Alexandroupoli (Αλεξανδρούπολη)
Periphery	East Macedonia and Thrace
Prefecture	Evros
Province
Population	52,720 source (2001)
Area	642.2 km²
Population density	82/km²
Elevation	11 m
Coordinates	40°51′ N 25°52′ E
Postal code	681 00
Area code	25510
Licence plate code	ΕΒ
Mayor
Website

Alexandroupoli (also Alexandroupolis, Greek: Αλεξανδρούπολη - Alexandroúpoli, Turkish: Dedeağaç) is a city of Greece and the capital of the Evros Prefecture in Thrace. Image File history File links map File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The peripheries (περιφέρειες) are the subnational divisions of Greece. ... East Macedonia and Thrace is one of the thirteen peripheries of Greece, being the eastern part of Greek Macedonia along with Thrace. ... Greece consists of 13 administrative regions known as Peripheries of Greece, which are further subdivided into 51 prefectures (nomoi, singular - nomos, Greek: νομοί, νομός)): See also List of the prefectures of Greece by area List of the prefectures of Greece by population density List of the prefectures of Greece by population External... Evros (Greek: Έβρος) is one of the fifty-one prefectures of Greece and is the northernmost. ... Here are a lists of the provinces (Greek: επαρχεία, eparcheia fr. ... -1... Basic Definition In geography, the elevation of a geographic location is its height above mean sea level (or some other fixed point). ... See Cartesian coordinate system or Coordinates (elementary mathematics) for a more elementary introduction to this topic. ... Here are list of postal codes in Greece. ... This is an alphabetical list by town of dialing codes in Greece. ... Greek car number plates are composed of three letters and four digits per plate (e. ... A mayor (from the Latin maÄ«or, meaning larger,greater) is the politician who serves as chief executive official of some types of municipalities. ... The front page of the English Wikipedia Website. ... Evros (Greek: Έβρος) is one of the fifty-one prefectures of Greece and is the northernmost. ... Thrace (Greek Θρᾴκη, ThrákÄ“, Bulgarian Тракия, Trakija, Turkish Trakya; Latin: Thracia or Threcia) is a historical and geographic area in southeast Europe spread over southern Bulgaria, northeastern Greece (Western Thrace), and European Turkey. ...

Geography

Alexandroupoli is about 14.5 kilometres west of the mouth of the river Maritsa (Evros) and the border with Turkey, 391 kilometres from Thessaloniki, and 849 kilometres from Athens. At the 1991 census the main city had a population of 36,994, and the municipality had a population of 38,220. A kilometre (American spelling: kilometer), symbol: km is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1000 metres (from the Greek words χίλια (khilia) = thousand and μέτρο (metro) = count/measure). ... The Maritsa or Evros (Bulgarian: Марица, Greek: Εβρος, Romanized as Hebrus, Turkish: Meriç) river is ca . ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Athens (Greek: Αθήνα Athína IPA ) is the capital of Greece and one of the most famous cities in the world. ... 1991 (MCMXCI in Roman) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

History

The city's history only goes back to the 19th century. Long used as a landing ground for fishermen from the coast of Samothrace opposite, the location was known as Dedeagatch (Greek: Dedeagats, and Dedeağaç in Turkish, meaning "tree of the monk"). The name was based on a local tradition of a wise dervish having spent much of his time in the shade of a local tree and being eventually buried beside it. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Samothrace Samothrace (in Greek: Σαμοθρακη, Samothraki) is an island in Greece, in the northern Aegean Sea. ... The coniferous Sequoia, the tallest tree species on earth A tree can be defined as a large, perennial, woody plant. ... A Roman Catholic monk A monk is a person who practices monasticism, adopting a strict religious and ascetic lifestyle, usually in community with others following the same path. ... The word Dervish, especially in European languages, refers to members of Sufi Muslim ascetic religious fraternities, known for their extreme poverty and austerity, similar to mendicant friars. ... Shade is the blocking of sunlight (in particular direct sunshine) by any object, and also the shadow created by that object. ...

A small settlement developed in the area during the construction of a railway line connecting Constantinople to the major cities of Macedonia. The work was part of an effort to modernise the Ottoman Empire, and was assigned to engineers from Austria-Hungary. The settlement soon grew into a fishing village, which also used the name Dedeagatch. Railroad or railway tracks are used on railways, which, together with railroad switches (points), guide trains without the need for steering. ... Map of Constantinople. ... Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (the Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power (1683) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Sogut (1299-1326), Bursa (1326-1365), Edirne (1365-1453), İstanbul (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanli Dynasty... Austria-Hungary, also known as the Dual monarchy (or: the k. ... Fishing is the activity of hunting for fish. ... A village is a human settlement commonly found in rural areas. ...

