northeastern part of the Republic of Macedonia. ... KruÅ¡evo (Aromanian: Crushuva;Macedonian/Bulgarian: Крушево; Greek: Κρούσοβο, Krusovo) is a town in Republic of Macedonia. ... City motto : Coordinates Municipality : Kumanovo municipality Elevation 340 m Population 105 484 Time zone  - Standard  - Summer (DST) CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) Founded Area code +389 031 Postal code 1300 Car plates KU Official Website www. ... Devina tower in Makedonski Brod Makedonski brod is a city in central part of the country, on the south-eastern part of Suva Gora, western Karadzica and south-western Dautica mountains. ... Makedonska Kamenica or Македонска Каменица is a town in north-eastern Macedonia. ... City motto : Coordinates Municipality : Negotino municipality Elevation 150 m Population 13. ... City motto : Coordinates Municipality : Ohrid municipality Elevation 695 m Population 55 749 Time zone  - Standard  - Summer (DST) CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) Founded Area code +389 046 Postal code 6000 Car plates OH Official Website www. ... Pehčevo is a small town and municipality situated in the east of The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. ... City motto : Coordinates Municipality : Prilep municipality Elevation 620 – 650 m Population 76 768 Time zone  - Standard  - Summer (DST) CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) Founded Area code +389 048 Postal code 7500 Car plates PP Official Website www. ... City motto : Coordinates Municipality : ProbiÅ¡tip municipality Elevation m Population 10 826 Time zone  - Standard  - Summer (DST) CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) Founded Area code +389 032 Postal code 2210 Car plates Å T Official Website www. ... Centre of Radovish RadoviÅ¡ (Macedonian: Радовиш) is positioned in the southeastern part of the Republic of Macedonia. ... Resen is a city in Republic of Macedonia. ... City motto : Coordinates Municipality : Å tip municipality Elevation m Population 46 732 Time zone  - Standard  - Summer (DST) CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) Founded Area code +389 032 Postal code 2000 Car plates Å T Official Website www. ... Skopje (Macedonian: ) is the capital and largest city in the Republic of Macedonia, with more than a quarter of the population of the country, as well as the political, cultural, economical and academic centre of the country. ... 69. ... Strumica (Macedonian/Bulgarian: Струмица, Greek: Στρώμνιτσα Stromnitsa, Turkish: Usturumca) is a city of about 55,000 people in southeastern Republic of Macedonia. ... Sveti Nikole (literally means Saint Nicholas) is the center of a plain called Ovche Pole (Plain of sheep), famous for sheep farming, lamb meat, and dairy products of all kinds. ... City motto : Coordinates Municipality : Tetovo municipality Elevation 486 m Population 80 841 Time zone  - Standard  - Summer (DST) CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) Founded Area code +389 044 Postal code 1200 Car plates TE Official Website tetovo. ... Valandovo is a town in the southeastern Republic of Macedonia. ... Veles is a city in the center of the Republic of Macedonia on the Vardar river. ... Vinica is a city in the Republic of Macedonia. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...