FACTOID #53: If you thought Antarctica was inhospitable, think again - its land area is only ninety-eight percent ice. Reassuringly, the other 2% is categorised as "barren rock".
A thinning agent used to reduce viscosity or prevent flocculation; incorrectly called a "dispersant." Most deflocculants are low-molecular weight anionicpolymers that neutralize positive charges on clay edges. Examples include polyphosphates, lignosulfonates, quebracho and various water-soluble synthetic polymers. The pitch drop experiment at the University of Queensland. ... Flocculation is a condition in which clays, polymers or other small charged particles become attached and form a fragile structure, a floc. ... In chemistry, an anionic species is one that contains a full negative charge. ... A polymer is a long, repeating chain of atoms, formed through the linkage of many molecules called monomers. ... Polyphosphates are phosphate polymers linked between hydroxyl groups and hydrogen atoms. ... Quebracho is one of the common names, in Spanish, of at least three similar species of trees that grow in the Gran Chaco region of South America: Schinopsis lorentzii (quebracho colorado santiagueño), of the family Anacardiaceae; Schinopsis balansae (quebracho colorado chaqueño), of the same family; Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco...
The deflocculent oxides counterbalance the effect of the flocculent alkaline earths to the extent they are respectively leached from the frit upon dispersal in a ceramic slip and maintain the slip at a workable viscosity.
Deflocculent oxides include any metal oxide that may be made a component of the glass frit and which counteracts as described the flocculating action of the alkaline earths.
After leaching from the glass, the deflocculent oxides are usually present in the slip as silicates such as sodium silicate, potassium silicate, and lithium silicate.
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