Dedeagatch was captured by the army of Imperial Russia during the last Russo–Turkish War of 1877–1878, and Russian forces settled in the village. The officers in charge put some effort into urban planning, with an emphasis on the design of wide streets, allowing the quick advance of troops. The streets run parallel to each other, and cul-de-sacs were avoided as too confusing. This was very unlike the narrow allies, cobbled streets, and dead-ends that were characteristic of Ottoman cities at the time. The city returned to Ottoman control by the end of the war, but the brief Russian presence has had a lasting influence in the design of Alexandroupoli' urban streets. Economic development The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were times of crisis for Russia. ... The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 had its origins in the Russian goal of gaining access to the Mediterranean Sea and dominating Constantinople (Istanbul) and the adjacent Turkish Straits. ... 1877 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1878 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Urban, city, or town planning, deals with the physical, social and economic development of metropolitan regions, municipalities and neighborhoods. ... A street in Ynysybwl, Wales, typical of a small town A street is a public parcel of land adjoining buildings in an urban context, on which people may freely assemble, interact, and move about. ... Parallel is a term in geometry and in everyday life that refers to a property in Euclidean space of two or more lines or planes, or a combination of these. ... For the musical group, see Cul de Sac (group). ... Alleys are generally less well-maintained than roads. ... Cobble is a geologic term for a rock or rock fragment with a grain size with dimensions between 64–256 mm (2. ...

The building of a railway station in Dedeagatch led to the development of the village into a town, and a minor trade centre by the end of the century. The town became the seat of a Pasha with administrative duties. The Ottoman control of the town would last until the Balkan Wars. On 8 November 1912, Dedeagatch and its station was captured by Bulgarian forces with the assistance of the Hellenic Navy. Bulgaria and Greece were allies during the First Balkan War, but opponents in the Second Balkan War. Dedeagatch was captured by the Hellenic Army on 11 July 1913. This would prove short-lived, for the Treaty of Bucharest (10 August 1913) determined that Dedeagatch would be returned to Bulgaria along with the rest of Western Thrace. Main street in Bastrop, Texas, a small town A town is a residential community of people ranging from a few hundred to several thousands, although it may be applied loosely even to huge metropolitan areas. ... This article discusses the rank/title used in the Ottoman Empire. ... The outcome as of April 1913 Boundaries on the Balkans after the First and the Second Balkan War (1912-1913) Distribution of races in the Balkan Peninsula and Asia Minor in 1923, Historical Atlas by William R. Shepherd, New York (The map does not reflect the results of the 1923... November 8 is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 53 days remaining. ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Hellenic Navy Jack The Hellenic Navy, (Greek: Πολεμικό Ναύτικο), is the naval force of the modern nation of Greece (Hellenic Republic). ... The Hellenic Army (Greek: Ελληνικός Στράτος) is the land force of Greece (The Hellenic Republic). ... July 11 is the 192nd day (193rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 173 days remaining. ... 1913 (MCMXIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... The Treaty of Bucharest was concluded on August 10, 1913, by the delegates of Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Montenegro, and Greece. ... August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Western Thrace is the part of the region of Thrace located between the rivers Nestos (Mesta) and Evros (Maritza) in northeastern Greece (in the periphery of East Macedonia and Thrace) with an approximate area of 8,200 km², bordered by Bulgaria to the north, Turkey to the east, and the...

The defeat of Bulgaria by the Allies in World War I (1914 - 1918) ensured another change of hands for the town. The Treaty of Neuilly (27 November 1919) required the ceding of Western Thrace from Bulgaria to Greece. However Bulgaria retained the right to use the port of Dedeagatch to transport goods through the Aegean Sea. The change of guard between Bulgarian and Greek officials occurred on May 14, 1920. The city was soon visited by Alexander I of Greece amidst great celebration. He was the first King of Greece to visit the town which was renamed in his honor. When spelt with a capital A, Allies usually denotes the countries supporting the Triple Entente who fought together against the Central Powers in World War I and against the Axis Powers in World War II. For more information, see the related articles: Allies of World War I and Allies of... World War I, also known as the First World War, and (before 1939) the Great War, the War of the Nations, and the War to End All Wars, was a world conflict lasting from August 1914 to the final Armistice (cessation of hostilities) on November 11, 1918. ... 1914 (MCMXIV) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... The Treaty of Neuilly, dealing with Bulgaria for its role as one of the Central Powers in World War I, was signed on the November 27, 1919 at Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. ... November 27 is the 331st day (332nd on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Aegean Sea. ... May 14 is the 134th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (135th in leap years). ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... Alexander of Greece King of Greece Alexander I, King of the Hellenes, ruled Greece from 1917-1920. ... This is a list of the Kings of Greece, formally known by the title of King of the Hellenes. ...

Following the defeat of Greece in the Greco-Turkish War (1919 - 1922), forces of the Hellenic Army retreated from Eastern Thrace to the area of Alexandroupoli under the leadership of General Theodoros Pangalos. Bulgaria used the opportunity of the Greek defeat to demand for Alexandroupoli to be either returned to its control or to be declared a neutral zone under international control. Both demands were rejected by the Greek leadership and found no support in the League of Nations. Combatants Greece Turkish Revolutionaries Commanders Ali Fethi Okyar, Ismet Inonu, Mustafa Kemal Strength Casualties The Greco–Turkish War of 1919–1922, also called the War in Asia Minor, and (in Turkey) a part of the Turkish War of Independence, was a war between Greece and Turkey fought in the wake... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Prominent issues in Greek foreign policy include a dispute over the name of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, the enduring Cyprus problem, Greek-Turkish differences over the Aegean, and relations with the USA. The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Greek refusal to recognize the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia... General is a high military rank, used by nearly every country in the world. ... Theodoros Pangalos (Greek Θεόδωρος Πάγκαλος). Born 1878 (Salamina, Greece); died 1952 (Athens, Greece). ... The League of Nations was an international organization founded after the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. ...

The Treaty of Lausanne (24 July 1923) affirmed that Western Thrace and Alexandroupoli would continue to be controlled by Greece. The previous agreement allowing a Bulgarian presence in the town port had expired. Representatives of Prime Minister of Greece Stilianos Gonatas offered a renewal of the agreement in an apparent attempt to improve the relationship between the two Balkan countries. Their Bulgarian counterparts informed Prime Minister of Bulgaria Aleksandur Tsankov and returned a negative reply. The Treaty of Lausanne was a peace treaty that delimited the boundaries of modern Greece and Turkey. ... July 24 is the 205th day (206th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 160 days remaining. ... 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Note on Greek names: There is no firm convention for the rendering of Greek personal names into English. ... ... Chairmen of the Council of Ministers, 1879-1991 Prime Ministers, 1991-present See also History of Bulgaria Politics of Bulgaria List of Bulgarian monarchs List of Presidents of Bulgaria Categories: Lists of office-holders | Prime Ministers of Bulgaria ...

Bulgaria used its alliance with Nazi Germany to regain control of Western Thrace during World War II. Alexandroupoli remained under Bulgarian occupation between May, 1941 and 1945. The city suffered disaster of buildings and loss of population during the war but was largely spared of the effects of the Greek Civil War (1942 - 1949). Forces of the Democratic Army of Greece in and around the town area were small and loosely organized , resulting in no major battles occurring in it. Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Commanders {{{commander1}}} {{{commander2}}} Strength {{{strength1}}} {{{strength2}}} Casualties 17 million military deaths 8 million military deaths {{{notes}}} World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a military conflict that took place between 1939 and 1945. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... // Introduction An ELAS soldier The Greek Civil War was fought between 1946 and 1949, and was the first example of a post-war Communist insurgency. ... This article is about the year. ... 1949 (MCMXLIX) is a common year starting on Saturday. ...

The return of peace allowed for Alexandroupoli to grow from a town of 16,332 residents (1951) to a city of 35,999 residents by 1981. 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... Sydney, Australia at Night. ... 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Other

Alexandroupoli has schools, lyceums, gymnasia, banks, a post office, beaches, a sporting centre, a train station (Thessaloniki - Drama - Alexandroupoli) and squares (plateies).The medical school and the Department of educational Studies of Democritus University are situated there too. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... // About Drama Drama (Δράμα) is a town in northeastern Greece. ... Plateia (πλατεία) is the Greek word for town square. ...

Historical population

1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1991 (MCMXCI in Roman) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Coordinates: 40°50′51″N, 25°52′28″E

See also

• Communities of the Evros prefecture

Here are communities and settlements of the Evros prefecture in Greece: In Evros A-B Agnanta Agriani Alepochori Alexandroupoli Amfitriti Ammovouno Amorio Ampelakia Ano Vyssa Antheia Apalos Ardani Aristino Arzos Asimenio Asproneri Asvestades Avas Avdela Avra C-D Chaldini Chandra Chelidona Chionades Dadia Dikaia Dikella Dilofos Doriko Doriskos Doxa E...

Prefectural capitals of Greece

Agios Nikolaos | Alexandroupoli | Amfissa | Argostoli | Arta | Athens | Chalcis | Chania | Chios |Corfu | Corinth | Drama | Edessa | Elefsina | Ermoupoli | Florina | Grevena | Heraklion | Igoumenitsa | Ioannina | Kalamata | Karditsa | Karpenisi | Kastoria | Kavala | Kilkis | Komotini | Kozani Lamia | Larissa | Lefkada | Livadeia | Messolonghi | Mytilene | Nafplion | Pallini | Patras | Piraeus | Polygyros | Preveza | Pyrgos | Rethymno | Rhodes | Serres | Sparta | Thessaloniki | Trikala | Tripoli | Vathy | Veria | Volos | Xanthi | Zakynthos